Lubricator Lubricator is the term used for sections of pressure tested pipe that act to seal in wireline tools during pressurization. As stated it is a series of pipe's that connect and it is what holds the tool string so operators can make runs in and out of the well. It has valves to bleed off pressure so that you can disconnect it from the well and work on tools, etc. [edit ]Pump-In Sub Pump-in subs (also known as a flow T) allow for the injection of fluid into the pressure control string. Normally these are used for wellsite pressure testing, which is typically performed between every run into the well. They can also be used to bleed off pressure from the string after a run in the well, or to pump in kill fluids to control a wild well. [edit ]Grease Injector Head The grease injector head is the main apparatus for controlling well pressure while running into the hole. The grease head uses a series of very small pipes, called flow tubes, to decrease the pressure head of the well. Grease is injected at high pressure into the bottom portion of the grease head to counteract the remaining well pressure. [edit ]Pack-Off Sub Pack-off subs utilize grease pressure on a rubber sealing element to create an impermeable seal around the wireline. pack-off subs can be hand pumped or compressed through a motorized pumping unit. [edit ]Line Wiper A line wiper operates in much the same way as a pack-off sub, except that the rubber element is much softer. Grease pumps exert force on the rubber element until a light pressure is exerted on the wireline, cleaning grease and well fluid off the line in the process. [edit ]Quick Test Sub A Quick Test Sub (QTS) is used when pressure testing the pressure control equipment (PCE) that will be used during explosives operations. The PCE is pressure tested and then broke at the QTS. The explosives are then attached to the tool string and pulled back in to the lubricator. The PCE is then reconnected at the QTS. The QTS has two O-rings where it was disconnected that can be tested with hydraulic pressure to confirm the PCE can still hold the pressure it was tested to. [edit ]Ball-Check Valve If the wireline were to become severed from the tool, a ball check valve can seal the well off from the surface. During wireline operations, a steel ball sits to the side of a confined area within the grease head while the cable runs in and out of the hole. If the wireline exits that confined area under pressure, the pressure will force the steel ball up towards the hole
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LubricatorLubricator is the term used for sections of pressure tested pipe that act to seal in wireline tools during pressurization. As stated it is a series of pipe's that connect and it is what holds the tool string so operators can make runs in and out of the well. It has valves to bleed off pressure so that you can disconnect it from the well and work on tools, etc.
[edit]Pump-In SubPump-in subs (also known as a flow T) allow for the injection of fluid into the pressure control string. Normally these are used for wellsite pressure testing, which is typically performed between every run into the well. They can also be used to bleed off pressure from the string after a run in the well, or to pump in kill fluids to control a wild well.
[edit]Grease Injector HeadThe grease injector head is the main apparatus for controlling well pressure while running into the hole. The grease head uses a series of very small pipes, called flow tubes, to decrease the pressure head of the well. Grease is injected at high pressure into the bottom portion of the grease head to counteract the remaining well pressure.
[edit]Pack-Off SubPack-off subs utilize grease pressure on a rubber sealing element to create an impermeable seal around the wireline. pack-off subs can be hand pumped or compressed through a motorized pumping unit.
[edit]Line WiperA line wiper operates in much the same way as a pack-off sub, except that the rubber element is much softer. Grease pumps exert force on the rubber element until a light pressure is exerted on the wireline, cleaning grease and well fluid off the line in the process.
[edit]Quick Test SubA Quick Test Sub (QTS) is used when pressure testing the pressure control equipment (PCE) that will be used during explosives operations. The PCE is pressure tested and then broke at the QTS. The explosives are then attached to the tool string and pulled back in to the lubricator. The PCE is then reconnected at the QTS. The QTS has two O-rings where it was disconnected that can be tested with hydraulic pressure to confirm the PCE can still hold the pressure it was tested to.
[edit]Ball-Check ValveIf the wireline were to become severed from the tool, a ball check valve can seal the well off from the surface. During wireline operations, a steel ball sits to the side of a confined area within the grease head while the cable runs in and out of the hole. If the wireline exits that confined area under pressure, the pressure will force the steel ball up towards the hole where the wireline had been. The ball's diameter is larger than that of the hole, so the ball effectively seals off pressure to the surface.
[edit]Head CatcherA head catcher is a device placed at the top of the lubricator section. Should the wireline tools be forced into the top of the lubricator section, the head catcher, which looks like a small 'claw,' will clamp down on the fishing neck of the tool. This action prevents the tools from falling downhole should the line pull out of the rope socket. Pressure is bled off of the head catcher to release the tools.
[edit]Tool TrapA tool trap has the same purpose as a head catcher in that it prevents the tools from inadvertently dropping down the hole.
Well interventionFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Well intervention vessel Sarah with X-bow.
A well intervention, or 'well work', is any operation carried out on an oil or gas well during, or at the end of its productive life, that alters the state of the well and or well geometry, provides well diagnostics or manages the production of the well.
Rotary steerable systemFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Rotary Steerable Systems)
This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2007)
A rotary steerable system (RSS) is a new form of drilling technology used in directional drilling. It employs
the use of specialized downhole equipment to replace conventional directional tools such as mud
motors.They are generally programmed by the MWD engineer or directional driller who transmits
commands using surface equipment (typically using either pressure fluctuations in the mud column or
variations in the drill string rotation) which the tool understands and gradually steers into the desired
direction. In other words, a tool designed to drill directionally with continuous rotation from the surface,
Completion (oil and gas wells)From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This article is about the oil or gas well completion. For other uses of completion, see Completion
(disambiguation)
This article does not cite any references or sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2012)
In petroleum production, completion is the process of making a well ready for production (or injection).
This principally involves preparing the bottom of the hole to the required specifications, running in
theproduction tubing and its associated down hole tools as well as perforating and stimulating as required.
Sometimes, the process of running in and cementing the casing is also included.
high pressure and high speed gas flow (TNT or PETN up to 1,900,000 psi (13,000,000 kPa) ) and
(propellant stimulation up to 4,000 psi (28,000 kPa) ).
[edit]Acidising and fracturing (combined method)
This involves use of explosives and injection of chemicals to increase acid-rock contact.
[edit]Nitrogen circulation
Sometimes, productivity may be hampered due to the residue of completion fluids, heavy brines, in the
wellbore. This is particularly a problem in gas wells. In these cases, coiled tubing may be used to
pumpnitrogen at high pressure into the bottom of the borehole to circulate out the brine.
Mud tankFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The mud tank is the long gray container
A mud tank is an open-top container, typically made of square steel tube & steel plate, to store drilling
fluid on a drilling rig. They are also called mud pits, because they used to be nothing more than pits dug out