Week  5

Chapter 5

Chapter 5:Server Installation

Chapter 5

Learning Objectives

Make installation, hardware, and site-Make installation, hardware, and site-specific preparations to install Windows specific preparations to install Windows 2000 Server2000 Server

Install Windows 2000 Server using Install Windows 2000 Server using different methods, including from a CD-different methods, including from a CD-ROM, from the installation disks, over a ROM, from the installation disks, over a network, unattended, and from another network, unattended, and from another operating systemoperating system

Chapter 5

Learning Objectives (continued)

Go through a Windows 2000 Server Go through a Windows 2000 Server installation step by step, and test the installation step by step, and test the installationinstallation

Upgrade a Windows NT server and Upgrade a Windows NT server and domaindomain

Create an emergency repair diskCreate an emergency repair disk

Chapter 5

Troubleshooting Tip

Obtain the latest device drivers before Obtain the latest device drivers before you start the installation, such as those you start the installation, such as those for the NIC, HAL.dll (for SMP for the NIC, HAL.dll (for SMP computers), SCSI adapters, CD-ROM computers), SCSI adapters, CD-ROM drives, RAID arraysdrives, RAID arrays

Chapter 5

Make Important Decisions in Advance

How to partition the disk or disksHow to partition the disk or disks What file system(s) to useWhat file system(s) to use What to name the serverWhat to name the server What password to use for the Administrator What password to use for the Administrator

accountaccount What protocols to useWhat protocols to use What licensing method to useWhat licensing method to use Whether to make the server a DCWhether to make the server a DC

Chapter 5

Decide Whether to Set Upa Dual Boot System

Other systems that can reside on the Other systems that can reside on the same server as Windows 2000 Server same server as Windows 2000 Server include MS-DOS, Windows 3.x, include MS-DOS, Windows 3.x, Windows 95, and Windows 98 Windows 95, and Windows 98

Chapter 5

Partitioning

If you create FAT and NTFS partitions, create the FAT partition before you start (or leave an existing FAT partition if you create a dual boot system)

Chapter 5

Boot.ini File

The Boot.ini file on the system partition The Boot.ini file on the system partition contains information about the location contains information about the location of both operating systems in a dual boot of both operating systems in a dual boot configurationconfiguration

Chapter 5

Sample Boot.ini File

Figure 5-2 Boot.ini fileFigure 5-2 Boot.ini file

Chapter 5

FAT Partitions

Windows 2000 will format a 2 GB or Windows 2000 will format a 2 GB or smaller partition as FAT16 and a smaller partition as FAT16 and a partition larger than 2 GB as FAT32partition larger than 2 GB as FAT32

Chapter 5

Server Naming

Use a name that is easy to type Use a name that is easy to type Make the name descriptive of the Make the name descriptive of the

server’s function or of the organizationserver’s function or of the organization Select a name that is easy to remember Select a name that is easy to remember

and useand use Make sure the name is not already used Make sure the name is not already used

on the networkon the network

Chapter 5

Administrator Password

Use a “strong” or difficult-to-guess password Use a “strong” or difficult-to-guess password for the critical Administrator accountfor the critical Administrator account

Characteristics of a strong password:Characteristics of a strong password: Over seven characters longOver seven characters long Has a combination of letters, numbers, and Has a combination of letters, numbers, and

symbolssymbols Includes at least one symbol in characters Includes at least one symbol in characters

two through sixtwo through six

Chapter 5

Protocol Selection

Consider using the default TCP/IP setup Consider using the default TCP/IP setup as a starting point and add other as a starting point and add other protocols later as neededprotocols later as needed

Chapter 5

Licensing Methods

Per server licensing: A server software Per server licensing: A server software license based on the maximum number license based on the maximum number of clients that log on to the server at one of clients that log on to the server at one timetime

Per seat licensing: A server software Per seat licensing: A server software license that requires that there be license that requires that there be enough licenses for all network client enough licenses for all network client workstationsworkstations

