Welcome to Social Psychology: Lecture #1 topics Who is So-Jin Kang? Your expectations for this course Course syllabus Research in social psychology.

Welcome to Social Psychology:Lecture #1 topics

Who is So-Jin Kang? Your expectations for this course Course syllabus Research in social psychology

What is social psychology? Correlational designs vs. experimental designs Examples of experiments with 1 vs. 2 independent

variables

Introduction:Who is So-Jin Kang?

Your expectations:What do you want from this course?

What do you hope to gain from this course? What 3 qualities make a good instructor? Tell me 3 interesting things about yourself.

REMEMBER: Keep this anonymous!

What is social psychology?

the _________ study of how _________ think, feel, and behave in regards to _________ .

how individuals’ thoughts, feelings, and behaviours are affected by others

Why study social psychology?

BEAUTY AND BRAINS DON’T MIX:

Attractive people are seen as less smart

than unattractive people.

For example…


vs


PEOPLE WILL LIKE AN ACTIVITY MORE

IF YOU REWARD THEM:

They come to associate positive reinforcement

with the activity.


PLAYING VIOLENT VIDEO GAMES

RELEASES AGGRESSION:

People will be less likely to vent their

anger in other violent ways.


hindsight bias:

_________ our ability to have predicted an

outcome _________ the outcome is known.

Correlational designs

measure the _________ between variables _________ manipulated by the researcher

correlations tell us: how _________ 2 measures are how well 1 variable can _________ another


- _________ ≥ r ≥ + _________

r = _________ of relationship

+ / - = _________ of relationship


If r = +1.00:

0

1

2

3

4

0 1 2 3 4

Self-Esteem

Po

pu

lari

ty


If r = -1.00:

0

1

2

3

4

0 1 2 3 4

Stress

Hap

pin

ess


If r = 0.00:

0

1

2

3

4

0 1 2 3 4

Flossing Frequency

Rai

nfa

ll


Main advantage:

lets you examine relations between variables that are _________ / _________ to _________

Main disadvantage:

_________ ≠ _________


If x and y are correlated, it could be because:

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ AND _________


An example:

If self-esteem and popularity are positively

correlated, it could be because:

_________ _________ _________ _________ _________ _________ AND _________

Experimental designs

establish _________ relationships between variables

_________ 1 or 2 variables to see the effect on another variable

TWO KEY CHARACTERISTICS: _________ _________


EXPERIMENTAL CONTROL IS ACHIEVED BY: _________ procedure, setting, behaviour _________ of 1 or 2 variables at a time

independent variable (IV):

variable that is _________

dependent variable (DV):

variable that is _________


RANDOM ASSIGNMENT:

all participants have _________ chance of receiving a given manipulation

idiosyncratic factors _________ in all conditions ensures no systematic differences between

conditions, EXCEPT for _________ itself

Experiment with 1 independent variable

independent

variable

dependent

variable

conceptual

variables

operational

variables

type of TV show

# punches to

Bobo doll

HYPOTHESIS: TV violence causes aggression.

Experiment with 1 independent variable

0123456789

10

Sesame Street Sopranos

TV show

# o

f p

un

ches

th

row

n

RESULTS:

Experiment with 2 independent variables

independent

variable #1

independent

variable #2

dependent

variable

conceptual

variables

operational

variables

type of TV show

temperature of lab room

# punches to

Bobo doll

HYPOTHESIS: TV violence causes aggression,

but ONLY in hot temperatures.


RESEARCH DESIGN:

Cool room

(20C)

Hot room

(35C)

Sopranos Sesame Street

Sopranos Sesame Street

# of punches to Bobo

doll

? ? ? ?


0123456789

10111213


TV show

# o

f p

un

ches

th

row

n

Cool room

Hot room

RESULTS: main effect for _________

main effect for _________

interaction between _________ & _________


main effect:

_________ all other independent variables,

_________ effect of 1 independent variable on the

dependent variable

interaction:

when the effect of 1 independent variable on the

dependent variable _________ on the _________

of the 2nd independent variable.


3 33

13

0123456789

10111213


TV show

# o

f p

un

ches

th

row

n

Cool room

Hot room

MAIN EFFECT FOR TV SHOW:

0123456789

10111213


TV show

# o

f p

un

ches

th

row

n average # of punches thrown by Sesame Street viewers = _________ average # of punches thrown by Sopranos viewers = _________

REGARDLESS of temperature, Sopranos viewers threw _________ punches than Sesame Street viewers.


3 33

13

0123456789

10111213


TV show

# o

f p

un

ches

th

row

n

Cool room

Hot room

MAIN EFFECT FOR TEMPERATURE:

0123456789

10111213

Cool room Hot room

Room temperature

# o

f p

un

ches

th

row

n average # of punches thrown by people in cool room = _________ average # of punches thrown by people in hot room = _________

REGARDLESS of TV show, people in the hotter room threw _________ punches thanpeople in the cooler room.


3 33

13

0123456789

10111213


TV show

# o

f p

un

ches

th

row

n

Cool room

Hot room

INTERACTION: no effect of temperature among Sesame Street viewers

large effect of temperature on Sopranos viewers: _________

viewers were _________

violent than _________

viewers


Main advantage:

lets you establish _________ relations between variables

Main disadvantage:

findings may not be _________ to different populations, settings (_________ validity)

Welcome to Social Psychology: Lecture #1 topics Who is So-Jin Kang? Your expectations for this course Course syllabus Research in social psychology.

Documents