Westward Expansion A changing United States. Industrial Revolution Began in 18th century Great Britain Many of the same resources found in the US – American.

Westward ExpansionWestward Expansion

A changing United States A changing United States

Industrial Revolution Industrial Revolution

• Began in 18th century Great Britain • Many of the same resources found in

the US – American trade came to a halt with

blockades – Americans needed to invest their capital– Develop industries for manufacturing

• Began in 18th century Great Britain • Many of the same resources found in

the US – American trade came to a halt with

blockades – Americans needed to invest their capital– Develop industries for manufacturing

New England Industrializes New England Industrializes

• Changed from port cities to manufacturing

• 1793: Samuel Slater- first mechanized textile factory in America– Cotton Mill-

manufactured thread

• Changed from port cities to manufacturing

• 1793: Samuel Slater- first mechanized textile factory in America– Cotton Mill-

manufactured thread

Slater Mill

New England IndustrializesNew England Industrializes

• 1813-mechanized all stages in cloth manufacturing

• 1822: Lowell Mills opened – Attracted

thousands– Offer cash wages

• 1813-mechanized all stages in cloth manufacturing

• 1822: Lowell Mills opened – Attracted

thousands– Offer cash wages

Agriculture DifferencesAgriculture Differences

• North• Small areas of

farm land• Mostly Self-

Sufficient • Little demand for

slaves

• North• Small areas of

farm land• Mostly Self-

Sufficient • Little demand for

slaves

• South • Remained

agricultural center of country

• Cotton Gin: accelerated expansion of slavery

• South • Remained

agricultural center of country

• Cotton Gin: accelerated expansion of slavery

Eli Whitney’s Cotton GinEli Whitney’s Cotton Gin

• Before Cotton Gin workers cleaned 1 lb. of cotton per day

• After 1 worker cleaned 50 lbs. per day

• Before Cotton Gin workers cleaned 1 lb. of cotton per day

• After 1 worker cleaned 50 lbs. per day

The American SystemThe American SystemThe American SystemThe American System

• 1815: Plan designed to unite national economic interest

• North: produce goods the South & West would buy

• South & West: raise grain & meat for North to buy

• 1815: Plan designed to unite national economic interest

• North: produce goods the South & West would buy

• South & West: raise grain & meat for North to buy

The American SystemThe American System

* Tariff of 1816

* Second Bank of the U. S.

*Internal improvements at federal expense. - National Road

Henry Clay,Henry Clay,““The GreatThe Great

CompromiserCompromiser””

The American SystemThe American System

* WESTWEST got roads, canals, and got roads, canals, and federal aide. federal aide.

EASTEAST got the backing of got the backing of protective tariffs from the protective tariffs from the West. West.

Tariff of 1816Tariff of 1816

• Tariff - put in place to take away the foreign advantage – Would pay for roads, canals & lighthouses

• North: liked idea b/c it helped their manufacturing

• South: disagreed b/c they did not depend on manufacturing

• Tariff - put in place to take away the foreign advantage – Would pay for roads, canals & lighthouses

• North: liked idea b/c it helped their manufacturing

• South: disagreed b/c they did not depend on manufacturing

Second National Bank of the USSecond National Bank of the US

• National bank would benefit all regions • Regions were issuing their own money

– Banks & businesses only honored their regional currency

• Made business difficult

• 1816: Second National Bank creates national currency – 20 year charter

• National bank would benefit all regions • Regions were issuing their own money

– Banks & businesses only honored their regional currency

• Made business difficult

• 1816: Second National Bank creates national currency – 20 year charter

Internal Improvements: Erie CanalInternal Improvements: Erie Canal

• 363 miles long • Links the Hudson

River to Lake Erie • Canal tolls paid for

construction in 12 years

• Made NYC dominant port of country

• Other states build 3,000 miles of canal by 1837

• 363 miles long • Links the Hudson

River to Lake Erie • Canal tolls paid for

construction in 12 years

• Made NYC dominant port of country

• Other states build 3,000 miles of canal by 1837

Election of 1816Election of 1816

• James Monroe of Virginia elected

• Last leader of revolutionary generation to be elected

• During administration country grew at amazing rate

• James Monroe of Virginia elected

• Last leader of revolutionary generation to be elected

• During administration country grew at amazing rate

John Quincy Adams John Quincy Adams

• Secretary of State• Lets national

interest guide foreign policy

• Secretary of State• Lets national

interest guide foreign policy

Nationalism & Foreign PolicyNationalism & Foreign Policy• Security & Expansion • British

– Demilitarize common border – Border at 49th parallel up to the

Rockies– Jointly occupy Oregon Territory

• Spanish– Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)

• Ceded Florida to United States

• Security & Expansion • British

– Demilitarize common border – Border at 49th parallel up to the

Rockies– Jointly occupy Oregon Territory

• Spanish– Adams-Onis Treaty (1819)

• Ceded Florida to United States

Missouri Compromise Missouri Compromise

• 1820 • Missouri wanted to join union as a

slave state• Maine joins as a free state

– Preserves the Balance in Senate

• 1820 • Missouri wanted to join union as a

slave state• Maine joins as a free state

– Preserves the Balance in Senate

Monroe Doctrine-1823Monroe Doctrine-1823

• Renewal of European interest in Western Hemisphere– Caused Monroe to adopt a nationalist

foreign policy

• During a message to Congress Monroe warned: – European countries not to interfere in

Western hemisphere affairs

• Renewal of European interest in Western Hemisphere– Caused Monroe to adopt a nationalist

foreign policy

• During a message to Congress Monroe warned: – European countries not to interfere in

Western hemisphere affairs

Adams Foreign Policy Adams Foreign Policy