Vaccination OR Immunization
Dec 30, 2015
Vaccination OR
Immunization
What is immunization
Immunization is the process of conferring
increased resistance
(or decrease susceptibility)
to infection
Immunity and response to antigens
Antigens: any molecule, which can be
recognized by the immune system as being
foreign
The body will respond through innate and
acquired (adaptive) immunity mechanisms to
antigens
Foreign antigens
Innate immunityRapid
Non-specific
No memory
Acquired immunityAntibodies produce in response to an
infection e.g. natural viral infection
Antibodies produced in response to a vaccine
Individuals make their own antibodies
Passive immunityTransfer of maternal antibodies through the
placenta or breast milk
Administration of antibodies collected from
actively immunized humans or animals
Vaccination categories
Vaccines for childhood diseasesMeasles (MMR)
Mumps (MMR)
Rubella (MMR)
Diphtheria (DPT)
Tetanus (DPT)
Pertussis (whooping cough) (DPT)
Haemophilus influenzae type B (Hib)
Poliomyelitis (Polio vaccine)
Hepatitis B
Meningococcal meningitis
Vaccines for adults who are at risk of certain diseases
Influenza
Hepatitis B
Pneumococcal Pneumonia
Vaccines for travelerHepatitis A
Typhoid Fever
Yellow Fever
Hepatitis B
Japanese Encephalitis
Meningococcal Infections
Tick-borne Encephalitis