Ch-8 review
Jan 13, 2016
Ch-8 review
Which is a typical characteristic of an ionic compound?Electron pairs are shared among atoms.The ionic compound has a low solubility in
water.The ionic compound is described as a
molecule.The ionic compound has a high melting point.
The ionic compound has a high melting point.
What is shown by the structural formula of a molecule or polyatomic ion?the arrangement of bonded atomsthe number of metallic bondsthe number of ionic bondsthe shapes of molecular orbitals
the arrangement of bonded atoms
Which of these elements does not exist as a diatomic molecule?
NeHFI
Ne
How do atoms achieve noble-gas electron configurations in single covalent bonds?One atom completely loses two electrons to
the other atom in the bond.Two atoms share two pairs of electrons.Two atoms share two electrons.Two atoms share one electron.
Two atoms share two electrons.
Why do atoms share electrons in covalent bonds?
to become ions and attract each otherto attain a noble-gas electron configurationto become more polarto increase their atomic numbers
to attain a noble-gas electron configuration
Which of the following elements can form diatomic molecules held together by triple covalent bonds?
carbonfluorineoxygennitrogen
nitrogen
Which noble gas has the same electron configuration as the oxygen in a water molecule?heliumargonneonxenon
neon
Which elements can form diatomic molecules joined by a single covalent bond?hydrogen onlyhalogens onlyhalogens and members of the oxygen group
onlyhydrogen and the halogens only
hydrogen and the halogens only
Which of the following is the name given to the pairs of valence electrons that do not participate in bonding in diatomic oxygen molecules?
unvalenced pairinner pairouter pairunshared pair
unshared pair
A molecule with a single covalent bond is ____.CO2
COCl 2
N 2
Cl 2
Once formed, how are coordinate covalent bonds different from other covalent bonds?
They are stronger.They are weaker.They are more ionic in character.There is no difference.
There is no difference.
When H forms a bond with H2 O to form the hydronium ion H 3O +, this bond is called a coordinate covalent bond because ____.
both bonding electrons come from the oxygen atom
it forms an especially strong bondthe electrons are equally sharedthe oxygen no longer has eight valence
electrons
both bonding electrons come from the oxygen atom
How many valid electron dot formulas—having the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion—can be written when a resonance structure occurs?
02 only1 only2 or more
0
How many electrons can occupy a single molecular orbital?
0214
2
According to VSEPR theory, molecules adjust their shapes to keep which of the following as far apart as possible?
pairs of valence electronsmobile electronsinner shell electronsthe electrons closest to the nuclei
pairs of valence electrons
What causes water molecules to have a bent shape, according to VSEPR theory?
repulsive forces between unshared pairs of electrons
interaction between the fixed orbitals of the unshared pairs of oxygen
ionic attraction and repulsionthe unusual location of the free electrons
repulsive forces between unshared pairs of electrons
What type of hybrid orbital exists in the methane molecule?
spsp 3
sp 2
sp 3d 2
sp 3
What is the shape of a molecule with a triple bond?tetrahedralbentpyramidallinear
linear
What is thought to cause the dispersion forces?attraction between ionssharing of electron pairsmotion of electronsdifferences in electronegativity
motion of electrons
What are the weakest attractions between molecules?ionic forcescovalent forcesVan der Waals forceshydrogen forces
Van der Waals forces
What causes hydrogen bonding?
attraction between ionsmotion of electronssharing of electron pairsbonding of a covalently bonded hydrogen
atom with an unshared electron pair
bonding of a covalently bonded hydrogen atom with an unshared electron pair