The South and West Transformed 1865 - 1900
Bell RingerWhich of the following statements do you most
agree:Westward expansion was an inevitable and positive
process.Westward expansion was immoral and unfair because of the
way it affected Native Americans.Westward expansion was a process
of its time and cannot be judged by modern standards.
The South and West Transformed 1865 - 1900Chapter 6Section 1:
The New South
Chapter 6.1: The New South ObjectivesExplain how the southern
economy changed in the late 1800s.
Analyze how southern farmers consolidated their political
power.
Describe the experience of African Americans in the changing
South.Industries and Cities GrowThe South Remained largely
agricultural and poor after the Civil WarFarming became more
diversified; grain, tobacco, and fruit crops (small farms replaced
large plantations)
Railroads Link Cities and TownsTo combat economic isolation,
southerners lobbied the federal government for more rail
building
Southern Economic Recovery in LimitedSustained economic
development requires resources, labor, and capital investment.
(industry is a three legged stool.Public education was limited in
the South, there were few technical and engineering schools
Southern Farmers Face Hard TimesCash Crop products grown not for
there use but sold for cashCotton remained a staple crop after the
Civil War and during the war many European textile factories found
other sources (depressed prices)
Farms Band TogetherFarmers Alliance farmers in Texas in the 1870
began to organize as a group for lower prices for supplies (lobbied
for lower transport cost and loan rates)
Black Southerners Gain and LoseThirteenth, Fourteenth, and
Fifteenth amendments gave many gains that were stifled by the
courts.Voting, Education, businesses, purchasing power, farmer
groups(Federal Laws)
White Backlash BeginsKu Klux Klan used terror and violenceCivil
Rights Act of 1875 congress guaranteed black patrons the right to
ride trains and use public facilitiesSupreme Court ruled that these
were local issues
Bell Work: VocabUsing Chapter 6.2 (pg. 160), Describe in detail
the following terms & people.
reservation
Chief Joseph
Assimilate
Dawes General Allotment ActSection 2: Westward Expansion &
the American Indians
Chapter 6.2: ObjectivesCompare the ways Native Americans &
white settlers viewed & used the land.
Describe the conflicts between white settlers & Indians.
Evaluate the impact of the Indian Wars.Cultures Under
PressureThe federal government forced Native Americans west past
the Mississippi to lands they were to have FOREVER during the
1840s.
Cultures Under PressureWestward expansion would soon dissolved
this promise Great American DesertNative Americans had many diverse
cultures influenced by geographyPacific North west fish and
forestsSouth hunter-gatherersSouth West arid lands Pueblo
peoplePlains buffalo(Natives saw themselves as part of
nature)Threatened by Advancing SettlersPresident Jackson moved the
Cherokees off their land in Georgia and onto the Great Plains
(Whites were discouraged form contact with the Native
Americans)Gold and Silver Reservations specific areas set aside by
the government for Indians use
New Settlers and Native Americans Clash
Sand Creek Massacre 1864; Colorado militia killed a camp of
unarmed Cheyenne/Arapaho Indians, whom were under
protection.Fetterman Massacre 1866; Red Cloud (Sioux) lured Capt.
Fetterman/troops into an ambush. U.S. I. P. C. lasting peace would
come only if N.A. assimilated.Fort Laramie Treaty 1868; U.S. no
road through Sioux land/abandon 3 forts. Indians live on
reservation w/support of govt. Red River War 1874; Indians attack
Texans. Marked end of Southern Buffalo herds. Opened Western
Panhandle of Texas to settlers. Final defeat of southern Plains
Indians.Little Big Horn 1876; Prospectors Vs. Sioux (Crazy horse
& Sitting Bull). Custer sent to drive Indians out. Sioux kill
Custer/250 men.Nez Perces 1877; U.S. attempts to move Christian
Indians. Chief Joseph leads refugees 1,300 miles to Canada.
Surrender short. Wounded Knee 1890; Ghost Dance revival. U.S.
arrest Sitting Bull to stop. Troops sent after fleeing Indians. All
100 Indians killed. Seals Indian demise. The End of the Indian
WarsRed River War U.S. failed to fulfill the Treaty of Medicine
Lodge, and keep white buffalo hunters off Indian land
Battle of the Little Big HornSitting Bull famed fighter, trained
holy man, first ever chief of the seven bands Battle of the Little
Big Horn led by Crazy Horse, Custer and all of his men were
killed
Chief JosephChief Joseph led a group of refugees to Canada 1,300
miles
Wounded KneeWounded Knee sealed the Indians demise after being
weakened more than 100 men women and children were killed
The Government Promotes AssimilationAssimilated to be absorbed
into the main culture of a societyDawes General Allotment Act
replaced the reservation system with an allotment system. Each
family was given 160-acre farmstead