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1. Editing by: 1-Hussain al-Ghawi 2. Eman al-Zawwad 3. Mohannad
Alnsour 4. Diego Auvert 5. Houda Jarid Parallelism
2. Contents What is parallelism? Use similar structures to
express similar ideas. Use parallelism in the following cases. Use
parallel structure on both sides of coordinating conjunctions.
Exercises
3. Parallelism: 1.means that similar parts of a sentence have
the same structure: nouns are with nouns, verbs with verbs, and
phrases with phrases In other word:- 2. Parallelism in writing
means that similar parts in a sentence (2 or more) must have the
same structure. Their parts are comparable and balanced. Allows
writing to flow smoothly and helps avoid misunderstandings. Note:
When similar parts do not follow the same structure, you have
created Faulty Parallelism.
4. For examples:- 1.Not parallelism : I like singing, kayaking,
and to dance. 2. parallelism: I like singing, kayaking, and dancing
Incorrect:- Angry ants, munched the marshmallows, crumbling
coffeecake, and sipping syrup, headed off across the countertop.
Correct:- Angry ants, munching marshmallows, crumbling
5. Use similar structures to express similar ideas. Put nouns
with nouns Faulty (F): I enjoy basketball more than playing video
games. Correct (C) : I enjoy basketball more than video games. Put
verbs with verbs (and use same tense) F: On our anniversary, we
ate, danced, and were singing. C: On our anniversary, we ate,
danced, and sang. Put adjectives with adjectives F: My history
class was both interesting and a challenge. C: My history class was
both interesting and challenging.
6. Make sure to use parallelism in the following cases. When
joining two or more items with and or or: 1.The party featured a
four-foot cake and a singing gorilla. 2.I am doing well in my
English class, in my math class, and in my history class. In
comparisons: Taking the train is as fast as driving. Driving to
Austin is as fast as flying With certain paired words (like
both/and, either/or, and neither/nor): Marlize both bakes bread and
fixes cars. My history course is both interesting and
challenging
7. Use parallel structure on both sides of coordinating
conjunctions (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so) FANBOYS For example,
1. She possessed all the wizards charm yet none of the wizards
insight. 2. Consult a doctor if your coughing persists or if your
coughing worsens over the weekend. 3. In English class, Diego
learned to read poems critically and appreciate good prose.. 4. A
swimmer was attacked by a shark, but he scared it away by poking it
in the eye.
8. Paired Conjunctions: (Bothand; not only. . . but also;
either. . .or; neither . . . nor) For example,, Both my mother and
my sister are here. Not only my mother but also my sister is here.
Neither my sister nor my parents are here. We can have either
broccoli or cauliflower for dinner. Note: 1.When we use (both. . .
and) the verb is always plural. 2. When we use (not onlybut also;
neither. . . nor; either. . . or) the verb is always in the form of
the word directly before it
9. Choose the correct answer to fill in the blank. 1. Ellas job
responsibilities include ____, training, and informing workers of
company policies. A) to hire B) hired C) hire D) none of the
above
10. Choose the correct answer to fill in the blank. 1.Ellas job
responsibilities include ____, training, and informing workers of
company policies. ANSWER: A) to hire B) hired C) hire D) none of
the above; hiring is the correct answer.
11. More Exercises:- 2. Henry likes pizza more than _______. A)
spinach B) to eat spinach C) to be eating spinach D) none of the
above
12. More Exercises:- 2.Henry likes pizza more than _______.
ANSWER: A) spinach B) to eat spinach C) to be eating spinach D)
none of the above
13. More Exercises:- 3.He drove to the store to buy milk, eggs,
and _______. A) to get bread B) bread C) getting bread D) none of
the above
14. More Exercises:- 3.He drove to the store to buy milk, eggs,
and _______. ANSWER: A) to get bread B) bread C) getting bread D)
none of the above
15. More Exercises:- 4.Tom jogs, swims, and _________. A) he is
kick boxing B) kick boxes C) he kick boxes D) none of the
above
16. More Exercises:- 4.Tom jogs, swims, and _________. ANSWER:
A) he is kick boxing B) kick boxes C) he kick boxes D) none of the
above
17. More Exercises:- 5.The film had many stars, used various
special effects, and ________. A) violence B) featured graphic
violence C) it was violent D) none of the above
18. More Exercises:- 5.The film had many stars, used various
special effects, and ________. ANSWER: A) violence B) featured
graphic violence C) it was violent D) none of the above
19. More Exercises:- 6.I think that learning a new language is
harder than ____. A) math B) to learn math C) learning math D) none
of the above
20. More Exercises:- 6.I think that learning a new language is
harder than ____. ANSWER: A) math B) to learn math C) learning math
D) none of the above
21. More Exercises:- 7.For some very shy people, giving a
speech can be as frightening as _________. A) having a serious
illness B) illness C) to have an illness D) none of the above
22. More Exercises:- 7.For some very shy people, giving a
speech can be as frightening as _________. ANSWER: A) having a
serious illness B) illness C) to have an illness D) none of the
above
23. More Exercises:- 8.Id rather be lucky or hardworking than
________. A) to have talent B) having talent C) talented D) none of
the above
24. More Exercises:- 8.Id rather be lucky or hardworking than
________. ANSWER: A) to have talent B) having talent C) Talented D)
none of the above
25. More Exercises:- 9. That football team has both a good
offense and ______. A) it has a good defense B) a good defense C)
having a good defense D) none of the above
26. More Exercises:- 9. That football team has both a good
offense and ______. ANSWER: A) it has a good defense B) a good
defense C) having a good defense D) none of the above
27. Last Exercises:- 10. Bob is not only loyal to friends but
also ________. A) he is friendly to strangers B) to be friendly to
strangers C) friendly to strangers D) none of the above
28. Answer last Exercises:- Bob is not only loyal to friends
but also ________. ANSWER: A) he is friendly to strangers B) to be
friendly to strangers C) friendly to strangers D) none of the
above
29. Sources 1. http://esla199.pbworks.com/w/page/23276972/Pa
rallel%20Structure,%20Paired%20Conjunctions,
%20Coordinating%20Conjunctions. 2.
arkcs.arkansas.gov/pp.../parallel_structure.ppt. 3. Parallelism
ppt, Brenham Writing Room, Created by D. Herring.