Wednesday, March 28, 2012

Wednesday, March 28, 2012Goal: 10.9.1 Explain in detail what life

was like in America during the Cold War

In-class: Atomic Café Video, CST Review Questions

Warm-up: What was the U.S. containment policy?

Homework: None tonight!

Thursday, March 29, 2012Goal: 10.9.4 Analyze the rise of Mao & explain

the political & economic upheavals in China

In-class: 17.2 Communists Take Over China Notes, Worksheet

Warm-up: What are some things you know about China today? Policies? Government? Economy?

Homework: Finish worksheet (should be done in class)

17.2 Communists Take Power in

China

Communists vs. Nationalists

China was in a Civil War between the Nationalists & Communists

Japan invaded in 1937 and both groups united to fight against the Japanese during WWII

The Communists Mao Zedong—leader of the Chinese Communist

Party (founded in 1921)

Had a stronghold in Northwestern China

Mobilized peasants for guerilla warfare against the Japanese

Made efforts to improve food production & literacy & won support in NW China by 1945

The Nationalists Jiang Jieshi (Chiang Kai-

Shek)—leader of the Nationalist

Dominated Southwest China

Did not do much fighting in WWII

Instead, they saved up strength to fight Mao’s Red Army after WWII ended

Chinese Civil War Resumes Renewed Civil War lasted from 1946-1949

Nationalist Army outnumbered the Communists & were supported by the U.S.

Nationalists could not win popular support

China’s economy collapsed as a result of WWII & thousands of soldiers & civilians switched to the Communist Party

Chinese Civil War Resumes By 1949, China’s major

cities fell to Mao’s Red Army

Jiang’s army & government fled to Taiwan

Mao’s Promises Give land back to the peasants China became the People’s

Republic of China Signed Treaty of Friendship

with Russia (1950)

Two Chinas Taiwan or Nationalist China

Supported by U.S. Militarily weak & corrupt Weak public support

Communist or People’s Republic of China Supported by Soviets Soviet-Chinese Alliance to support each other in an

attack by the West Experienced & motivated guerilla army Strong public support

Communist China Expands Chinese Red Army

expanded into Tibet, India, & Mongolia

1950-51, brutally took over Tibet & the Dalai Lama fled to India

India harbored Tibetan refugees which increased tension between China and India

Mongolia

India

Communists Transform China Set up two political organizations, both headed by

Mao until 1959 The Communist Party National Government

Agrarian Reform Law of 1950 Mao seized land of owners & returned it to the peasants Killed over a million people in the process

Established a 5-Year Economic Plan Plan to boost industry & business Increased output of coal, steel, concrete, & electricity

Communists Transform China The Great Leap Forward (1958)

Called for large collective farms, or communes

Peasants worked & lived there, owning nothing

Considered a failure after crop famines killed 20 million people

China and USSR begin to compete to led the worldwide Communist Movement by the late 1950s

The Cultural Revolution Led by the Red Guards, militias of Communist supporters

Goal: to establish a society of peasants & workers in which all were equal

Anything artistic & intellectual considered useless

Shut down colleges and schools

Intellectuals had to “purify” themselves by doing hard labor

Thousands executed & imprisoned

Chaos threatened the farm production & industry

Communist National Army was told to suppress the Red Guards & end the revolution