Week # 1 Quarter 2 (10/16-10/18) (calendar site) Warm Up – Wed/Thurs, 10/16 & 10/17

Week #1 Quarter 2 (10/16-10/18) (calendar site)Warm Up – Wed/Thurs, 10/16 & 10/17

Pick Up: Worksheets on

tableHave out: Worksheets you

picked up

Activities/Assignments:1. Sign-up for Reminder 1012. Quarter Reflection Sheet3. Facebook Notebook Cover4. Review notes on:

Matter Atomic Models

Homework:1. Weekly Check Sheet

due Monday, 10/212. New Notebook due

Monday for a stamp3. Memorize the first 20

elements on the periodic table for a test on 11/13 or 11/14

Today in I.S.…

I.S. Learning Goal: • I can describe the features and

components of the atom.

Daily Question: What are the feature and components of the atom?

http://mychandlerschools.org/Page/6843

She says she is not a victim and will NEVER give up! So inspirational!

She was 14 when she was shot, and is now 16 about to get a Nobel Peace Prize for her fight for education.

http://www.upworthy.com/watch-this-incredible-young-woman-render-jon-stewart-speechless?g=2&c=ufb1

http://www.cnn.com/video/data/2.0/video/world/2013/10/11/malala-nobel-2-amanpour.cnn.html

http://ac360.blogs.cnn.com/2013/10/11/christiane-amanpour-interviews-malala-yousafzai-the-bravest-girl-in-the-world/?iref=allsearch

You fill in with S, N, or U

You write Comments

I stamp each day

Parents sign on weekend for each day

Due EVERY MONDAY

For

5 Points!

Quarter Reflection Sheet

10 minutes

Complete the handout and turn in front bin!

Facebook Page Cover for NotebookQuietly Create your Facebook Page Cover sheet for your notebook

• Write your First and Last Name above the word “wall”.

• In the “Search Button” write “I.S. Quarter 2”.

• In the “What are you doing?” box write “Chemistry and Astronomy Unit”.

• Answer the questions:

• Personal Learning Goal for this Quarter (list 5)

• What will you do to reach this goal? (list 5)

• What do you know about Chemistry and Astronomy? (list 2)

• List 2 clubs, sports or other activities you do (school appropriate)

• Who are your friends who can help you reach your goals? (list 2)

• Who in your family can help you reach your goals? (list 2)

• Draw two pictures relating to Chemistry or Astronomy in the box on the top left using 4 colors.

http://profile.ak.fbcdn.net/hprofile-ak-prn1/174834_20531316728_3694083_n.jpg

DATE PAGE # PAGE TITLE DATE PAGE # PAGE TITLE

10/16 & 10/17

1 Table of Contents

10/16 & 10/17

2 Table of Contents

10/16 & 10/17

3 Quarter Reflection Sheet

10/16 & 10/17

4 Matter Graphic Organizer

10/16 & 10/17

5 Diagram Models Worksheet

10/16 & 10/17

6 Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer

TABLE OF CONTENTS

LEARNING GOAL & SCALE

585% & Above

In addition to Level 4, I can make connections to real-world applications and content in other Investigative Science units.

475%

Mastery

I can correctly: Describe substances based on their physical properties.Describe substances based on their chemical properties.Predict properties of elements and compounds using trends of the periodic table (e.g., metals, non-metals, bonding – ionic/covalent).Describe the following features and components of the atom: o protons o neutrons o electrons o mass o organization o structure o number and type of particles

360% I can correctly complete most of Level 4.

250% I can correctly complete Level 4 only with guidance.

125% I am unable to complete Level 4, even with guidance.

What students will be able to apply by the end of this course?Students use scientific processes: questioning, planning and conducting investigations, using appropriate tools and techniques to gather data, thinking critically and logically about relationships between evidence and explanations, and communicating results.What students will be able to do by the end of this unit according to State Standards?Learning Goals:I can understand how to identify, categorize, and organize substances.

