What Is Computer

Coverage for Computer 6To all Grade VI

• Saint Joseph• Saint Ezekiel• Saint Nicholas• Saint AugustineThis is our coverage for our 1st periodical test, and also for our Quiz bee on Wednesday, on Thursday we’ll have a quiz. Next week we’ll have a Review, both HELE and Computer. Study hard!

Prepared by: Ms. Requiso

What is computer?

computerIs an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in it’s own memory unit that can accept data, process data mathematically or logically and produced meaningful results called information.

Describe the following pictures?

What is Data?

Data – are raw facts or figures. They are made up letters, numbers and other symbols or special characters.

can be list of phone numbers

list of students names a set of keywords jotted during a

speech

Information

refers to data that have been processed into a form that is meaningful and useful.

Data Processing

– is the manipulation and transformation of data into meaningful results.

Examples of the operations used in data processing include the following:

Gathering Data Interpretation and classification

of data Recording of Data Performing basic mathematical

operations Summarizing the results

Data processing is a routinely activity of all people. It’s what we do to gain and develop new knowledge. It is actually a cycle. As you read you will understand why.

television books

Newspaperradio

3 data processing cycle

1.Input 2.Process3.Output

 TYPES OF DATA PROCESSING

Manual Data Processing Manual – mechanical data

processing Electronic data processing

Manual Data Processing

– is characterized by the absence of any machine in processing data.

The person involved does all the activities – from accumulation of data, their manipulation and the creation of results

Manual

mechanical data processing- devices are used

In processing but human intervention is needed to produce results.

Electronic data processing

– refers to the use of computer in processing data.

Why is a computer so powerful?

1. It is fast – In a computer, operations occur through the use of electronic circuits contained on a small chips.

2. It is Reliable – A human being can grow tired, a computer cannot.

3. It is Accurate – the computer calculates values and moves data within locations in the computer.

4. It stores large amount of data – storage capability is another reason why computer are so powerful.

5. It has a numerous other capabilities – can recall data stored in it’s memory; it is capable of remote processing and simulation and simultaneous processing; it can communicate with another computer.

What computers cannot do?

It is dependent on program – for a computer to perform the operations in the data processing cycle, it must be given a detailed set of instructions or steps that tell it exactly what to do.

It cannot generate it’s own data – the computer is reliant on the input of the user.

It is prone to viruses – The increase in number of computer viruses has already destroyed many programs in the past and has even affected the performance of some computer components and peripherals.

THE COMPUTER SYSTEM - Hardware

Refers to the physical components of the computer system. It is the tangible part of the system which includes input, process, output and storage device.

Input devices

Used to enter data into computer. These include keyboard, the mouse, joystick, scanners, and microphone.

is used to key In data into memory of the computer. It is used to type

in commands of certain program.

MouseIs a pointing device that is move

around the computer screen to select a command.

KEYBOARD

JOYSTICK

• helps you control the movement of people and objects in many computer games.

• Scanner• Works like a photocopy machine. It allows you

to transfer pictures and photographs to your computer.

• Microphone

• Can capture sounds or voices for recording of effects.

CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU)

“Is the heart and brain” of the computer. It contains the electronic circuits that

actually cause the processing of data to occur. It directs the computer on where the data

must be stored, what instruction to execute, how to perform requested operations,

where to place the results.

CPU

Output deviceO Are used to give out processed data

from the memory unit of the computer.

O Output unit devices are: 1. Printer – produce hard copy converts electronic or digital text and images into printed form.2. Monitor – display the software being used and also the results obtained after data processing.3. VDU ( Visual Display Unit )4. CTR ( cathode ray tube )

Auxiliary Storage Devices

O Device keep instruction and data when they are not being used by the CPU.

Auxiliary devices are:• CD• DVD• Diskette• Flash drive• Hard disk

softwareO Specifies the sequence of operations

and task to be performed.

Operating system (OS)

O Consist of one or more programs that manage the operations of computer.

Examples of operating system:• Windows 2000• Windows XP• Vista• Windows 7

3 Classification According to the data handles

1. Analog computer

2. Digital computer

3. Hybrid computer

- This computer combines the measuring of the analog computer and the logical control capabilities of a digital computer

3 classification according to PURPOSE

1.Business Computer

- Cater to the needs of the business community

2. Scientific computer- Expected to handle numerical data

to a higher degree of accuracy

3. General – purpose computer = this kind of computer we use in school.

4 classification according to size

1. Microcomputer – a synonym for the more common term, Personal computer (PC)

2. Minicomputer- functioned as a multi-user system for a several hundred users.

3. Mainframe computers- used for such application of payroll computations, accounting business, transactions and engineering computations

4. Supercomputers- extremely powerful computer that performs at or near the currently highest operational rate for computers. Such as: weather forecasting, aircraft designs and nuclear energy.

Hint: Study the following words

O ComputerO DataO Data processingO Manual data processingO Electronic data processingO Cycle of data processingO Computer systemO Why is a computer so POWERFUL?O What are computers cannot do?

O HardwareO SoftwareO CPUO Input devicesO Output devicesO Auxiliary devicesO SoftwareO Operating systemO Classification of computersO Classification according to the type of data handleO Classification according to purposeO Classification according to size.

Grade 6ADELANTE! Prepared by: Ms. Requiso