What is an Apparatus? and other essays - giorgio agemben

8/13/2019 What is an Apparatus? and other essays - giorgio agemben

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H S P R U

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nf rd Univcrs l PS a l f or ia

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C

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T l ' N

E l ht ansl tio of C< ryc have am d d de aou t th u-

tho ' t isti ctiv I i sl Md m ag2 3w mt R ssi b J kk l .We w u tthank G g g s g n us ssiswh ch h si p v t g d a u a

r .


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Wh I A ?

I

m l al que i e po i ph . A h l s Ih eh e e

e h mh u ht h i o o y p i ph u l

wa s a h l Pv d idea, or e h ,

l i L r rr e t ehe nol m e ge me r c .

h h oh sh se h h

w sp s to " p u i E l h ah le he r y o ouc u 'sh h H u q pe l h i 1970s

i s hev m r e of "

T e v s p de i e


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e o om h g ke n n 1 :

W I'm y n l t h m i , st for mo o o hly r g e et on i iof discours s u ionh lf m ,re utory d isio s w, administr t ve ,ie tist t m n s oi m r l, h l nt ropic

ropo i i s d a a he dSu h r h n of th r Th a t s lf t n two at n b bli hed w n t

l m . . . y h p r s e n k nd of f -

t o o sp ha t gi v hi r mom e t aitsm r fu c o rs o to u n y. The p -r tus t r for a m n nt tr a c fun o . ..

. . . I d h h n tur on p u essen lst t gi w n th t wre k ng a out r in m u on of r tion f foof a t

d concr t v n ion in th l n of for esso s to v o t m n pr ti la d t , bl kt m (0 b iz th m ndu h m Thppara usi alw ys inscri d o p y of powbu it i o wa ink d to c t mi othat ari f o t and to qu dn i i n t.T appar tus s y t i : s o ra i of hr lati s of fo c u orin nd p or d yrt n

p s o ow 2

e s m e o

I ge ou c u e , o g


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Wlt

s e ng sco ut sngss p e e s s, p osop lp op s

t ns so o p r us f s o t s s b sh m s

. Th t s s r st t -g o d s s powe

l t o

As s at th e t on f o oo

I o e o o bof se m st h o k f Fou u

o e or o xA h d of h 196s, or o

s gThe Arc olo ofKnowl dg ,F c u does o h pp tu ord e obj of s s ch I aeus

h e m !po t v y mo ogne ho of ispos t g n o off n d fn ioI o e s e m se ou t o s

t l f o d ook J i e Int o u n

la h J h ' He l.Yo p o l o gk o Hp


15/35

a App ? so o e f to a a my

pp l wa s t h

khJ e h n V [t atofo E o l s ] a tE e o a

t t o p ol s oo e R o t h o s s p

a o a H sto : I e o PoD t o h o t ls t a t o gel s y a

795 6 :T t s h S t o C sa I s a o w

t s h Po t v y o DPositivi chr ich R l g on)A o to p ol t " " oa k l' t o ht la t po v t s H

t opp w a l lt o at a l l la om aso

t d v p o h op ss s t t o l s l

t a a h sto l ma po e o v a s A og l w s t ol t "

l s t m o l ma o ul a t s t a


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What 5

omm h o o n n msh w t or n e e

H o how th t nw na-tu n i c rp n n h ee o i o om l ti n w

n n h t n th v p ovok t' ita it n

p th o onp H o w :W r no o q n p i of posit v y,we H g ' u e v mtbr ng o d lectic lly- e s y con cious oit lf-pure r ason( h t c d v

ra ti l) d o ti y i thehi o cal d men .Ina c s e e on i os v t

r df n cht nd m d nv t t (h vee m n f g n,dm gh dd a m n o d v r t w ic ethro g nst n m

bfu c t puri o n Bu n s n d th s c u v nhu rh i h ou rs s d op en

tiv y mus b n r o w i a r t a e d dap to n

i W h n w y h c c t ot v ty ec n rf n pers ct v

p v ts h o d He heu g He iv h histo al

m nt t w t u s ih r o on t v u te


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What App ra u?

p w t th t o o o . n l s s ms b l fs n h n o

bo o ng h l b m s p on h v obwh h hw m h l on

n v s a v g n nl l m t t "I m t

o s ,o o l sin w i o onsbe o o c t' no

o o h o m o v o -z h on l wh

h th v i a con o nht o t e st t n h t on m ha m n pl"