Scale Yourself!

The Building Blocks of Matter: Atoms

+

++

+

+++

-

-

-

-

--

-

-+

Complete Matter Graphic Organizer

Matter

• Anything that has mass and takes up space (volume)– Examples:

• A brick has mass and takes up space • A desk has mass and takes up space• A pencil has mass and takes up space• Air has mass and takes up space

All of the above examples are considered matter because they have mass and take up space. Can you

think of anything that would not be considered matter?

Complete Matter Graphic Organizer

I.S. Learning Goal: • I can describe the features and components of the atom.

Matter is made of atoms

Models

Models are often used for things that are too small or too

large to be observed or that are too difficult to be understood easily

Complete Diagram Models Worksheet

Models

In the case of atoms, scientists use large models to explain something that is very small

Models of the atom were used to explain data or facts that were gathered experimentally.

So, these models are also theories


Early Models of the Atom Democritus

Universe was made of empty space and tiny bits of stuff

Called these tiny bits of stuff atomos

Atoms could not be divided


Early Models of the Atom Lavoisier

Demonstrated that burning wood caused no change in mass

Law of Conservation of Matter


Early Models of the Atom Dalton

All elements are composed of indivisible particles. Atoms of the same element are the sameAtoms of different elements are different. Compounds consisted of atoms of different elements combined together


Early Models of the AtomThomson

Plum pudding model

Atom made of a positively charged material with the negatively charged electrons scattered through it.


Early Models of the Atom Rutherford

Mostly empty space

Small, positive nucleus

Contained protons

Negative electrons scattered around the outside


Early Models of the Atom Bohr

Electrons move in definite orbits around the nucleus


Early Models of the Atom Chadwick

Discovered the neutron


Modern Model of the AtomThe electron cloud

Sometimes called the wave modelSpherical cloud of varying density Varying density shows where an electron is more or less likely to be



Due EVERY MONDAY

For

5 Points!

Show for a Stamp Now!

Week #1 Quarter 2 (10/16-10/18) (calendar site)Warm Up – Friday, 10/18

Pick Up: Worksheets on

tableHave out: Worksheets you

picked up

Activities/Assignments:1. Structure of an Atom2. Periodic Table Warm-up Review3. Forces in an Atom Notes

Homework:1. Weekly Check Sheet

due Monday, 10/212. New Notebook due

Monday for a stamp3. Memorize the first 20

elements on the periodic table for a test on 11/13 or 11/14

Today in I.S.…

I.S. Learning Goal: • I can describe the features and

components of the atom.

Daily Question: What are the feature and components of the atom?

http://mychandlerschools.org/Page/6843

LEARNING GOAL & SCALE

585% & Above

In addition to Level 4, I can make connections to real-world applications and content in other Investigative Science units.

475%

Mastery

I can correctly: Describe substances based on their physical properties.Describe substances based on their chemical properties.Predict properties of elements and compounds using trends of the periodic table (e.g., metals, non-metals, bonding – ionic/covalent).Describe the following features and components of the atom: o protons o neutrons o electrons o mass o organization o structure o number and type of particles

360% I can correctly complete most of Level 4.

250% I can correctly complete Level 4 only with guidance.

125% I am unable to complete Level 4, even with guidance.

What students will be able to apply by the end of this course?Students use scientific processes: questioning, planning and conducting investigations, using appropriate tools and techniques to gather data, thinking critically and logically about relationships between evidence and explanations, and communicating results.What students will be able to do by the end of this unit according to State Standards?Learning Goals:I can understand how to identify, categorize, and organize substances.

Scale Yourself!

DATE PAGE # PAGE TITLE DATE PAGE # PAGE TITLE

10/16 & 10/17

1 Table of Contents

10/16 & 10/17

2 Table of Contents

10/16 & 10/17

3 Quarter Reflection Sheet

10/16 & 10/17

4 Matter Graphic Organizer

10/16 & 10/17

5 Diagram Models Worksheet

10/16 & 10/17

6 Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer

10/18 7 Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up Review

10/18 8 Forces of an Atom Graphic Organizer

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Atoms• Smallest possible unit

into which matter can be divided, while still maintaining its properties.

