When printing slides, please use the print handout option and select black and white option. That way, you will not print black backgrounds and thus save.

When printing slides, please use the print handout option and select black and white option.

That way, you will not print black backgrounds and thus save ink!

When printing slides, please use the print handout option and select black and white option.

That way, you will not print black backgrounds and thus save ink!

Chapter 12The Cell Cycle

12.1 Mitotic cell division results in genetically identical daughter cells12.2. Mitosis alternates with Interphase in the cell cycle12.3. Not for exam

12.1

1. All organisms are composed of cells

Some paradigms in Biology

2. There is a universal genetic code shared by all organisms and this code transmits information between generations.

6.2

But first some sections of Ch. 6

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Light microscopy

Electron microscopy

6.3

Variations in density

Variations in density ~3D

Adding dyes to label molecules

Capturing sharp images at many different planes 3D

6.4. Research Methods:Cell fractionation

The disruption of a cell and separation of its parts by centrifugation at successively higher speeds.

6.5. A prokaryotic cell – lacking a true nucleus and other membrane-enclosed organelles

Bacteria, Archaea

6.8.Animal cell

Eukaryotic cell

6.8.A plant cell

Eukaryotic cell

2 nm

Chromosomes (DNA + proteins)

DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid

Nucleic Acid

Nucleotide

Nucleosome

slinky

Outline

• What are cell division and eukaryotic chromosomes?

• What is the cell cycle?• What is mitosis?• What is meiosis (Ch. 13)?• What are some meiotic errors

(Ch. 13)?

Functions of cell division:1. Reproduction (single-celled organism)2. Growth and development (multi-cellular organisms)3. Renewal and repair.

12.2Cells divide with most components equally shared among the daughter cells;but the DNA on chromosomes divides with exceptional precision!

12.4, 12.5Chromosome duplication and distribution during cell division

Mitosis

12.6. The cell cycle

12.7a. The mitotic division of an animal cell

12.7b. The mitotic division of an animal cell

12.10. Cytokinesis in animal and plant cells

12.11. Mitosis in a plant cell. Light micrographs showing mitosis in an onion root cell.

Example Question

• A cell containing 92 chromatids at the start of mitosis would, at its completion, produce cells containing how many chromosomes?

– A) 12– B) 23– C) 92– D) 16– E) 46

12.19. Density-dependent inhibition and anchorage dependence of cell division.

Cancer cells do not follow normal signals that regulate the cell cycle. They lack density-dependent inhibition (crowded cells stop dividing) and anchorage-dependence (must be attached to substrate in order to divide) and continue to divide and invade other tissues.

Diving cells near the tip of an onion root. Identify a nucleus in each of the major stages of mitosis and describe major events occurring at each stage.

Stages in Mitosis

Fig 12.12.Bacterial cell division(binary fission)

Look at Chapter 12 Review (book p. 244)

• 12.1 Mitotic cell division results in genetically identical daughter cells

• 12.2. Mitosis alternates with Interphase in the cell cycle

• 12.3. Not for exam