WELDING HEAVY STRUCTURAL STEEL—SUCCESSFULLY DUANE K. MILLER Duane K. Miller, P.E., Sc.D, is Manager of Engineering Services, The Lincoln Electric Company, Cleveland, Ohio. A recognized expert in the field of Welding Engineering with a specialization in the design of welded connections, he lectures and conducts seminars worldwide. On three occasions, he has been awarded the AWS Silver Quill Award for the excellence of his published work. In 2005, he received AISC’s Lifetime Achievement Award. He has authored and co-authored chapters of many texts, including the AISC Design Guide on Welding and the Mark’s Handbook of Engineering, 10th Edition. ABSTRACT Welding heavy structural steel entails certain challenges. As steel plate becomes thicker, as shapes become heavier, and as assemblies become more restrained, construction problems are more likely. After reviewing the background and history of welding on thick, restrained steel, this paper explains that there are four categories of challenges that must be taken into account: high shrinkage strains; high restraint; cracks and/or crack-like stress raisers; and reduced material resistance to fracture. To maximize resistance to cracking, all four areas must be considered. Residual shrinkage stresses and restraint should be reduced, the number and size of cracks minimized, and the resistance to fracture increased. Practical, field-proven examples of how these objectives can be achieved are described in 38 principles. Whereas not all of them will have to be applied to each and every job, appropriately incorporating these principles into the design, detailing, fabrication, erection and inspection of welded projects involving heavy structural steel will lead to success.
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