Lecture 1 4 Future ICT trends
1. Artificial Intelligence2. Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computingo Personal area networkso Wireless sensor networkso RFIDs
3. Next-generation Networking (NGNs)o IP Convergenceo Grid/ Cloud computing
4. Conclusions
Today’s lecture outline
1
Image courtesy: http://pages.cs.wisc.edu/~dyer/images/AI.jpg
ArtificialIntelligenceAI is the study of how to make computers do things at which, at the moment, people are better.
• Natural Language Processing–make a computer understand English
• Machine Learning– change behavior based on experience– recognize patterns
• Perception of a visual scene– be able to pick out people, objects, etc.
• Robotics– navigation, accomplishing tasks, etc.
Applications of AI
Natural Languages Processing
Computers find it hard to process natural language because of its ambiguity.
Resolved through knowing the context.
A word can have different meanings depending on the context; this linguistic ambiguity confuses computers.
Whose ??Computer’s? or
natural language’s?
Robotics
Research area in which AI agents are equipped with sensors to perceive the world and effectors to change it
An active, artificial agent whose environment is the physical world.
Three basic parts of a robot:Sensors Computer Actuators
1. Industrial Robots
– Operates in a stable and known environment
– Fixed or limited mobility
– Relatively simple control program
Two major types of Robots
2. Mobile Robots– Operates in the
“real” world
–Mobile!
– Requires a high degree of autonomy
Two major types of Robots
Computer or Machine VisionComputer emulation of human vision
Inverse of Computer Graphics
Applications: 1. Face recognition, 2. Image processing, 3. Motion detection, etc.
ImagesComputer
visionWorld model
Computergraphics
World model Images
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing
Image courtesy: http://www.ida.gov.sg/
Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computing
Image courtesy: http://www.rfid-library.com/
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID)
Single converged IP
backbone
Mobile telephony
Television
Fixed telephony
Data
Next-generation Networks
Conclusions1. Artificial Intelligence2. Ubiquitous (Pervasive) Computingo Personal area networkso Wireless sensor networkso RFIDs
3. Next-generation Networking (NGNs)o IP Convergenceo Grid/ Cloud computing
4. Conclusions
???Questions/
Confusions?
Credits/ Acknowledgement can be found
at the course website:
http://tinyurl.com/5hb8pp