Chapter 5

Initial Server Installation

Standalone server: A server that is not a Standalone server: A server that is not a member of a domain, but that is a member of an member of a domain, but that is a member of an existing workgroup or that establishes its own existing workgroup or that establishes its own workgroup, such as in peer-to-peer networkingworkgroup, such as in peer-to-peer networking

Member server: A server that is a member of an Member server: A server that is a member of an existing Windows 2000 domain, but that does existing Windows 2000 domain, but that does not function as a domain controllernot function as a domain controller

(Either type of server can be later set up as a (Either type of server can be later set up as a domain controller)domain controller)

Chapter 5

Installation Options

CD-ROM onlyCD-ROM only Floppy disk and CD-ROMFloppy disk and CD-ROM Network installationNetwork installation Installation from an existing operating Installation from an existing operating

systemsystem Unattended installationUnattended installation

Chapter 5

Installation Programs

Use Winnt.exe from scratch (installation Use Winnt.exe from scratch (installation disks or CD-ROM) and from computers disks or CD-ROM) and from computers already booted from MS-DOS or already booted from MS-DOS or Windows 3.xWindows 3.x

Use Winnt32.exe from computers Use Winnt32.exe from computers already booted from Windows 95/98, already booted from Windows 95/98, Windows NT, or Windows 2000 (for an Windows NT, or Windows 2000 (for an upgrade)upgrade)

Chapter 5

Command-line Switches for Winnt

Switch Purpose

/? Lists the switches for Winnt

/a Initiates the accessibility options for those who have visual, hearing, or movement disabilities

/e:command Executes a command after the Windows portion of the setup, such as to start a program or

open the Control Panel

/i:initialization filename Specifies that you are using an initialization file other than the default, Dosnet.inf (this

initialization file shows where installation files are located)

/r:foldername Creates an optional folder of files copied from the Windows 2000 Server CD-ROM (the

folder remains after the installation is completed)

/rx:folder Creates an optional folder of files copied from the Windows 2000 Server CD-ROM (the

folder is deleted after the installation is completed)

Chapter 5

Command-line Switches for Winnt (continued)

Switch Purpose

/s:drive:\folder

/s:\\ server\share\folder

Use a path for the installation files other than the current path

/t:drive\folder Copy the temporary files used by the installation to a specified location (otherwise they are

copied to the target drive of the installation)

/u:script file Used in an unattended installation to specify the name of the script file containing installation

commands and should be used with the /s command

udf:id Enables a uniqueness database file to be used with an unattended installation so that

particular information in the script can be changed, such as the name of the server (id

specifies the name of the database file, such as udf:install.dbf)

Chapter 5

Command-line Switches for Winnt32

Switch Purpose

/? Lists the switches for Winnt32

/checkupgradeonly Creates only a report to tell you if the computer is compatible with Windows 2000 (the

report is called Upgrade.txt for computers running Windows 95/98 and Winnt32.log for

computers running Windows NT 3.51 or 4.0)

/cmd:command Executes a command before the Windows portion of the setup is completed and just after

you have provided configuration information

/comdcons Adds a Recovery Console option to the BOOT.INI file so that you can fix problems with

an installation

/copydir:folder Creates a special subfolder in the final Winnt directory, usually implemented for

information specific to that installation, such as to store specialized drivers for use only

during the installation (the folder is deleted after the installation is completed)

Chapter 5

Command-line Switches for Winnt32 (continued)

Switch Purpose

/copysource:folder Creates a special subfolder in the final Winnt directory, usually implemented for information

specific to that installation, such as to store specialized drivers for use during the installation or

to store for later use (the folder is retained after the installation is completed)

/debug level:file Creates a file to help you debug installation problems, on the basis of the level you specify

(Winnt32.log is the default if no file is specified; levels are 0=major errors, 1=errors,

2=warnings, 3=information, 4=detailed information)

/m:folder Enables you install files from the default installation folders on the CD-ROM and from a folder

you specify with the /m command – if the installation finds two files of the same name, it uses

the file in the folder specified by /m

/makelocalsource Copies the CD-ROM source files to the same disk that is designated for the Winnt folder

