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WORLD RELIGIONS(Regents Questions, 2000 – 2013)

NATURE RELIGIONS (ANIMISM, POLYTHEISM & SHINTO) Which two belief systems teach that there are spirits in nature?1) SHINTO AND ANIMISM 2) Hinduism and Confucianism3) Judaism and Christianity4) Islam and BuddhismWhich pair of belief systems shares a belief that spirits reside in natural objects and forms?1) Hinduism and Confucianism2) Islam and Judaism3) SHINTOISM AND ANIMISM 4) Christianity and BuddhismOne similarity between animism and Shinto is that people who follow these belief systems1) practice filial piety2) WORSHIP SPIRITS IN NATURE3) are monotheistic4) are required to make pilgrimagesOne similarity between Japanese Shintoism and African animism is the belief that1) EVERYTHING IN NATURE HAS A SPIRIT AND SHOULD BE RESPECTED2) only one god exists in the universe3) people's moral conduct determines their afterlife4) religious statues should be erected to honor the godsWhich belief is shared by an African who practices animism and a Japanese who practices Shinto?1) only one god rules the universe2) periodic fasting is essential to spiritual purity  3) SPIRITS EXIST IN BOTH LIVING AND NONLIVING THINGS4) all suffering is caused by desire and selfishnessShintoism and animism share a belief in the importance of1) reincarnation2) SPIRITS IN NATURE 3) holy books4) missionariesWhich action is most closely associated with polytheism?1) praying in a synagogue2) accepting the eightfold path3) WORSHIPPING MANY GODS4) reading the KoranA similarity between Shinto in Japan and animism in African societies is that both 1) use the Torah to establish law codes2) stress the importance of the eightfold path3) BELIEVE THAT SPIRITS EXIST IN NATURE4) base social rank on a caste systemWhat is one way in which animism, Shinto, and Daoism are similar?1) EMPHASIS ON HARMONY WITH NATURE2) monotheistic belief systems3) belief in the idea of nirvana4) reliance on the teachings of the Vedas

CONFUCIANISM

Which Chinese philosophy best completes this graphic organizer?1) Maoism2) Daoism3) Legalism4) CONFUCIANISM Showing Respect for Parents Maintaining  Family Honor Honoring All EldersWhich term is most closely related to these three actions?1) nirvana2) animism3) FILIAL PIETY 4) hadj (hajj)

Filial Piety and the five relationships are most often associated with1) Hinduism2) Daoism3) Animism4) CONFUCIANISM In China, Confucianism emphasized the idea that1) equality should exist between all members of society2) salvation could be attained by prayer meditation, and good deeds3) individual goals should be placed ahead of the needs of the needs of the group4) HARMONY COULD BE ACHIEVED BY THE PROPER BEHAVIOR OF EACH MEMBER OF A FAMILY OR SOCIETYThe five relationships taught by Confucius encouraged people to1) improve their position in life2) MAINTAIN SOCIAL AND POLITICAL ORDER3) respect and worship nature4) serve the needs of religious leadersIn China, the development of civi l service examinations and a belief in filial piety reflect the influence of 1) Shinto 2) Jainism3) CONFUCIANISM 4) Buddhism Which belief system was the basis for the civil service exams given during the Han, Tang, and Song dynasties? 1) Legalism2) Daoism3) Buddhism

4) CONFUCIANISM Confucianism had a strong impact on the development of China mainly because this philosophy1) Established a basic structure for military rule2) PROVIDED A BASIS FOR SOCIAL ORDER3) Contained the framework for a communist government4) Stressed the importance of the individual

The illustration shows the relationship between individuals in a society according to the ideas of 1) CONFUCIUS2) Moses3) Mohammed4) Siddhartha Gautama

Which Confucian principle is reflected in this statement?1) THE RULER MUST SET AN EXAMPLE FOR THE PEOPLE2) Respect for elders is the foundation of civilization3) Virtue increases with education4) Compassion and sympathy for others is important

Prince Shotoku's statement indicates the influence of the ideas of   1) CONFUCIUS2) Muhammad3) Genghis Khan4) Emperor HirohitoWhich belief is most closely associated with the philosophy of Confucianism?1) Nirvana 2) Reincarnation

