FEM3105 (STRESS & COPING) 3(3+0) FEM3105 (STRESS & COPING) 3(3+0) GR OUP 2 M2-4; W4 Instructor: ZAINAL MADON Dept. of Human Dev. & Family Studies 03-8946-7760 [email protected]
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FEM3105 (STRESS & COPING) 3(3+0)FEM3105 (STRESS & COPING) 3(3+0)
GROUP 2 M2-4; W4
Instructor: ZAINAL MADONDept. of Human Dev. & Family Studies
03-8946-7760
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This course requires:This course requires:
at least 80% attendance
full concentrations active participations
proactive & innovative minds
positive ATTITUDE &behaviour
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Assessments:Assessments:
1. Test 1 (6th week) = (15%)
2. Individual assignments (15%)
Self analysis = Due: 2nd
week Article / Instrument analysis : Due Week 7
3. Group assignment (Due: 12th
Week)(15%)
4. Quiz = (15%; minimum 5 qz)5. Final exam = (40%)
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WHAT IS STRESS?WHAT IS STRESS?
Define stress ² write down youranswer
Think about WHAT normally stressedyou out.
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In general, people have their own understanding of In general, people have their own understanding of what is stress / copingwhat is stress / coping
y What is life?
y Philosophically, life is a journey with a purpose
y We encounter / interact / deal with people, places,
things, and events in life, in which help us obtainour goals
y Along the way we may become stressful
y
´Stress is a gift; it is about how we interact withthe worldµ ² Girdano, Dusek & Everly 2010
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STRESSFUL?STRESSFUL?
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Pressure
Anger
Strain
Under the
weather
Uptight
Being down
Anxiety
NervousnessDepressed
Upset
Tension
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HOW STRESSFUL ARE YOU
TODAY?
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WHAT IS STRESS?WHAT IS STRESS?
For next class:
Q ² find the best definition of stress. Properlycite the source and what do you think of thatdefinition (i.e why do you think it is a good
definition?
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Why do we need to studyWhy do we need to study
STRESS & COPING?STRESS & COPING?
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Why do we need to study STRESS?:Why do we need to study STRESS?:
The world is changing; change is inevitable
Interactions between & within familymembers / community or larger system may
induce various reactions Systemic approach acknowledged theinteractional effect of one unit of a systemonto the others
SO WHAT?
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Why do we need to study STRESS?:Why do we need to study STRESS?:
Various ́ modernµ illnesses are known to bepsychosomatic (physical symptoms, but may be
mentally/emotionally related)
Addressing the root cause may help to prevent,cure (or improve the situation)
Modern living development in various areasincluding challenging life demands, thusproduced modern ́ illnessµ
´Behaviour modification therapyµ may beneeded; to change by choice
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Define this picture:Define this picture:
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WHAT IS STRESS?:WHAT IS STRESS?:
Various definitions « (why?) Dictionary: .. A physical, chemical or
emotional factor that causes bodily ormental tension & may be a factor indisease causation ² Merriam Webster(1998)
A troubling situation, event or thought
(Anderson, 1978) A troubling event (Holmes, 1979)
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A condition in which there is great
discrepancy between the demands made
on an organism & the organism·s capablityto respond (Caplan, 1981)
Tindakbalas minda & fizikal yg terhasil drpd
permintaan (atau cabaran) mengikutsesuatu keadaan atau tempat; melibatkan
perasaan subjektif awalnya yg lama
kelamaan menjadi kacau apabila
cabaran/permintaan bertambah (Hatta)
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.. Is how a person appraises an event & adapts
to it (Folkman & Lazarus, 1985)
Any situation perceived as threatening one·s
well-being & difficult to handle (Weiten &Lloyd, 1994)
A state of tension that is created when aperson responds to the demands & pressures
that came from work, family & other external
sources, as well as those that are generatedfrom self-imposed demands, obligations & self
criticism (http://www.stressfree.com)
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WHAT IS STRESS?:WHAT IS STRESS?:
1. Stress as Response (i.e physicalresponse such as headache; knot intummy, rashes etc)
2. Stress as Stimulus (outside force thatputs demands on oneself = stress ispressure/my BOSS is stress/stress is
having too much to do)
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WHAT IS STRESS?:WHAT IS STRESS?:
3. Stress as a Transaction (an exchangebetween stimulus, one·s perception of it & the response it causes) i.e stress
is the muscle tension I get when Ithink about public speaking
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WHAT IS STRESS?:WHAT IS STRESS?:
4. Stress as a holistic phenomenon(stress as a part of a larger whole ² part of individual·s physical, social,
spiritual, emotional & intellectual well-being) i.e stress is being a student orstress is feeling helpless in trying to
control one·s life
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STRESS IS«STRESS IS«
A holistic transactionbetween the individual & a
stressor that results in thebody·s mobilization of a
stress response (Blonna, R.2005)
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Holistic transaction
stress appraisal process involve potentialstressor, individual, & the environment;
influenced by one·s level of well-being &ability to cope with stressor at thatparticular moment, within the specific
environment
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A StressorAny stimulus appraised by the individual as
threatening or capable of causing harm or lossIs the ́ causeµ of the stress reaction; may be events,thoughts or demands2 types: processive & systemic stressors
Processive = elements in the environment perceivedby the organisms potential danger; do not causedanger directly, but are processed in the brain(cerebral cortex).The processed info is then sent via the limbic system
(brain that relate to emotion) in the hypothalamus,where they activate the supreme centers of theautonomic system; thus results in the fight or flight(confront or avoid)
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Systemic stressor = causes disturbance in
the organism·s homeostasis & the tissuenecrosis, hypotension or hypoxia
Often both types occur simultaneously;usually accompanied by pain / intensive
emotions
Stressor = Events or life changes that
brings about changes in family system(Pauline Boss, 1998)
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A Stress ResponseA set of physiological adaptations by the body tomaintain homeostasis in the face of threat, harm or
stress
*** The above definition acknowledged theimportance of one·s perception & coping in theappraisal of potential stressor Stress does not occurin vacuum (level of well-being + environmental
factors)
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Stress as a holistic phenomenon (stressas a part of a larger whole ² part of individual·s physical, social, spiritual,
emotional & intellectual well-being)
i.e stress is being a student or stressis feeling helpless in trying to control
one·s life
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Stress never occurs in vacuum«Stress never occurs in vacuum«
Macroenvironment Micro
environment
Physical
Spiritual
Cognitive
Emotional
Social
Environmental/occupational
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The web versionThe web version«http://www.isma.org.uk «http://www.isma.org.uk
Stress is:"The adverse reaction people have to
excessive pressures or other types of
demand placed on them."
Pressures may come from many differingsources
y when their combined effect is overwhelming,
stress occurs.
y This means that stress is not good for you.
y Stress is an unhealthy state of body or mind
or both.
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EUSTRESS vs DISTRESSEUSTRESS vs DISTRESS
y
Eustress is POSITIVEstress (or curative)
y Certain amount of stressis needed to motivate
human-beings
y
Distress is unpleasant ordisease producing stress
The eus & dis refer to the stressor, not the
impact of the stressor
Both can be equally taxing to the body
Stress is cumulative in nature
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