(enabling you to later install additional services or components from your local hard disk)

Chapter 5

Command-line Switches for Winnt32 (continued)

Switch Purpose

/noreboot Does not automatically reboot after files are copied to the hard disk, enabling you to

run a command in the interim such as to check the dates on driver files for the most

current versions

/s:drive:\folder

/s:\\ server\share\folder

Uses a path for the installation files other than the current path – also enables you to

copy files from two or more sources by specifying multiple /s commands

/syspart:drive Enables you to copy the files used by setup to a hard drive, remove the hard drive, and

install it in another computer (can be used by computer manufacturers who install the

first phase, but leave the second phase of the installation to the purchaser to specify

parameters unique to her or his site like the server name; must be used with /tempdrive)

Chapter 5

Command-line Switches for Winnt32 (continued)

Switch Purpose

/tempdrive:drive Temporary files and the final Windows 2000 system files are copied to the drive

specified, such as to drive D: in /tempdrive:D

/unattend Enables you to upgrade a version of Windows 2000 to a later version, using the

parameters already in place for your current version

/unattend [seconds]:script file Used in an unattended installation to specify the name of the script file containing

installation commands (the seconds parameter is used to create an interval between

when the setup files are copied and the computer reboots so you can interrupt to

enter a command)

udf:id Enables a uniqueness database file to be used with an unattended installation so

that particular information in the script can be changed, such as the name of the

server (id specifies the name of the database file, such as udf:install.dbf)

Chapter 5

CD-ROM Installation

Set the computer’s BIOS to boot first from Set the computer’s BIOS to boot first from CD-ROMCD-ROM

Insert the Windows 2000 Server CD-ROMInsert the Windows 2000 Server CD-ROM Turn the computer off and then back on Turn the computer off and then back on

(you may need to press Enter to boot from (you may need to press Enter to boot from CD-ROM)CD-ROM)

After Winnt.exe starts, follow the After Winnt.exe starts, follow the instructions on the screeninstructions on the screen

Chapter 5

Floppy Disk and CD-ROM Installation

Set the BIOS to boot first from drive A:Set the BIOS to boot first from drive A: Power off the computerPower off the computer Insert Setup Disk #1 and the CD-ROMInsert Setup Disk #1 and the CD-ROM Turn on the computer, booting from the Turn on the computer, booting from the

Setup Disk #1Setup Disk #1 After Winnt.exe starts, insert Setup Disk After Winnt.exe starts, insert Setup Disk

#2 and follow the on-screen instructions#2 and follow the on-screen instructions

Chapter 5

Making Copies of the Setup Disk

Format 4 floppy disksFormat 4 floppy disks Insert the Windows 2000 Server CD-ROMInsert the Windows 2000 Server CD-ROM Click Start and then click RunClick Start and then click Run Enter the drive letter of the CD-ROM and Enter the drive letter of the CD-ROM and

the path \bootdisk\makebt32.exethe path \bootdisk\makebt32.exe Click OKClick OK Follow the on-screen instructionsFollow the on-screen instructions

Chapter 5

Network Installation

Copy the installation files from the Windows 2000 Copy the installation files from the Windows 2000 Server CD-ROM which are in the folder \I386Server CD-ROM which are in the folder \I386

Share the host’s folder and set appropriate Share the host’s folder and set appropriate permissionspermissions

Map the host’s shared folder from the target Map the host’s shared folder from the target server computerserver computer

Run Winnt.exe or Winnt32.exe from the shared Run Winnt.exe or Winnt32.exe from the shared folderfolder

Follow the on-screen instructionsFollow the on-screen instructions

Chapter 5

Installation from an Existing Operating System

Boot the computer to use its existing Boot the computer to use its existing operating systemoperating system

Insert the Windows 2000 Server CD-ROMInsert the Windows 2000 Server CD-ROM Click Start, click Run, enter the drive letter Click Start, click Run, enter the drive letter

of the CD-ROM and the path to the of the CD-ROM and the path to the Winnt.exe or Winnt32.exe file, such as \Winnt.exe or Winnt32.exe file, such as \I386\winnt32 plus any switchesI386\winnt32 plus any switches

