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WHAT “CATCH” MEANS IN ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT? Sachiko TSUJI (FAO) 30/10- 01/11/2012 UNECE TF on Environmental Indicators
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What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Dec 31, 2015

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What “Catch” means in environmental context?. Sachiko TSUJI (FAO). How “catch” is determined – meaning of catch Detailed definition of catch Indication of “catch” in a context of monitoring “environment” - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Page 1: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

WHAT “CATCH” MEANS IN ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT?

Sachiko TSUJI (FAO) 30/10-01/11/2012

UNECE TF on Environmental Indicators

Page 2: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

30/10-01/11/2012UNECE TF on Environmental Indicators

How “catch” is determined – meaning of catch Detailed definition of catch Indication of “catch” in a context of monitoring

“environment”

- We cannot see underneath of water – limitation in available information; invisible, less noticeable

- Aquatic – terrestrial biological dynamics – no difference in principle

Page 3: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

30/10-01/11/2012UNECE TF on Environmental Indicators

Senior Fishery Statistician of FAO Responsible for all Fishery and Aquaculture statistics

disseminated from FAO Participated in development of UN SEEA, CBD - aquatic

Secretary of Coordinating Working Party on Fishery Statistics (CWP) FAO Statutory global coordinating mechanism - 22

organizations as members Objectives - set up standards, concepts and classifications

for fisheries statistics, review information needs, coordination for research and collaboration

Personal background – population dynamics

Page 4: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Dynamics on aquatic stocks, fishing activities, catch and environmental impacts.

What “catch” means ?

Page 5: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Dynamics of biological stock

Page 6: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Dynamics of biological stock

Page 7: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Catch diagram

# boats; Gear technology; Fishing Days

ENSO events;Climate changes

impacts,

CATCH = [Fishing Effort] * [Fish abundance available to fishing]

Page 8: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Sustainable YieldsStock Abundance

Catch

Sustainable Yields Fishing Efforts

Page 9: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Catch diagram

Urbanization; Water front development;

Pollution

# boats; Gear technology; Fishing Days

ENSO events;Climate changes

impacts,

CATCH = [Fishing Effort] * [Fish abundance available to fishing]

Page 10: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Dynamics of biological stock

Page 11: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Dynamics of biological stock -- Impacts of habitat destruction

Page 12: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Dynamics of biological stock -- Combination with aquaculture

Removal of predators; Fertilizing; Blocking fish moves

Release of farmed seeds

Page 13: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

30/10-01/11/2012UNECE TF on Environmental Indicators

Multi-species context

Single population theories not applicable to multi species context: Too complex for modeling Generally lower suitable harvest point; conflict between over-

exploited primary species .vs. under-exploited secondary species “Fished – down” – size change

Big fish and commercially high valued fish removed, first Size of fish getting smaller – matured at small size with young age;

fish becoming thin > lower productivities “Fished – down” – change in species composition

Moving to alternative less preferable species Lowering average trophic level

Page 14: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Small scale .vs. large scale

Page 15: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Identifying measurement and indicators suitable to monitor target events

What to measure ?

Page 16: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

30/10-01/11/2012UNECE TF on Environmental Indicators

Selection criteria of indicators:

Directly measurable, not abstractive concepts: Sensitive and responsive to change in targets: Clear reflective relation to behavior of targets; Cost-effective: Robust and less sensitive to noise: Consistent with public understandings and

technical indications: Adequate time-series:

Page 17: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Concept of catch Diagram

Landing * Conversion factors > NOMINAL CATCH

Landing * Conversion factors > NOMINAL CATCH

Page 18: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

30/10-01/11/2012UNECE TF on Environmental Indicators

Currently available data and indicators Contribution to food security -- FAO

Catch by species and species groups : Retained catch < converted from Landings Trades, disposition by species and species groups

Stock assessment / management purpose -- Regional Fishery Management Organizations (RFMOs) Gross removal (including discards), species-specific Stock indicator – e.g. catch taken by unit effort (CPUE) Stock assessment results of species under management Inventories and summary of stocks assessment results –

FAO SOFIA / FIRMS; ICES

Page 19: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

30/10-01/11/2012UNECE TF on Environmental Indicators

Currently available data and indicators Stocks status as macro-indicators

Average trophic level – EU Indicators Gross removal adjusted with effort indicator (quasi-CPUE) –

SEEA Bio-diversity – CBD for aquatic (FAO) in pipeline

List of aquatic species captured as well as farmed: survey questionnaires in preparation

RFMOs – observer data on incidental-catch, discards, of ecologically related species and vulnerable ecosystem species

List of Protected Areas

Page 20: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

30/10-01/11/2012UNECE TF on Environmental Indicators

UNECE members – data reporting status In general, good data quality and species breakdown;

Belarus, Finland, Kazakhstan, FYR Macedonia, Russian; Serbia, Ukraine

Recently, struggle in communication: No reporting – Armenia (2005), Bosnia and Herzegovina (2007);

Georgia (2005, except marine capture in 2010); Turkmenistan (2005); Uzbekistan (2010)

Some component systematically not reported: Belgium (inland aquaculture); Moldova (no aquaculture since

2005); Montenegro (aquaculture); Tajikistan (no capture since 2005)

Some incomplete or inconsistent among years; Azerbaijan; Kyrgyzstan;

Page 21: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

30/10-01/11/2012UNECE TF on Environmental Indicators

Points for consideration: Indicators of human pressure on environments – important:

Fishing pressure, small and large scale operations Non-fishery human activity pressure – no indicator available Impacts of human intervention – stocking, landscaping, protected area

Clarify the monitoring target: Not possible to monitor biodiversity and human pressure on aquatic

environments with one indicator Direct measurement better than indirect indicators – e.g. for pressure on

aquatic environment, energy use in fishing Clarify a link with policy decision – interpretation and actual utilization

Avoid duplication and build upon available resources: Enhancing overall monitoring capacity Rebuilding historical assessment

Page 22: What “Catch” means in environmental context?

Thank you for your attention!!