What type of transfer is best? Gerald Nyasulu Concern Universal.

What type of transfer is best?

Gerald NyasuluConcern Universal

Three types of transfer: Cash Vouchers In-kind (goods package + maize flour)

We recommend: Cash & in-kind (maize flour only)

We do not recommend: Vouchers

….. Why?

We will compare the transfers in terms of:

Well-being of beneficiaries

• Did the transfers reduce hunger?

• Did the transfers reduce unmet needs?

Logistics of different transfers

Comparative costs

Criteria for comparison of transfers

Did the transfers reduce hunger?

Improvement in meals eaten by beneficiaries

Figure 1: Mean no. of times DP ate nsima yesterday

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Baseline Q1 Q2 Q3 Finalimpact

Baseline Q1 Q2 Q3 Finalimpact

Baseline Q1 Q2 Q3 Finalimpact

Cash Vouchers In-kind

Me

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Average number of times beneficiary ate nsima yesterday

Cash Voucher

In-kindBL

NovFeb Apr FI BL

NovFeb Apr FI BL

NovFeb Apr FI

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Figure 2: Mean no. of times that DP ate meat/chicken/fish last week

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Q2 Final impact Q1 Q3 BaselineIn-kind

Q2 Final impact

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Cash Voucher

In-kindBL

NovFeb Apr FI BL

NovFeb Apr FI BL

NovFeb Apr FI

Average number of times beneficiary ate meat, chicken or

fish last week

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Meeting other basic needs In-kind transfers reduced unmet need

for items included in pack of goods e.g. blankets, metal cooking pots

Cash and vouchers more effective in reducing unmet needs for other items e.g. clothes (not included in pack)

Cash did better than vouchers

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Baseline Final impact

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Reduction in unmet need for blankets by type of transfer

Cash

Voucher

In-kind

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Baseline Final impact

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Reduction in unmet need for clothing by type of transfer

In-kind

Cash

Voucher

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Reduction in unmet need for soap by type of transfer

In-kind

VoucherCash

Logistics and cost Cash Vouchers

Coordinating retailers

Printing Commissions Reconciliation

In-kind Liaison with

suppliers

Proportion of total cost that reaches beneficiaries Cash: 62% In-kind: 61% Vouchers: 56%

RecommendationCombination of:

In-kind (maize flour only)Meets basic food needs

CashProvides other items – animal protein,

basic needs goods such as soap, clothing, blankets

Avoid vouchers – like cash, but less efficient!