I s I -v nc t h p s pp s

h n l s is at h s pt h l to

this h t o tis th s h b ad a t t po ,o n o Hol h g ge h

ou s s t com s o hp fn o o t s t c as


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p ?7u v s ls . uc l ou k ow, l

y rf o h gl

t ns c s l e un ver S , ov n yw Pow Bu ino o h r no or on h r l r in i hou .App a u ,ipo n of f w h co e universal

ou u i gy:no p o h c ht h l y f ow o g n y n yh r nIn

m n n w f omn pp - [ 1h b b

b w n .If w ow r o e the de itio of" pp n o n n o on n on -

i s n u w n o :

. A s r y jurid l e : "A a a u i h of aju me h on in h d io e a a om

h opi on Th i h e io o d id or he n i g l u e o law.

b A e h l i l me nin e w y w

parts o a m hin or of e ani ma b x.th m h i m i ea a aA mil u "The o m arra g di confor-mi y w h pl n


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To ome ex en e r e de n on e n o l . di ona ies t t

ale y l g l r er, e hi m io m nin . Thgmn n e er e e e erc re on

i ori l elo n n r noun que o n l n n h

o W or n l n n r " Th m nly ref rs, t n e i m h m

b hl gu o l u u d ec l dm l r) e r en ee n

ob in n e e o eo d .B eg c c what ise i oic l con x omwhi h h er miginate ?

4O er h t t I o nd y li

ng i volv n nnv e i on h only nb i nin o om i s d

ne olog c l g n l c nr e e o o en

c n n x cn s .E. G k t m oikonom ad v o v e eol g c l fun on Gre k, i e dmn o he o kost e ome) a d, mo e ner , m n m n .


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Is

e Ar e P1 55b21t w hn sm d g u i h a r

wit ra c l t v y u fa e aa r cu ar n v m Whh eF h r h hu he l n d n

c h m c c u ? h y ak a u av y

Wh u pr i ,s n ex r m lyi n i r l m ha t n n e t y fh a e Whe th h h n g d

e en u a uh h f f

u ( , h y), h a a e mag r l s s e f m m n le w w d h e f e

g yh n n sm C r ia fait .

n d v h s s dv s ( he l l e m n r i h g r s ngG as ch

n Ir aeu y , n mau tt r t r e e dh

th o onom .h a ume h n k hi : n a e ng subc , n ; si

nom a- h y w wh h hm s sh m , n ha c d-h


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, t t p e s goo h n on th c t on o c c on

hou n so o g os ng hs o r an s y,o n o s ' c no e m dg v r e ofhu n h s o yOik n m a

oe me e l e es gn ng n pt cul th nfth on h th he

yo e e p o an s a on ( h st r -n yn nost c s ct st s c ono y o n ). Th te

n l lyo o t s n uis iea d scou s o s-of th ol o " n "l o

c n y. Oiko mia e me e f t n pp tughh c h Tr n r no ep ov d n gove n nce o he o

o u e o h h i t n tut s of en hap s, h tu tha

g ns h sou0 vo y mov n t o tn d g, r a e e h for au a hat s p in e g o , l y

x t conomy u al o pol t s ) un on e :th s s t sc op e h

o on f o onom al t s ts c st n cu tu e


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1

t n on e o on n o un or e en al -

nc o u ot t eo o n amd C ri n oAl e dy n m n

o xa dr m g h no noo d c d g s t d ede e o

a o o l d um n ory N n l on o u nd menal n ng o t n F h ? D p

int m p f m or r d v om h o

t ta e om x m n ere o e lo l n m di o ou Foc t sp se ome o n ed o og

y T ey n n omw y tra d back hu h den t t s m t m u e

in Godb t o n e oo e d n o rr am r go rn re ed ot tT t m u de e n

g o e re i itn de oid o n o nd n n n

r n a a a uust ys e ou ject c t s to y ey mu od ubj ct


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WhatIs an Apara ?