Follow the on-screen instructionsFollow the on-screen instructions

Chapter 5

Installation Tip

If you install Windows 2000 from MS-If you install Windows 2000 from MS-DOS, you can reduce the installation DOS, you can reduce the installation time from several hours to under an time from several hours to under an hour if you start the SMARTDRIVE hour if you start the SMARTDRIVE utility before running Winnt.exeutility before running Winnt.exe

Chapter 5

Unattended InstallationOver the Network

Create an answer file using Setup Manager or Create an answer file using Setup Manager or NotepadNotepad

Use the /s and /u (or /unattend) switches to Use the /s and /u (or /unattend) switches to specify the location of the installation files and specify the location of the installation files and of the answer file such as:of the answer file such as: Winnt32 /s:\\mainserver\I386 /unattend:unattend.txt

Use a uniqueness database and the /UDF Use a uniqueness database and the /UDF switch to further customize the unattended switch to further customize the unattended installationinstallation

Chapter 5

Unattended Installation via CD-ROM

An alternative to a unattended network An alternative to a unattended network installation is to create an answer file to installation is to create an answer file to use along with booting via the CD-ROM, use along with booting via the CD-ROM, but name the file, Winnt.sifbut name the file, Winnt.sif

Chapter 5

Creating Duplicate Unattended Installations

Use Sysprep.exe to clone computers that Use Sysprep.exe to clone computers that have the same hardware configurationhave the same hardware configuration

Use Syspart.exe to clone computers that Use Syspart.exe to clone computers that have different hardware configurationshave different hardware configurations

Chapter 5

Installation Troubleshooting Tip

If Setup starts, but does not find mass If Setup starts, but does not find mass storage, restart the installation, press F6 as storage, restart the installation, press F6 as soon as possible and load the manufacturer’s soon as possible and load the manufacturer’s driver (such as for a SCSI adapter)driver (such as for a SCSI adapter)

If Setup does not start because you are If Setup does not start because you are using an SMP computer, restart the using an SMP computer, restart the installation, press F5, and provide the installation, press F5, and provide the computer manufacturer’s Hal.dllcomputer manufacturer’s Hal.dll

Chapter 5

Installation Part 1

When the Windows Setup starts, it When the Windows Setup starts, it inspects the computer hardware and inspects the computer hardware and loads drivers and then presents a loads drivers and then presents a screen on which to press Enter to start screen on which to press Enter to start the installationthe installation

Chapter 5

Installation Part 1(continued)

Figure 5-3 Beginning setup optionsFigure 5-3 Beginning setup options

Chapter 5

Installation Part 1(continued)

Read the licensing agreement and Read the licensing agreement and press F8press F8

Select the partitioned or unpartitioned Select the partitioned or unpartitioned disk space on which to install Windows disk space on which to install Windows 20002000

Chapter 5

Installation Part 1(continued)

Figure 5-4 Figure 5-4 Detecting Detecting partitionspartitions

Chapter 5

Installation Part 1(continued)

Select the file system to use, FAT or Select the file system to use, FAT or NTFSNTFS

Setup automatically checks the disks, Setup automatically checks the disks, copies files, and reboots into the copies files, and reboots into the graphical modegraphical mode

Chapter 5

Installation Part 2

Setup gathers and verifies information Setup gathers and verifies information about the computer, such as the about the computer, such as the keyboard and pointing devicekeyboard and pointing device

Setup next enables you to configure Setup next enables you to configure regional and keyboard settings, such as regional and keyboard settings, such as the language that you usethe language that you use

Chapter 5

Installation Part 2(continued)

Enter your name and the name of your Enter your name and the name of your organizationorganization

Enter the product key which is obtained Enter the product key which is obtained from the back of the Windows 2000 from the back of the Windows 2000 Server CD-ROM jewel caseServer CD-ROM jewel case

