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What is this?
Title NameDate Class
Table of ContentsTable of ContentsLeft Page Number` Right Page Number
72. Progress Report 73. Densuhtay!
74. BOC012615 Test 75. Densuhtay Too!
76. Density Measurements 77. Sig Figs!
78. BOC013015 Test 79. Sig Figs Deuce, Baby!
80. MOC020515 Test 81. Common Assessment Density
82. Acids & Bases Properties 83. Acids & Bases
84. Common Acids & Bases Diag. 85. Mo Acids, Mo Bases
86. Progress Report 021215 87. Red Cabbage Indicator
88. BOC022415 Quiz 89. Progress Report 03022015
90. Acid/Base Common Assess. 91. Gravity
92. Gravity Diagram 93. Gravity Also
94. It’s Electric 95. It’s Still Electric
96. It’s Still Electric II 97. Magnetically Electric!
98. 99. Mo Magnetically Electric!
100. 101. One Mo Magnetically Electric
A Strong Attraction!oMagnets
ocomes from a mineral called magnetite.oAttracts objects made of iron or steel.oHas a north or south pole.oTends to point toward the north pole
oMagnetic fieldsoMade through a moving electric charge (electrons)oElectrons spin while moving around nucleusoEach electron acts as a magnetoMagnetic Domain
o Group of atoms pointing in the same direction
How does a magnet causes a piece of iron to become a
magnet?
Attracted to the Earth!.o Earth’s Magnetic Field
oMagnetosphereo Region of space affected by Earth’s magnetic field.
oHoneybees, rainbow trout & homing pigeons have the mineral magnetite in them.
oThe Earth’s magnetic poles do not stay in 1 place.
o A compassoCompass needle is a small bar magnetoNeedle rotates until it aligns with magnetitic fieldoNorth pole of compass points toward Earth’s
magnetic pole.
How would magnetite help
certain organisms.
What Earth pole will the magnetic
pole of a compass point?
ElectromagnetismoMagnetic Fields
oProduced by moving electric chargesoProduced by moving electrons
oCreation of electromagnetoCoils of wire add together to form stronger magneto Iron core is magnetized and strengthen magnet
o ElectromagnetoCurrent carrying wire wrapped around an iron core.oDoorbelloGalvanometer
o Gas Hand, etc.
How do you cause electric charges?
Electromagnetismo Earth’s Magnetosphere
oPush/Pulls on electric charges from the Sun.oProtects the Earth from these damaging particles.
o The AuroraoParticles from sun spiral toward the magnetic polesoAt poles they collide with atoms in the atmosphere.oCollisions causes great light shows!
It’s Electric!oMotor
oElectric energy changed to kinetic energy
oGeneratoroKinetic energy changed into electric energy
o Electric GeneratoroGenerator
o Uses a magnetic field to turn motion into electricity.o Wire coils turn in a magnetic field.
oAlternating Current (AC) o Current alternating from positive to negative
oDirect Current (DC)o Electrons move in one direction.
How do electric
generators work?
It’s still Electrico Power Plants
oMost burn coal to produce electricity.oSends electricity to homes through wires.oTransports about 700,000 Volts (V) of electricityoVoltage
o Energy electric charges in a current carries.
o700,000 Volts immediately incinerate your house!
The Transformers!oTransformer
o Changes voltage of AC with little loss of energyo Used on electrical poles & power adaptors.o Made of 2 coils of wire wrapped around iron coreo Input to output ratio based on the number of coilso Voltage is greater on the side with more coils.
The Transformers!oSuperconductor
o Conducts electricity easier than any other material.o Has no resistance to flow of electronso Repels (not attracted to) magnets!
oMagnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)o Uses magnetic fields to create images of the inside of the
human body.