• Made up of:– protons– neutrons– electrons

• The solar system is commonly used as an analogy to describe the structure of an atom

For example, what is the smallest possible unit

into which a long essay can be divided and still have some meaning?

+

-+++

-

-

- -+

Complete Atomic Structure Graphic Organizer

Atoms are so small that…• it would take a stack of about

50,000 aluminum atoms to equal the thickness of a sheet of aluminum foil from your kitchen.

• if you could enlarge a penny until it was as wide as the US, each of its atoms would be only about 3 cm in diameter – about the size of a ping-pong ball

• a human hair is about 1 million carbon atoms wide.

• a typical human cell contains roughly 1 trillion atoms.

• a speck of dust might contain 3x1012 (3 trillion) atoms.

• it would take you around 500 years to count the number of atoms in a grain of salt.

www.deckersfoods.com

C-C-C-C-C-… + 999,995 more

1 trillion atoms

. Is made of approximately 3 trillion atoms

Just one of these grains


http://www.deckersfoods.com/

Protons (+)• Positively charged

particles• Help make up the

nucleus of the atom• Help identify the atom

(could be considered an atom’s DNA)

• Equal to the atomic number of the atom

• Contribute to the atomic mass

• Equal to the number of electrons

+

+

+++

+++

-

-

-

-

--

-

-+


Neutrons

• Neutral particles; have no electric charge

• Help make up the nucleus of the atom

• Contribute to the atomic mass

+

+++

+++

-

-

-

-

--

-

-+


Electrons (-)• Negatively charged particles• Found outside the nucleus of

the atom, in the electron orbits/levels; each orbit/level can hold a maximum number of electrons ( 1st = 2, 2nd = 8, 3rd = 8 or 18, etc…)

• Move so rapidly around the nucleus that they create an electron cloud

• Mass is insignificant when compared to protons and neutrons

• Equal to the number of protons

• Involved in the formation of chemical bonds

-

+

+++

+++

-

-

-

-

--

-

-+


Hydrogen (H) Atom• Notice the one electron in the first orbital

+

-

Even though there are no neutrons present, Hydrogen is still considered an atom

+

-

= 1

= 0

= 1

How manymore

electronscan fit in the 1st orbital/ level?


Oxygen (O) Atom• Notice the two electrons in the first

orbital/level and the six in the second

+

++

+

+++

-

-

-

-

--

-

-+

+

-

= 8

= 8

= 8

How manymore

electronscan fit in the 2nd orbital/ level?


Sodium (Na) Atom• Notice the two electrons in the first orbital/level,

eight in the second, and one in the third

+

++

+

+++

-

-

-

-

--

-

-+

-

-

-

+

-

= 11

= 12

= 11

How manymore

electronscan fit in the 3rd orbital/ level?


The Atom’s “Center”

• Protons and neutrons are grouped together to form the “center” or nucleus of an atom.

-

+++

Notice that the electrons are not apart of the nucleus

--


QUARKS

• Particles that make up protons and neutrons

Notice the smaller particles

that make up this neutron after you

take a closer look.

+Notice the

smaller particles

that make up this proton

after you take a closer look.

What do you notice about the numberof quarks in the neutron and proton?


Sub-Atomic Particles Weight Comparison

(protons, neutrons, electrons)Neutron = 1.6749286 x10-27 kgProton = 1.6726231 x10-27 kgElectron = 9.1093897 x10-31 kg

+

-+

----- - -

--

---

--

---

- ----- - -

--

---

--

---

1836 electrons = 1 proton1839 electrons = 1 neutron

How do you think the mass of a neutron compares to that of a proton?

