WHAT IS SCIENCE? Chapter 1 Key concept: What is the goal of science? Interest Grabber
Mar 26, 2015
WHAT IS SCIENCE?Chapter 1
Key concept:What is the goal of science?
Interest Grabber
Objectives
• Explain what is meant by science
• List and describe the characteristics of living things
Key Vocabulary
• Science• Biology• Cell• Sexual reproduction• Asexual reproduction• Metabolism• Stimulus• Homeostasis• Evolution
SCIENCE:•Is an ________________•Uses_______ to ______ events•______and organizes ______•Deals only with __________•Looks for _______ and__________
organized method
Image from: http://www.erschools.org/Teachers/henderson/webquest/images/scientist.jpg
evidence explain
Collects information
natural world
patterns connections
Scientists:_______________ that can be _______ by ___________________
http://www.darvill.clara.net/enforcemot/graphics/newton.gif
propose explanations
TESTEDexamining evidence
Science is ______________buta ___________________Because of new tools,
techniques,& discoveries, our
understanding ofscience is __________________.
http://atmos.pknu.ac.kr/~swimm/wall/1024/EARTH.JPGhttp://www.npr.org/programs/fa/features/2005/04/flat_200.jpg
not “just facts”
“WAY OF KNOWING”
ALWAYS CHANGING
Our understanding of science is_________ in _______ intelligent________ about a wide varietyof _______ that affect our lives.
Renewable fuelsAIDS
Global warming
Stem Cell Research
Bird flu
Alternative energy
Cancer Endangered species
Cloning Nuclear power Pollution
essentialdecisions
issues
making
BIOLOGY=__________________= ________________Study of living things
BacteriaImage from: http://analyzer.depaul.edu/astrobiology/kingdoms.jpg
The science of “LIFE”
Click the image to play the video segment.
It’s Alive! Part 1 1A Part 2 1B
1.Made of _________
2. _____________
3. Based on a _____________________
4. _______ and ____________
5.______ & ___ ________ & _______
6. ________ to their ____________
7. ______________________________
8. As a group, __________________
Characteristics of ALL LIVING THINGS
cells
Reproduce
universal genetic code
Maintain a stable internal environment
Grow develop
Obtain use materials energy
Respond environment
change over time
ALL LIVING THINGS ARE: Made of cells
The _____ is the ______________.basic unit of life
http://sps.k12.ar.us/massengale/study_guides_bi.htm
CELL
ALL LIVING THINGS ARE: Made of cells
____________organisms are _____________made of only 1 cell
Image from: http://www.agen.ufl.edu/~chyn/age2062/lect/lect_06/bacsiz.GIF
(Ex: _________)
UNICELLULAR
bacteria
ALL LIVING THINGS ARE: Made of cells
_________________ organisms_______ as _________ but as adults are
_________________________
Ex: (___________ __________ )
MADE OF MANY CELLS
Images from: http://www.angelbabygifts.com/http://www.inclusive.co.uk/downloads/images/pics2/tree.gif
MULTICELLULARBEGIN ONE CELL
a human a tree
ALL LIVING THINGSReproduce
_____________________________________the___________________ from _____________________________
Seen in animals and plants
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Family image from: http://babyhearing.org/Parenet2Parent/index.asp
combines
sperm + egg = baby
genetic material
2 parents
_________________________makes a new organismusing the ________________from _________________
Seen in bacteria, plants, and some animals
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Planaria animation: http://www.t3.rim.or.jp/~hylas/planaria/title.htm
ALL LIVING THINGSReproduce
genetic materialONLY 1 PARENT
All living things share a universal genetic code
Hereditary material = DNA______________________
________________ with instructions for one _________is called a ________.
DEOXYRIBONUCLEIC ACID
GENEImage from: http://sbchem.sunysb.edu/msl/dna.gif
Segment of DNAPROTEIN
_____________ organisms, like a bacterium, grow by ________________.
Image by Riedell
ALL LIVING THINGS Grow & develop
INCREASING in SIZE
SINGLE CELLED
Multicellular organisms grow bigger by __________________ AND _____________________.
increasing cell sizeincreasing cell number
Image from: http://www.bcps.org/offices/lis/models/life/images/grow.JPG
Image by Riedell
ALL LIVING THINGS Grow & develop
MULTICELLULAR ORGANISM don’t just contain MANY CELLS… but many _______________ of cells with _____________________
Image from: http://www.isscr.org/images/ES-cell-Fig-2.jpg
DIFFERENT KINDS
DIFFERENT FUNCTIONS
The ________________ EMBRYONIC STEM CELLS into different looking ADULT cells doing different jobs =
__________________________DIFFERENTIATION
Image from: http://www.ncu.edu.tw/~ls/graph/faculty_pictures/whole_time/SLC/SLC_lab-1.jpg
PROCESS OF CHANGING
_________________________
what makes them ___________ is_______________ are
_______________________See end of show for image sources
All cells have the SAME DNA...
