What’s wrong with this statement? Yes, I agree that she is to blame for what happened. In my opinion it is clear to see from the reading of the book that.

What’s wrong with this statement?

Yes, I agree that she is to blame for Yes, I agree that she is to blame for what happened. In my opinion it what happened. In my opinion it is clear to see from the reading of is clear to see from the reading of the book that yeah, I am correct. the book that yeah, I am correct.

Find as many errors as you can…

The words “yes, or no.”The words “yes, or no.”

Answer the question, but don’t ACT like Answer the question, but don’t ACT like you’reyou’re

answering it; seem as if answering it; seem as if you you have come up have come up with the concept on your own!with the concept on your own!

YesYes, I agree that he is to blame for what , I agree that he is to blame for what happened. In my opinion it is clear to see happened. In my opinion it is clear to see

from the reading of the book that I am from the reading of the book that I am

correct.correct.

$$ $$ WHAT TO AVOID AT ALL WHAT TO AVOID AT ALL COCO$$TT $$ $$

$$ $$ WHAT TO AVOID AT ALL WHAT TO AVOID AT ALL COCO$$TT $$ $$

PRONOUNS: “it, that, they, them…” and PRONOUNS: “it, that, they, them…” and VAGUE REFERENCESVAGUE REFERENCES

Pronouns seem harmless enough, but MAN they get Pronouns seem harmless enough, but MAN they get confusing. confusing. Be specificBe specific! It helps! ! It helps! Right now, listen Right now, listen

to Ms. Gebel’s story and see if you know what she’s to Ms. Gebel’s story and see if you know what she’s talking about. talking about.

YesYes, , I agree thatI agree that hehe CurleyCurley is to blame foris to blame for what happenedwhat happened his wife’s death. his wife’s death. In my In my

opinion it is clear to see from the reading of opinion it is clear to see from the reading of the the bookbook that yeah, I am correct. that yeah, I am correct.

““In my opinion” or “I” statements.In my opinion” or “I” statements.

$$ $$ WHAT TO AVOID AT ALL WHAT TO AVOID AT ALL COCO$$TT $$ $$

I I know know it’s your opinion; it’s your opinion; you’reyou’re writing it! By writing it! By telling me it’s your opinion, you’re actually telling me it’s your opinion, you’re actually being redundant and repeating yourself… being redundant and repeating yourself…

raise your hand if you caught the joke in this raise your hand if you caught the joke in this passage.passage.

YesYes, , I agree thatI agree that hehe CurleyCurley is to blame for is to blame for what happenedwhat happened his wife’s death. his wife’s death. In my In my

opinionopinion it is clear to see from the reading of it is clear to see from the reading of the bookthe book Of Mice and MenOf Mice and Men that yeah, that yeah, I amI am

correct.correct.

$$ $$ WHAT TO AVOID AT ALL WHAT TO AVOID AT ALL COCO$$TT $$ $$

CASUAL LANUGAGE: Yeah, CASUAL LANUGAGE: Yeah, stuff, like.stuff, like.

Remember, this isn’t an email; it is a formal paper!Remember, this isn’t an email; it is a formal paper!

YesYes, , I agree thatI agree that hehe CurleyCurley is to blame foris to blame for what happenedwhat happened his wife’s death. his wife’s death. In my In my opinionopinion it is clear to see from the reading of it is clear to see from the reading of the bookthe book Of Mice and MenOf Mice and Men that that yeahyeah,, I amI am

correct.correct.

Babble!Babble!

$$ $$ WHAT TO AVOID AT ALL WHAT TO AVOID AT ALL COCO$$TT $$ $$

Don’t go on and on…CUT TO THE CHASE… Don’t go on and on…CUT TO THE CHASE… answer the question! answer the question! Imagine the “parent Imagine the “parent

scenario, if you will…”scenario, if you will…”

YesYes, , I agree thatI agree that hehe CurleyCurley is to blame foris to blame for what happenedwhat happened his wife’s death. his wife’s death. In my In my

opinionopinion it is clear to see from the reading it is clear to see from the reading of the the book of the the book Of Of in in Of Mice and MenOf Mice and Men that that

I am correct.I am correct.

True or False: (Circle one)

During the course of your paper, it is During the course of your paper, it is okay to move away from the thesis okay to move away from the thesis as long as you are discussing other as long as you are discussing other things related to the book.things related to the book.

