White W h i te su p er f i c i a l superficial Onychomycosis On y c h om y cos i s , K h ar i Khari Disease Disease in in buffaloes buffaloes Dr.Kedar KarkiDr.Kedar KarkiSenior vet. OfficerSenior vet. OfficerCentral VeterinaryCentral VeterinaryLaboratory Kathmandu Laboratory Kathmandu
26
Embed
White Superficial Onychomycosis , Khari Disease in Buffaloes
This document is posted to help you gain knowledge. Please leave a comment to let me know what you think about it! Share it to your friends and learn new things together.
Transcript
8/8/2019 White Superficial Onychomycosis , Khari Disease in Buffaloes
SinceSince 19831983--19841984,, First First timetime aa mystriousmystriousdiseasedisease waswas reportedreported byby fieldfield veterinarianveterinarian
(Karki(Karki HH..C)C) inin district district of of DarchulaDarchula withwith somesomechalkychalky dust dust comingcoming downdown fromfrom hoof hoof of of animalanimal especiallyespecially duringduring thethe monthmonth of of JanuaryJanuary toto JulyJuly inin specificspecific areaarea somesome kindkind of of
symptomsymptom beginbegin toto appearappear adjoiningadjoining district district withwith samesame symptomssymptoms inin samesame seasonsseasons..
8/8/2019 White Superficial Onychomycosis , Khari Disease in Buffaloes
A s A s perper symptomsymptom shownshown byby diseaseddiseased animal,animal,thethe entityentity waswas just just forfor thethe shakeshake of of recordrecord
waswas namename KhariKhari oror chaukhorichaukhori inin locallocald i l i t i c e sd i l i t i c e s
8/8/2019 White Superficial Onychomycosis , Khari Disease in Buffaloes
Onychomycos i sOnyc homy cos i s e ncom passe sencompasse s bo thbo thdermatophytedermatophyte andand nondermatophytenondermatophyte nailnaili n f e c t i o n si n f e c t i o n s
RepresentsRepresents upup toto 3030%% of of diagnoseddiagnoseds u p e r f i c i a ls u p e r f i c i a l f u n g a lf u n g a l i n f e c t i o n si n f e c t i o n s
TheThe causativecausative pathogenspathogens of of onychomycosisonychomycosisincludeinclude dermatophytes,dermatophytes, Candida,Candida, andand nonnon--dermatophyticdermatophytic mouldsmoulds.. DermatophytesDermatophytes arearethethe fungifungi most most commonlycommonly responsibleresponsible forforonychomycosisonychomycosis inin thethe temperatetemperate westernwesterncountriescountries;; meanwhile,meanwhile, CandidaCandida andand nonnon--
dermatophyticdermatophytic mouldsmoulds areare moremore frequentlyfrequentlyinvolvedinvolved inin thethe tropicstropics andand subtropicssubtropics withwith aah o t h o t a n da n d h u m i dh u m i d c l i m a t ec l i m a t e ..
8/8/2019 White Superficial Onychomycosis , Khari Disease in Buffaloes
White superficial OnychomycosisWhite superficial Onychomycosis
whitewhite superficialsuperficial OnychomycosisOnychomycosis (WSO),(WSO),andand moremore rarely,rarely, WSOWSO cancan bebe causedcaused bybyspec iesspec ies of of nondermatophytenondermatophyte moldsmolds..TrichophytonTrichophyton mentagrophytes,mentagrophytes, Aspergillus Aspergillusterreus,terreus, Acremonium Acremon ium roseogr iseum,roseogr iseum,F u s a r i u mF u s a r i u m o x y s p o r u mo x y s p o r u m
8/8/2019 White Superficial Onychomycosis , Khari Disease in Buffaloes
DermatophytosisDermatophytosis (tinea(tinea oror ringworm)ringworm) of of thethescalp,scalp, glabrousglabrous skin,skin, andand nailsnails isis causedcaused bybyaa closelyclosely relatedrelated groupgroup of of fungifungi knownknown asasdermatophytesdermatophytes whichwhich havehave thethe abilityability totoutiliseutilise keratinkeratin asas aa nutrient nutrient source,source, ii..ee.. theytheyhavehave aa un iqueun ique enzymat i cenzymat i c capac i t ycapac i t y
[ k e r a t i n a s e ][ k e r a t i n a s e ] ..
8/8/2019 White Superficial Onychomycosis , Khari Disease in Buffaloes
maymay bebe transmittedtransmitted toto humanshumans followingfollowing contact contact w i t hw i t h t h et h e a n i m a la n i m a l h o s t h o s t ..
ZoophilicZoophilic infectionsinfections usuallyusually elicit elicit aa strongstrong host host responseresponse andand onon thethe skinskin wherewhere contact contact withwith thetheinfectiveinfective animalanimal hashas occurredoccurred ieie arms,arms, legs,legs, bodybodyo ro r f a c ef a c e ..
8/8/2019 White Superficial Onychomycosis , Khari Disease in Buffaloes
primarily involves distal nail bed andprimarily involves distal nail bed andhyponychium, with secondary involvement hyponychium, with secondary involvement of underside of nail plate of fingernails andof underside of nail plate of fingernails andtoenailstoenails
8/8/2019 White Superficial Onychomycosis , Khari Disease in Buffaloes
2.) white superficial2.) white superficialonychomycosis(leukonychiaonychomycosis(leukonychiatrichophytica):this is an invasion of thetrichophytica):this is an invasion of thetoenail plate on the surface of the nailtoenail plate on the surface of the nail
It is produced byIt is produced by T.mentagrophytes,T.mentagrophytes, speciesspeciesof of Cephalosporium and Aspergillus, andCephalosporium and Aspergillus, and
Fusarium oxysporumFusarium oxysporum fungusfungus
8/8/2019 White Superficial Onychomycosis , Khari Disease in Buffaloes
3.) Proximal subungual onychomycosis: involves3.) Proximal subungual onychomycosis: involvesthe nail plate mainly from proximal nail foldthe nail plate mainly from proximal nail fold
It is produced byIt is produced by T. rubrum & T. megniniiT. rubrum & T. megninii andand
may be an indication of HIV infectionmay be an indication of HIV infection 4.) Candida onychomycosis involves all the nail4.) Candida onychomycosis involves all the nail
plate; it is due toplate; it is due to Candida albicansCandida albicans and is seen inand is seen inpts with chronic mucocuataneous candidiasispts with chronic mucocuataneous candidiasisA ssociated paronychia A ssociated paronychia
A djacent cuticle is pink, swollen, and tender A djacent cuticle is pink, swollen, and tender
Fingernails > toenailsFingernails > toenails
8/8/2019 White Superficial Onychomycosis , Khari Disease in Buffaloes
often associated with skin that is kept moist and whereoften associated with skin that is kept moist and whereabrasions occurabrasions occur
interdigitalinterdigital -- between the fingers (occupational hazard of between the fingers (occupational hazard of salad chefs, waiters, fruit canners, bartenders, etc.)salad chefs, waiters, fruit canners, bartenders, etc.)
groin, axillary regions (underarms), umbilicus (navel), feet groin, axillary regions (underarms), umbilicus (navel), feet and nailsand nails
bacteria may be involved in a secondary invaderbacteria may be involved in a secondary invader
nail infectionsnail infections -- onychomycosisonychomycosis diaper rash may be caused by a species of diaper rash may be caused by a species of CandidaCandida
8/8/2019 White Superficial Onychomycosis , Khari Disease in Buffaloes