1 neutron ≈ 1 proton


Sub-atomic ParticlesSize Comparison

(protons, neutrons, electrons, & quarks)

Size in atoms

Size in meters

(m)

Atom 1 10-10

Nucleus __1__10,000

10-14

Proton or

Neutron

___1___100,000

10-15

Electron or

Quark

_____1____100,000,00

0

10-18

(at largest)

+

++

+

+++

-

-

-

-

--

-

-+


Atomic Number

• The number of protons in the nucleus of an atom

+ ++ --

-What would be

the atomic number of this

atom?


Mass Number• The total number of protons and neutrons in an atom’s

nucleus• Expressed in Atomic Mass Units (amu)

– Each proton or neutron has a mass of 1 amu

+ ++ -

-

-What would be the

mass number of this atom?

+ 3

4

3 protons + 4 neutrons = a mass number of 7

amu

Why did we not account for the electrons when calculating

the mass number?



Complete the Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up Worksheet

12 minutes!!

If there are only about 100 types of elements in the world, why are there

so many different kinds of matter?

Complete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet

Elements can combine in many different ways to form many

different types of matter.


Where are the metals, nonmetals, and metalloids

located in the periodic table?


• Metals - are on the left side• Nonmetals – are on the right side• Metalloids – are on a slanting line between

the metals and nonmetals


Which group of elements on the periodic table does not readily combine with other

elements?


Group 18 - the Noble GassesComplete Periodic Table of Elements Warm-up worksheet

Describe metalloids.


Elements having properties of both metals and nonmetals.


Germanium, with an atomic number of 32, is not a metal or a non-metal, but a

metalloid.

– Describe where metalloids are found on the periodic table, with respect to

the metals and non-metals.


Metalloids are found in between metals and non-metals on the periodic table. Their position tells us

that they have some of the characteristics of metals and some characteristics of non-metals. For example, germanium conducts electricity, but not

as well as true metals.


Elements are organized in the periodic table in such a way that there are patterns of

elements placed close together that have similar properties. For example, knowing the properties of one element in a column of the periodic table will help a person predict the properties of other elements in that same

column.–Describe two properties common to

elements found at the far left of the periodic table.

–Describe two properties common to elements found at the far right of the

periodic table.


On the far left side of the periodic table the elements are all metals. So, they are solids

at room temperature and are good conductors of heat and electricity.

One the far right side of the periodic table, the elements are gases at room

temperature. They are colorless and non-reactive.



FORCES IN THE ATOM

• Gravitational Force• Electromagnetic Force

• Strong Force• Weak Force

Complete Forces of an Atom Graphic Organizer

Gravitational Force• The force of

attraction of objects due to their masses

• The amount of gravity between objects depends on their masses and the distance between them

Do you think this force plays a significantrole in holding the atom together?


Electromagnetic Force

• The force that results from the repulsion of like charges and the attraction of opposites

• The force that holds the electrons around the nucleus

-

+

+

+

--

Notice how the particles with the

same charge move apart and the particles with

different charges move together.

Why are neutrons not pictured above?


Strong Force

• The force that holds the atomic nucleus together

• The force that counteracts the electromagnetic force

If you need help

remembering strong force, just think of…

++

++

Notice how the electromagnetic force causes

the protons to repel each other but, the strong force holds

them together.

Would an atom have a nucleus if the strong force did not exist?


-n

Weak Force

• This force plays a key role in the possible change of sub-atomic particles.– For example, a

neutron can change into a proton(+) and an electron(-)

• The force responsible for radioactive decay.– Radioactive decay

process in which the nucleus of a radioactive (unstable) atom releases nuclear radiation.

+

If you need help

remembering weak force,

just think of…

Notice how the original particle changes to

something new.


Due EVERY MONDAY

For

5 Points!

Show for a Stamp Now!

Week # 1 Quarter 2 (10/16-10/18) (calendar site) Warm Up – Wed/Thurs, 10/16 & 10/17

Documents