FALSE!FALSE!

ALWAYS STAY FOCUSED ON YOUR THESIS!

The entire paper should PROVE your point The entire paper should PROVE your point with specific exampleswith specific examples

Different paragraphs should address Different paragraphs should address different points of your thesisdifferent points of your thesis

If you go away from your claim, you lose If you go away from your claim, you lose credibility, focus, and convictioncredibility, focus, and conviction

THE FINAL TRANSFORMATION!Yes, I agree that she is to blame Yes, I agree that she is to blame

for what happened. In my for what happened. In my opinion it is clear to see from opinion it is clear to see from the reading of the book that the reading of the book that

yeah, I am correct. yeah, I am correct.

In In Of Mice and Men,Of Mice and Men, CurleyCurley is is to blame forto blame for his wife’s death.his wife’s death.

Now that you’ve mastered the art of what NOT to include in your writing,

It’s time to discuss what It’s time to discuss what ISIS needed after all! needed after all!

NEEDS OF AN A + PAPER…FLOW

TRANSITIONSTRANSITIONS

WHEN DO YOU NEED TRANSITIONS?WHEN DO YOU NEED TRANSITIONS?

a. Between Paragraphsa. Between Paragraphs

b. Between new ideas within the same paragraphb. Between new ideas within the same paragraph

Correct answer:Correct answer: C. Both a AND b!C. Both a AND b!

NEW PARAGRAPH FOR NEW IDEAS/ FOCUSNEW PARAGRAPH FOR NEW IDEAS/ FOCUS

NEEDS OF AN A + PAPER… FOCUS

CLEAR, CONCISE TOPIC CLEAR, CONCISE TOPIC SENTENCES at the start of each SENTENCES at the start of each paragraphparagraphCLEAR, CONCISE CONCLUSION CLEAR, CONCISE CONCLUSION SENTENCES at the end of each SENTENCES at the end of each paragraphparagraph

NEEDS OF AN A + PAPER… Proper Quotations

The following The following quotequote was said about Lennie was said about Lennie on page 2 of the story on page 2 of the story Of Mice and Men.Of Mice and Men.

...and he walked heavily, dragging his feet a ...and he walked heavily, dragging his feet a little, the way a bear drags his paws. little, the way a bear drags his paws.

If you were to include this in a paper, what If you were to include this in a paper, what would it look like? would it look like?

USE QUOTATION MARKS AND USE QUOTATION MARKS AND PARENTHESIS and TRY THIS ON YOUR PARENTHESIS and TRY THIS ON YOUR

OWN!OWN!

NEEDS OF AN A + PAPER… CITATION

...and he walked heavily, dragging his feet a ...and he walked heavily, dragging his feet a little, the way a bear drags his paws. little, the way a bear drags his paws.

““...and he walked heavily, dragging his feet ...and he walked heavily, dragging his feet a little, the way a bear drags his paws” (2). a little, the way a bear drags his paws” (2).

NEEDS OF AN A + PAPER… Proper Quotations

The following The following quotequote was said was said by Lennieby Lennie on on page 42 of the story page 42 of the story Of Mice and Men.Of Mice and Men.

(It is in “quotation marks” (It is in “quotation marks” inin the book…) the book…)

““I didn’t mean no harm, George.” I didn’t mean no harm, George.”

If you were to include this in a paper, what If you were to include this in a paper, what would it look like? would it look like?

USE QUOTATION MARKS AND USE QUOTATION MARKS AND PARENTHESIS and TRY THIS ON YOUR PARENTHESIS and TRY THIS ON YOUR

OWN!OWN!

NEEDS OF AN A + PAPER… CITATION

I didn’t mean no harm, George. I didn’t mean no harm, George.

“ ‘“ ‘I didn’t mean no harm, George’ ” (42).I didn’t mean no harm, George’ ” (42).

Anytime a line is taken from a text, it must Anytime a line is taken from a text, it must be in quotation marks.be in quotation marks. If, however, someone If, however, someone

is also SPEAKING, an additional SINGLE is also SPEAKING, an additional SINGLE quotation must be added to show that voice!quotation must be added to show that voice!

NEEDS OF AN A + PAPER… Proper Quotations

Now let’s change up that last quote a bit, and see if you can Now let’s change up that last quote a bit, and see if you can still GET it… Same quote as before (said by Lennie on still GET it… Same quote as before (said by Lennie on page 42), but there’s a slight variation that will change the page 42), but there’s a slight variation that will change the requirements… Do you get it?requirements… Do you get it?