In li t o t h h ic a n a y h Fo ca qu a p gn d

is ign i c an s h n s t n t nlyw thc x f h h y ng c l pos vy " lso w h ha t t he te H d er ca ll

te (wh h s s m fr m am g fv ie t dis-positio, ponere Gman s l-

s po ds t th La pon r ).Wh HDi ku i K Th Qs in C ngT c hn o gy ), w i s a C - m ans in o -

y sag a ap a s( er ), h he n ey hi m u h ath in g to e th th ( } ll

on [S e m]h (in)s a s m n, a halngs mto e h a ih m d dB ] " hox m t y h s m t h h o o

c l i po i ioa ll a u u 's a s d t. ' Wh t c m on l ms s that they

f th sikonomia , se f c s, b di s o w g , m as s, t tut nsha m t m n e g ve n, n iw y tha p po t b us v gu s nd h ts o h m b i s .

6

On th ho o o p n plha I co -ta t ly ll w n y v n

xts co t tn w c I w h t Feu ac


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Wha a ar o e ph o oph l , s to

h p of h r En wicklun igkeit (e l y c

pa y ob v ope ) th o us n h o nh e he l ov pm n vh ss w en ve w p v p

o n h h e m mw en we w o n y oc e ny he w h

o e ost e e ent u es o heeu i . Ti ea a e d velo eno h xq s o h s re h po n o

h e eit be i o he nt e ut o n p A h h p

h pp mfo pe e h ows s now me o n on he ex yz n n to p o ee on s o nI v e the e o e to don con xo c l h o og h e h e o e

orde t pp s n n wc h p p s th n m v p go e w l g

o ps o s s: on he one h v n (b e ) o o h pp h

livi be s e nc ss n c e On onen o o he o y oh heo o sl a o d ,

h o konom ara kto gov n h m d ood.


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]4 J$

Furt r xpa h y ge c ss Fo -c ldian a paratuses, Ishall l p t

y hi g s s e e y t t re e cept, mode , con rol ors cure e ur s h v s p s discour e l

g s. N nl h r r s s p c s s c ss c r s s -

n s jurd al r ( se t w i n c ne ) ut h p i i gte tu l s p ultur

i a e s av o c ut sl ar t l phonn hy ngug ts lf wh is r apt

st c t p r us s n ch hn t s sof s ga p t nv rt tl ms tu ra ly z t e

ons qu c th a e r ap ve t e gr

b (s s s) p t s s.A d. b -ee t ese s hir l s s j ts ll a s t t c r s r m t r k om ssb l v g

s p r t s s.Na ural y. b c s

su c a m o ovp n m y t s se se e m h vdual he e c b p

lt p e p o bj s ll lp o es t su th t r st ri s


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App 1 c t tz t t st s s f . b g

tus s ur t rr sp ds qm e t p ss subj i c is p p ss t

g b ivit i v i g ss s ; bu s

e su c i b t t mt s s x sq s d r rs d

7

u d l t rg t x- p pit l ve pmt h we v

m m -tus s t s r r si s pi

d t r p r us s t t t i t v s gl st

i l s t l c t t . h t

f t i i w ur r d s

p r tus s? W t r s id st t r, s s i s gg s i t t

x l n tr t g sur s d rs d v d v


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6 ha a aram p b c l ul e eh n ( h c

I ns ninoI v pe a mlab tr r s r us h ch h s h r -ns b w e p pe a th s A

h gh un s e h n ncw n nh w d s roy or c iva e e

s h m n r p sn m s n

h h o op u gt e I n l vth h s s hrigh solu ion b ct s t c r ng ln ca s. appa

u s a a i uugh ch nce b d nt e

um i ha m hu s u h a ma n r e r br c Homosns n c he even t s uce hn nns g ik a v -

n uc s i s m hv s na

eoikonomin i G be w n g ct n h s v s n s ras iv ng b ng an m a a i hip-

m a h h t J k nUexk ll nnH i r m h c c t s

r Th r k r n rr p nof is a i nsh pr uc sn v nb in s b th b m t sp o ss si e ia r a sh i

s nh r n heOp h h s kw as such. by ns uc


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W A ?1

wo . l nw l w i e ely on er h pp u th ow

n w ob gd d ou t hno o ih oug h s pp m n fym l

i h ow sep te f om no joy tn o b g of b e t

the roo of r n oo -o h es ept n u je ih r n ph u h e

pow o thp r t

8 o h th t th y h

o n o h hnno Th ib us t

gwit isli on o h wem n tu d s p tby n fp

u , i t o o be co o I f hI wo l k n w

o pe bo t o t t t h n o h v o kon ly I f i m n ein h Ro a aw igion

o r o ly nn ln e tom ) t on.