WHICH GENESTURNED ON or OFF
different
It’s like having a whole library full of books, but reading only the books that are important to you.
http://www.adc.state.az.us/programs/offlibsvs.html
http://school.discovery.com/clipart/clip/report2.html
ALL LIVING THINGSTake in Materials & Use Energy
To________________,organisms _______ a constant supply of
____________________ &
____________
This sheep uses the MOLECULES and ENERGYin the food it eats to make “more sheep”
grow and developneed
BUILDING MATERIALS
ENERGY!
http://ag.ansc.purdue.edu/sheep/ansc442/Semprojs/2003/spiderlamb/eatsheep.gif
ALL LIVING THINGSTake in Materials & Use
Energy ___________ use energy from sunlight or chemicals to ________________
Ex: _____________ use ____________to turn _________ into _________
AUTOTROPHS
http://www.inclusive.co.uk/downloads/images/pics2/tree.gif
Image from: http://vilenski.org/science/safari/cellstructure/chloroplasts.html
make their own food
GREEN PLANTS
sunlightphotosynthesis
glucose
ALL LIVING THINGSTake in Materials & Use
Energy
______________ get their energy by___________________
Ex: ________ (including you) and _________________
HETEROTROPHS
Image from: http://www.epa.gov/region5/superfund/ecology/images/fishcartoon.gif
consuming other organisms
Animalsmost bacteria
Vocab wordthe combination of all the _________________ through which an organism ________ or ___________ materials as it carries out its life processes
= ___________________metabolism
chemical reactionsbuilds up
breaks down
ALL LIVING THINGSRespond to their
environment
A signal to which an organism responds= ___________________
STIMULUS
Image from: http://www.travel-net.com/~andrews/images/animations/traffic.gif
ALL LIVING THINGSRespond to their
environment
A stimulus can be_________________
Ex: When there is enough water and ground is warm enough, seed germinates. Roots respond to gravity & grow downward.Leaves respond to sunlight & grow up.
EXTERNAL
Image from: http://www.ccs.k12.in.us/chsBS/kons/kons/images/stimresp.jpg
http://www.nofretete-page.de/gemischtNeu/TN_plant_grow_w.JPG
ALL LIVING THINGSRespond to their
environment A stimulus can be____________
Ex: When the glucose level in your bloodstream becomes low, your body responds by making you feel hungry.
http://www.israellycool.com/eat%20guy%20AFP.jpg
http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM2.html
INTERNAL
VOCAB WORD
A cell works to keep conditions inside the cell constant = ______________________
IF temperature, water content, nutrients, acidity change too much
. . . the cell will die.
HOMEOSTASIS
HOMEOSTASIS involvesinternal __________ mechanisms
If body temp drops too low,“shivering” produces heat to warm you up.
http://www.dreamstime.com/thumb_4/1099235658Q3A4x8.jpg http://www.clipartheaven.com/clipart/seasons_&_weather/overheating_2.gif
If temp is too hot, “sweating” cools you down.
FEEDBACK
HOMEOSTASIS
Drinking a BIG GULPincreases the amountof water in your body
http://pluck.typepad.com/photos/uncategorized/restroom_blog.gif
Your next stop gets rid of the excess water.(OSMOREGULATION)
http://www.me-go.net/rtw/images/biggulp.jpg
ALL LIVING THINGSas a group, change over
time = ______________
Allows _______ of ________ in a ___________
EVOLUTION
survivalspecies
changing world
http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=63386&rendTypeId=4
Muscle:http://chemistry.uca.edu/faculty/isom/4320_pdf/multimedia/web_ex/web_ex1/skeletalmuscle1.jpgRBC: http://www.astrographics.com/GalleryPrints/Display/GP2120.jpgNerve: http://www.alongnaturestrail.com/the_nervous_system.htmlBone: http://ssm.hkcampus.net/~ssm-is/3.%20human_cell/bone_cell.jpgCheek: http://faculty.stcc.edu/nash/cheek1.jpg
SOURCES
Core High School Life SciencePerformance Descriptors
High school students performing at the
ADVANCED level:
predict how homeostasis is maintained within living systems;
predict the function of a given structure;
High school students performing at the
PROFICIENT level:
describe the relationship between structure and function;predict how life systems respond to changes in the environment;
High school students performing at the
BASIC level
recognize that different structures perform different functions;
identify DNA as the structure that carries the genetic code;
define homeostasis;
Core High School Life SciencePerformance Descriptors
High school students performing at the
ADVANCED level:
given a scientific discovery, evaluate how different societal,
cultural, and personal beliefs influenced the investigation and
its interpretation;
High school students performing at the
PROFICIENT level:
given a scientific discovery narrative, determine and describe how societal, cultural, and personal beliefs influenced the investigation and its interpretation;
High school students performing at the
BASIC level
given a scientific discovery narrative, identify the cultural and personal beliefs that influenced the investigation.