Lennie said, “I didn’t mean no harm, Lennie said, “I didn’t mean no harm, George.”George.”

YOUR TURN! YOUR TURN!

Turn it into a proper quotation for a paper!Turn it into a proper quotation for a paper!

NEEDS OF AN A + PAPER… CITATION

Lennie said, “I didn’t mean no harm, George.”Lennie said, “I didn’t mean no harm, George.”

““Lennie said, ‘I didn’t mean no harm, George’” (42).Lennie said, ‘I didn’t mean no harm, George’” (42).

Who can explain WHY???Who can explain WHY???

NEEDS OF AN A + PAPER… Proper Quotations

The following The following quotequote was said was said by Lennie and by Lennie and GeorgeGeorge on page 42 of the story on page 42 of the story Of Mice and Men.Of Mice and Men.

Lennie said, “I didn’t mean no harm, George.” Lennie said, “I didn’t mean no harm, George.” George looked at Lennie and said, “I know you George looked at Lennie and said, “I know you

didn’t, Lennie.”didn’t, Lennie.”

TRY TO MAKE TRY TO MAKE THIS QUOTE THIS QUOTE CORRECT FOR A PAPER… CORRECT FOR A PAPER…

remember the rules we’ve remember the rules we’ve discussed.discussed.

NEEDS OF AN A + PAPER… Proper Quotations

Lennie said, “I didn’t mean no harm, George.” Lennie said, “I didn’t mean no harm, George.” George looked at Lennie and said, “I know George looked at Lennie and said, “I know

you didn’t, Lennie.”you didn’t, Lennie.”

““Lennie said, ‘I didn’t mean no harm, George.’ Lennie said, ‘I didn’t mean no harm, George.’ George looked at Lennie and said, ‘I know you George looked at Lennie and said, ‘I know you

didn’t, Lennie’” (42).didn’t, Lennie’” (42).

INCLUDING QUOTES… Quotation Mark RULES

Always put lines from the text in quotation marks.Always put lines from the text in quotation marks.

If a line is IN quotation marks in the book, it requires a If a line is IN quotation marks in the book, it requires a SINGLE quotation mark every time there is a double SINGLE quotation mark every time there is a double quotation mark in the text.quotation mark in the text.

There should be NO Punctuation at the end of the quote There should be NO Punctuation at the end of the quote BEFORE the parenthesis… punctuation comes at after BEFORE the parenthesis… punctuation comes at after the page number.the page number.

INCLUDING QUOTES… CITATION RULES

When documenting the page number, place When documenting the page number, place it in parenthesis… ALONE. it in parenthesis… ALONE. NO P, PG, NO P, PG, PAGE, etc… PAGE, etc…

Punctuation comes AFTER the Punctuation comes AFTER the parenthesis… OUTSIDE, looking like this: parenthesis… OUTSIDE, looking like this: “Quote” (42).“Quote” (42).

INCLUDING QUOTES…BEFORE YOU START

ALWAYS, ALWAYS, ALWAYS introduce the ALWAYS, ALWAYS, ALWAYS introduce the quote before you include it!quote before you include it!

Include who said quote or who it’s about, and Include who said quote or who it’s about, and WHEN quote was said WHEN quote was said (not the page number, but what (not the page number, but what scene in the text: talk about action)scene in the text: talk about action)

NEVER say “This quote proves my point.”NEVER say “This quote proves my point.”

INCLUDING QUOTES…AFTER YOU WRITE THE QUOTE LINK IT! A quote should never be the last line of LINK IT! A quote should never be the last line of

a paragraph. You must ALWAYS explain a a paragraph. You must ALWAYS explain a quote’s significancequote’s significance

Explain how quote supports your thesis/topic Explain how quote supports your thesis/topic sentence in no less than THREE sentences.sentence in no less than THREE sentences.

Do not say “This quote proves my point Do not say “This quote proves my point because…” Just start explaining: cut to the chase!because…” Just start explaining: cut to the chase!

CONGRATULATIONS!

You are now an expert at writing papers You are now an expert at writing papers correctly; therefore, it’s time to apply this correctly; therefore, it’s time to apply this vast knowledge. YOU are writing a paper vast knowledge. YOU are writing a paper about your about your aspirations. aspirations.