BiodiverSuhTayo Biodiversity
o Biological Diversityo Variety of life in an ecosystemoMeasured by the number of species in a areao Increases as you get closer to the Equator
oWarm, moist climates are ideal
o Importance of biodiversityoBeauty & pleasureoVariety in foodo Improve crops & medicines
o Loss of biodiversity can weaken ecosystem
Why does number of species increase
toward Equator
Goodbye BiodiverSuhTayo Losing Biodiversity
o ExtinctionoExtinct species – species that died outoCaused by competition or changes in environmentoAfter mass extinctions, new species appearoBetween 1980-2000 almost 40 species became
extinct in the U.S.
o endangered speciesoA species in danger of becoming extinct.oAfrican black rhinoceros
o In 1970 100,000 rhinoceros; by 2000 only 3000 left
What could cause mass extinctions?
Goodbye BiodiverSuhTayo Losing Biodiversity
o Threatened SpeciesoSpecies likely to become endangered in near futureoAustralian koala
oMajor reason species become threatened or endangered includes:oLoss of HabitatoDivided Habitat (crossing street is dangerous!)o Introduced Species
o (brought in by humans)
oNative SpeciesoOriginal organisms in an ecosystem.
What is a well known native
species of Australia
Ta-Ta BiodiverSuhTayo Losing Biodiversity
o PollutionoOf land, water or air can harm biodiversity.oWater pollution
o Harmful pesticides, chemicals, oils or other pollutants watero Comes from factories, ships or runoffs
oAir pollutiono Acid Rain
o Sulfur dioxide & nitrogen oxide combine with water vaporo Makes soil less fertileo Harms fish & organisms in lakes
o Can harm sensitive tissues of many organisms
Name a company in Jackson that may cause air pollution.
Ta-Ta BiodiverSuhTayo Losing Biodiversity
o PollutionoGlobal Warming
o Earth’s temperature rising o Caused by Carbon Dioxide being released into the air.o Could cause climate changes & melt polar ice caps!
oOzone Depletiono Thinning of the Ozone Layer.o Ozone Layer prevents harmful Sun ultraviolet (UV) rays from
reaching the Earth.o Could cause increase in skin cancers
What’s wrong with melting polar ice caps?
Don’t Leave BiodiverSuhTayo Conservation Biology
o Study of methods to protect biodiversityoProtect species from harmoProtect species habitat
o Legal ProtectionoEndangered Species Act of 1973 makes it illegal to
harm threatened or endangered species.
oHabitat PreservationoCreation of nature preserves such as national parks &
protected wildlife preserves.
oWildlife CorridorsoAllow animals to move freely from park to park.
What’s the difference in protecting a species vs
its habitat?
Stay 4 Ever - Biodiversityo Conservation Biology
oHabitat RestorationoBringing a damaged habitat back to a healthy condition
oWildlife ManagementoPark rangers and guards patrol areas protect wildlifeoLicenses required to hunt or fish in certain areas.
oCaptive PopulationoPopulation of organisms cared for by humans.
oReintroduction ProgramsoReturn captive organisms to their homelands.
Why would people be allowed to hunt animals?
Stay 4 Ever - Biodiversityo Minerals
o Inorganic, solid materials found in nature.oNot formed by plants or animalso Formed from Magma & Larva
oMelted Rock material inside earth & out
o Also formed from solutions rich in dissolved material.
oHave an orderly pattern of atoms in repeating pattern.
Stay 4 Ever - Biodiversityo Properties of Minerals
oCleavage & FractureoCleavage: breaks into smooth, regular planes that reflect
light.oFractures: Breaks into pieces with jagged or rough edges.
oColoroMay fool you!
o Streako LusteroHardness
oSome minerals are harder than others.oMohs scale ranks hardness from 1 to 10. (1 softest)
Stay 4 Ever - Biodiversityo Properties of Minerals
o Specific GravityoComparing the weight of a mineral with the weight of the
same volume of water.
oGemsoRare minerals that can be cut & polished & beautifuloMade under special conditions.
o Diamonds are made under extreme pressure in Earth’s mantle.o Diamonds are brought up by exploding volcanos
Why move species to different areas?
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