What are the types of illegal drugs? o It acts primarily on the nerve cells within the brain. It interferes with communication between nerve cells and.

What are the types of illegal drugs?

o It acts primarily on the nerve cells within the brain. It interferes with communication between nerve cells and all other cells, suppressing the activities of excitatory nerve pathways and increasing the activities of inhibitory nerve pathways.

What are the types of illegal drugs?

Narcotics – substances that induce sleep and relieve paino Opium– derived from the juice of unripe

asian poppy pods

Narcotics – substances that induce sleep and

relieve paino Heroin- most commonly used opium-

based drugo High solubility in water

Narcotics – substances that induce sleep and

relieve paino Morphine

• Codeine – analgesic and cough suppressant

• prepared synthetically from morphine

Narcotics – substances that induce sleep and relieve pain

Narcotics•Synthetic Opiates

▫not naturally derived from opium▫have similar physiological effects on the body

•Methadone▫if a person takes periodic doses, they will not

get high from heroin or morphine•OxyContin

▫oxycodone is closely related to morphine and heroin

▫25 million people abuse this drug

What are the possible effects of Narcotics?

•Euphoria

•Shallow breathing, watery eyes, yawning, cramps

•Loss of appetite, nausea, tremors, panic, chills and sweating

Hallucinogens

ocause marked alterations in normal thought processes, perceptions and moods

osubstances that cause hallucinations, illusions and distorted images

Hallucinogens – o Marijuana – most widely used illicit drug

in the U.S.

o derived from the plant Cannabis

o hashish- sticky resin from seeds

HallucinogensoAngel dust – also known as PCPoPhencyclidineoeasy to make in cladestine labso often mixed with LSD or

amphetamines

osmoked, ingested, or sniffed

ofeelings of strength and invulerability, dreamy sense of detachement, depression, irritability, isolation, paranoia

HallucinogensoLSD (lysergic acid diethylamide – also known as Psychedelics omade from egroto type of fungus that attacks certain grassses

and grainsovivid hallucinations, marked changes in moods, anxiety and tensionoprone to flashbacks and psychotic reations

What are the possible effects of Hallucinogens?

•rapidly changing feelings

•chronic use may cause persistent problems, depression, violent behaviour, anxiety and distorted perception of time

•large doses may cause convulsions, coma, heart and ruptured blood vessels in the brain

Depressantso substances that slow down, or

depress, the central nervous

o used to relieve anxiety, irritability, and tension

DepressantsoAlcohol - is a clear drink that is made from corn, barley, grain, rye, or a beverage containing ethyl alcohol

omost widely used drug in the U.S.obehavioral patterns of alcohol intoxication vary and dependo socal settingo amount consumed

osupresses the brain’s control of thought processes and muscle control

Depressantso Barbiturates – used to overcome

insomnia and treat epilepsyo derivative of barbituric acid

o “downers”

Depressantso Antipsychotics and Antianxiety Drugso generally prodice a relaxing tranquility without

impairing high-thinking faculties or inducing sleep

o Valium and chlopormazine

What are the possible effects of Depressants?

•Small amounts cause calmness and relaxed muscles

•Larger amounts cause slurred speech, impaired judgment, loss of motor coordination

•Very large doses may cause respiratory depression, coma and death

Stimulantsosubstances that stimulate or speed up the central nervous system

odrugs used to increase alertness, relieve fatigue, feel stronger and more decisive; used for euphoric effects

StimulantsoAmphetamineso group of synthetic stimulants that share a smiliar chemical structure (“uppers”

or “speed”)

o feeling of well-being, incerased alertness, decrese in fatigue, and loss of apetite

o restlessness, instability, apprehension,and depression when it wears off

StimulantsoCocaine – white powder from coca trees.o Sigmund Freud-experimentso originally used as a local painkiller or anesthetico similar effects as amphetamines

oCrack-o concaine mixed with baking soda and water

coca

StimulantsoCaffeine – found in tea, coffee, cola drinks and chocolate

tea

What are the possible effects of stimulants?

•increased heart and respiratory rates•elevated blood pressure•dilated pupils and decreased appetite•high doses may cause rapid or irregular

heartbeat• loss of coordination •a feeling of restlessness, anxiety and

delusions

DESIGNER DRUGS/ Club Drugs•Are synthetic drugs that produce effects similar to

existing illegal drugs.

•Manufactured in chemical laboratories and homes and sold illegally.

• Include Ecstasy, GHB, Roofies, ketamine, methamphetamine

STEROIDS•Anabolic Steroids are artificial testosterone

hormones that produce muscle growth and male characteristics

• Two Forms: Injectable and Pills

•EFFECTS:Mood Swings “roid rage”, acne, liver tumors, elevated cholesterol levels, hypertension, kidney disease, immune system disturbances.

A or B.1. Which is the likely effect of uppers or

stimulants?

A. Promotes relaxation and sleep

B. Increases alertness and mental activity

B

A or B.2. Which substance is classified as

depressant?

A. Alcohol or liquor

B. Cocaine

A

A or B.3. Which substance is not classified as

inhalant?

A. Rugby

B. Marijuana

B

A or B.4. A person abusing this type of drug may

have a disoriented direction, distance and time. The drug user may speak of “hearing” colors and “seeing” sounds. Which type of drugs is being described?

A. Depressants

B. Hallucinogens

B

A or B.5. Which of the following explains why

drugs are being abused?

A. To engage in wholesome and productive activities.

B. To ease depression, boredom, misery and pain

B

A or B.6. The young athlete is talking to the

press. He has just signed a contract with Boston Celtics. Every one agrees that his future looks bright. There is a party after the signing. People surround him. One “friend” gives him some morphine tablets. The athlete thinks, “just once can’t hurt.” But it can: he dies from an accidental morphine overdose.

A or B.6. Which sign indicates that the athlete

abused the drug morphine?

A. He lost interest in his career.B. He became careless and lost self-

control.

B

A or B.7. Morphine is an example of what type of

drug?

A. StimulantsB. Narcotics

B

A or B.8. Mary knew that Marvin was a recovering

addict. Marvin was glad that she had called. He said, “That’s one of the things that helped me when I decided to quit using.”

This conversation indicates that drug abuse can be treated through _________.

A. Seeking help if problems cannot be dealt anymore.

B. Developing strong moral foundations in life.

A

A or B.9. Marvin’s case is just a part of a global

concern against drug abuse. Which of the following is the best way to heighten awareness and campaign against drug abuse?

A. Institution of heavy penalties against drug pushers only.

B. Sincere action on the part of the government, school and the community as a whole.

B