Chapter 5

Installation Part 2(continued)

Figure 5-5 Name and organization informationFigure 5-5 Name and organization information

Chapter 5

Installation Part 2(continued)

Select the licensing modeSelect the licensing mode Enter the name of the server and the Enter the name of the server and the

Administrator account’s passwordAdministrator account’s password Select the Windows 2000 components Select the Windows 2000 components

to installto install

Chapter 5

Installation Part 2(continued)

Figure 5-6 Windows 2000 componentsFigure 5-6 Windows 2000 components

Chapter 5

Installation Part 2(continued)

If there is an installed modem, provide the If there is an installed modem, provide the Modem Dialing informationModem Dialing information

Verify the date and timeVerify the date and time Select the network configuration option, such Select the network configuration option, such

as as Typical settingsTypical settings in order to install TCP/IP in order to install TCP/IP Specify whether the computer will start off in Specify whether the computer will start off in

a workgroup or domain (if in a domain, a workgroup or domain (if in a domain, provide the account and password)provide the account and password)

Chapter 5

Installation Part 2(continued)

Wait for Setup to install components and Wait for Setup to install components and files and then click Finishfiles and then click Finish

Chapter 5

Installation Part 2(continued)

Figure 5-7 Installing componentsFigure 5-7 Installing components

Chapter 5

Log On and Test the Server

Press Ctrl+Alt+Del, enter Administrator as Press Ctrl+Alt+Del, enter Administrator as the account name, and enter the the account name, and enter the Administrator password you specified Administrator password you specified during the installationduring the installation

Look for the Windows 2000 Configure Your Look for the Windows 2000 Configure Your Server dialog box, which provides one Server dialog box, which provides one method for continuing to configure the method for continuing to configure the serverserver

Chapter 5

Configure Your Server Tool

Figure 5-8 Configuration dialog boxFigure 5-8 Configuration dialog box

Chapter 5

Testing the Desktop Icons

Test the desktop icons and other Test the desktop icons and other preliminary functions of the serverpreliminary functions of the server

Chapter 5

Desktop

Figure 5-9 Windows 2000 DesktopFigure 5-9 Windows 2000 Desktop

Chapter 5

Upgrading a Windows NT 4.0 Server and Domain

Coordinate a time for the upgradeCoordinate a time for the upgrade Backup each server that will be Backup each server that will be

upgradedupgraded Upgrade the PDC firstUpgrade the PDC first Upgrade the BDCs one at a timeUpgrade the BDCs one at a time Upgrade using Winnt32 Upgrade using Winnt32

Chapter 5

Upgrading a Windows NT 4.0 Server and Domain (continued)

Select the Select the Upgrade to Windows 2000Upgrade to Windows 2000 (recommend)(recommend) option option

Follow the directions in the Windows Follow the directions in the Windows 2000 Setup2000 Setup

Chapter 5

Upgrading a Windows NT 4.0 Server and Domain (continued)

Figure 5-10 Selecting the upgrade optionFigure 5-10 Selecting the upgrade option

Chapter 5

Upgrading a Windows NT 4.0 Server and Domain (continued)

When the Active Directory Wizard starts, When the Active Directory Wizard starts, specify if you want to join an existing specify if you want to join an existing domain tree or forest, or start a new onedomain tree or forest, or start a new one

Establish the appropriate default domain Establish the appropriate default domain and other group policiesand other group policies

Convert the domain to native mode after Convert the domain to native mode after the last BDC is upgraded and there are the last BDC is upgraded and there are no more Windows NT serversno more Windows NT servers

Chapter 5

Troubleshooting Tip

Create an emergency repair disk for Create an emergency repair disk for each newly installed or upgraded servereach newly installed or upgraded server

Update the emergency repair disk every Update the emergency repair disk every time you implement an important time you implement an important change on a server, such as after change on a server, such as after installing new hardware, drivers, and installing new hardware, drivers, and softwaresoftware