in om nw o e en o w h w s


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18 Is

o hi w mo dromf u n tr ongh n : th y oud n i

t r olnor g n cur ty th r r l nqu h oy o o h o g w l

p n y of h o h f

ropr y d " r d or or i o t o d in thi th y w r i p ou Wh tc c " ( th

o o h h om n l o p of n he

r or h n o fr of n r jur r u f r t tru t n o ord th t hi hw s d r

l g ou ut th n to d to h up opy ma

o hi p o lg o hi h m s h p c n m or p o o om o u nd tr n po

p r N r r igtion ut y p t o ont n o

lf o Th tua va a a a a a of in ri h y o l r o

r ( ic H H b M Mnt y v ), i


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Apparatu? 9

s g f methin f p ane e dm h h n e e hed v n Bu w s

n l pa t ed n t d t hn h Prof n the n tu t n usw a d p

d ded

9 th e s t t s n h

m g n ra iz d e ext m tp f e tion h e eg n

fw c n a a n h t e l g a n l y fap e t d b g

o Ch i p d gmf -m h ta t v v nan f hw ld)

an n t td n p t diff e nlp wa ha an

att e t t n t pic lal p b -d p mpl eubj a-

i n ith n ot n on s ui e e e

en e Ot u u t m n, i i p n t u m t

e ga di c u ,di f n g d i l

u h d n d d m a bj


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Isan Appara ?

t ve p of bj a f l c h o

o on t l a na c p f co o t h o t o of

h t o l n , no e t bl f t

o e app t of p a wI h g th om t e p o o e o dI e

b ct m b d t e p o onew b t

w fo a tld e d I n go an be o c n u o

h h p od , u o e co t on ioj

m f e o t j t o n w , t i ti ct iq o

d h pp t w w n t u p of i

o g t a o g od ot o o of h t d bj L A j c

i p c in ev o o jev i a lc d


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at an ppa u

hrou h t neg t on ha o es i h p f t td -

d s t c t ee to o -ll i r t thmp s o ut c o

t p m It h t r th s n lo k Hho l

hims l bec p u e t" u tl pho ppr u- ha v h f th v him o cqu re n b i bu

m h u h h h e t ly, ed p o hp d h s e en

t vi i o l , x r hj n thf u t dm sk t t h u he a ulat o

h p gsH re i th th l a ig s u s

ol h p lppa a es u e to th q o o h m

m f f t i u jt ai n (oi thi e s i i ) o po

pp a n f th ubjpp u o i h h h ci u o i l t ft ihe po he m pp

pt d


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2 W at al A para

.

so e es o se e ve a b sg ru h s e es

u j t ti w oa dgi g nj n n t o s, whd o p pph n fbje s

t s h w ke mov he u s.) i ph f oiko om ha ,

a f g m t t t o -g o h ow a o gh dL ,w t d na i g

of ow have f t s n ht o s h o igna e

si t mes o he s w u s u s je o , h sc w -n n h h h h t k

good emo of he same o h

h ov a i ou f u o ow p g n h h n

fron t m ia h s eve e s is so n -

a x s pti d ad mo racies (th Bl , s has n ff ti gg d he )," w o d do v g t

s d in sm h s h lsve


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W A S?

g e ei op o s, h so b comm e

c oll e l e pp a e oid d b powe- pe ap pre sl b c ofi- pO o i w E

o m mpob o e pass o its tiz sb ve opi pr g o omei t ch o

og i t h ce of e s imi s m m sp g ve l e bn of d o c

ms p b c of e o hof a im prison In e es ofa thority-a d

m be ih o o g ok m to is e oi mem p v e

e ow eve of i , mo e go ew ce w e e e m n , w i

eems os its g s t o e o el s s ( I h m t aevo o s b e ow g t tit n o e e e o h ineR h th hoc m f o w

wi ssg he e o h im ss mot oof m c w c o ceo o i ,as ed he e y

v e v n n t o d; i of rd m o wo d, ma h ( e o


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W aa a ah o o i v io o P o i } i u o

o e T e ob e of e of n on

e oe e u on oo on of wh h b c n h o o mo

lem cannot b y l n g o w o w in

own o o b i io n oe w e n o e o en b ng eUn over b , wh h s b nn n n e

h h po o yol c.

What is an Apparatus? and other essays - giorgio agemben

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