Chapter 5

Troubleshooting Installation Problems

The first step is to avoid problems through The first step is to avoid problems through your advanced preparationsyour advanced preparations Purchase components listed on the HCLPurchase components listed on the HCL Test all hardware before you start the Test all hardware before you start the

installationinstallation Run the computer’s diagnostics before startingRun the computer’s diagnostics before starting Run a comprehensive test of the hard disk Run a comprehensive test of the hard disk

before startingbefore starting

Chapter 5

Troubleshooting a Windows 2000 Server Setup

Problem Description Solution Steps

Installation fails when

connecting to the domain

controller

Make sure you have previously created an account in the domain

and provided the right domain name. Also, make sure the computer

is connected to the network, that the domain controller and DNS

server are working, and that you are using the right protocol.

Chapter 5

Troubleshooting a Windows 2000 Server Setup (continued)

Problem Description Solution Steps

A problem is reported with

HAL.DLL or you see a stop

message 0x000000A

Irql_Not_Less_Or_Equal.

Restart the installation and press F5 as soon as possible to load the

HAL.DLL from a floppy disk.

The installation fails when

installing the network

components.

Go back to configure network settings. Make sure you have

installed a protocol that is appropriate for your network and that

you have provided all the information needed to set up the protocol.

Check the network interface card to ensure it is working. Reseat or

replace the card and start Setup again. Use the diagnostic software

provided with the card to test for problems. If this does not work,

try a card from a different manufacturer, in case there is a hardware

incompatibility.

Chapter 5

Troubleshooting a Windows 2000 Server Setup (continued)

Problem Description Solution Steps

A problem is reported with

NTOSKRNL.EXE or in

finding NTLDR.

The BOOT.INI file needs to be changed to indicate where to find

Windows 2000 (if other than on the primary system drive) or

NTLDR is not on the drive used to boot (called the system drive).

A device driver is not

available in Setup for a given

component, such as a NIC,

sound card, video card, or

other adapter.

Obtain the most recent driver from the manufacturer.

A STOP message appears

during the installation.

Start the installation again. If the STOP message appears a second

time, record the message and consult a Microsoft technician.

Computer locks up Check the IRQ and I/O settings for conflicts among hardware

components and cards (check the NIC and any specialized cards in

particular).

Chapter 5

Service Packs

Check Microsoft’s Web site for the latest Check Microsoft’s Web site for the latest information about service packs and the information about service packs and the option to download themoption to download them

For more control, install service packs For more control, install service packs using the Update commandusing the Update command

Chapter 5

Windows Service Pack Update Switches

Switch Purpose

- f Close all programs when the operating system shuts down prior to

rebooting

-n Disable the backup of old files used to uninstall the service pack

-o Automatically copy new files over the old OEM files

-q Install using the quiet mode so that the user does not have to respond to

prompts during the installation

-u Install using the unattended mode

/? List the available switches

Chapter 5

Uninstalling Windows 2000 Server

Backup the server filesBackup the server files Use the disk management utilities in the Use the disk management utilities in the

new operating system to delete the new operating system to delete the Windows 2000 partition, re-partition the Windows 2000 partition, re-partition the drive, and format it (or start a Windows drive, and format it (or start a Windows 2000 installation and delete the partition 2000 installation and delete the partition via Windows 2000 Setup)via Windows 2000 Setup)

Install the new operating systemInstall the new operating system

Chapter 5

Chapter Summary

Before you install Windows 2000 Before you install Windows 2000 Server, make sure the computer’s Server, make sure the computer’s components are on the HCLcomponents are on the HCL

Make decisions in advance about how Make decisions in advance about how to complete the installation options, to complete the installation options, such as how to partition the disk and such as how to partition the disk and what file system to usewhat file system to use

Chapter 5

Chapter Summary

Use the appropriate installation option, Use the appropriate installation option, such as installing from CD-ROM, from such as installing from CD-ROM, from the installation diskettes, over the the installation diskettes, over the network, from another operating network, from another operating system, or unattendedsystem, or unattended

Make an emergency repair disk after Make an emergency repair disk after you finish the installationyou finish the installation