3) Prayer4) FILIAL PIETY Which quotation from the teachings of Confucius is most similar to the Golden Rule from Judeo-Christian teaching?1) "If a ruler is upright, all will go well without order"2) "By nature, men are pretty much alike, It is learning and practice that set them apart."3) "While a father or mother is alive, a son should not travel far"4) "DO NOT DO TO OTHERS WHAT YOU DO NOT WISH FOR YOURSELF"Which philosophy is most closely associated with the development of the Chinese civil service system ?1) Legalism2) Buddhism3) Daoism4) CONFUCIANISM HINDUISMBelievers of Hinduism are expected to 1) FULFILL THEIR DHARMA FOR A FAVORABLE REINCARNATION2) Complete a pilgrimage to Mecca3) Obey the Ten Commandments4) Follow the Eightfold path to achieve enlightenment.The terms Brahma, dharma, and moksha are most closely associated with which religion?1) Judaism2) Islam3) HINDUISM 4) AnimismA person who practices Hinduism would most likely1) BELIEVE THE VEDAS ARE SACRED2) Worship in a synagogue3) Pray facing Mecca4) Make a pilgrimage to Jerusalem"Just as a man, having cast off old garments, puts on others, even so does the embodied one, having cast off old bodies, take on other, new ones."Which belief or practice is expressed in this quotation1) rigid class structure2) REINCARNATION3) monotheism4) fasting and prayer

  Which concept is illustrated in this diagram?1) manorialism

2) apartheid3) CASTE4) encomiendaWhich religion or belief system is most closely associated with the social class system illustrated in the diagram?1) HINDUISM2) Daoism3) Catholicism4) AnimismBUDDHISM According to Buddhist principles, believers can end personal suffering by1) doing good deeds2) ELIMINATING SELFISH DESIRES 3) making pilgrimages to Mecca4) relying on divine helpWhat belief is shared by Hindus and Buddhists?1) Everyone should have the same social status2) People should pray five times a day3) THE SOUL CAN BE REINCARNATED4) Material wealth is a sign of the blessing of the godsWhich religion includes the Four Noble Truths, the Eightfold Path, and nirvana?1) BUDDHISM2) Hinduism3) Judaism4) Christianity

 The diagram illustrates the key concepts of which religion1) Islam2) Christianity3) Hinduism4) BUDDHISM

This statue is most closely associated with which religion?1) BUDDHISM2) Islam3) Jainism4) Christianity

Which belief system is most closely associated with the terms Eightfold Path , Four Noble Truths , and nirvana?1) BUDDHISM 2) Christianity3) Judaism4) ShintoWhich belief is most closely associated with the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama [Buddha]?1) People are born into a specific caste2) Believers must follow the Ten Commandments3) Followers must fast during Ramadan4) PEOPLE CAN OVERCOME THEIR DESIRES BY FOLLOWING THE EIGHT-FOLD PATHThe religious terms Four Noble Truths ,   Eightfold Path , and   Nirvana  are most closely associated with1) Judaism2) Islam3) Shintoism4) BUDDHISMWhich values are most closely associated with the fundamental principles of Buddhism?1) competition and financial success2) maintaining the caste system and providing education for all people  3) PRACTICING NONVIOLENCE AND GIVING UP WORLDLY DESIRES4) self-determination and democracy

Which belief system is described in this passage?1) BUDDHISM2) Christianity3) Islam4) ConfucianismMONOTHEISM (ISLAM, CHRISTIANITY & JUDAISM)Muslims’ references to Christians and Jews as “People of the Book” demonstrates they all shared a belief in 1) The pope2) The five relationships3) MONOTHEISM4) Dharma

Fasting during Ramadan Praying five times each day Giving charity to the poorFollowers of which religion engage in these practices?1) Christianity2) Buddhism3) ISLAM4) Judaism

Base your answer on the passage below and on your knowledge of social studies

The situation described in the passage led to the 1) Pogroms in Russia2) Fall of Constantinople3) DIVISION OF SUNNIS AND SHIITES4) Tensions between Protestants and CatholicsA goal of modern-day religious fundamentalism is to1) Combine the religious teachings of Islam and Christianity2) MAINTAIN TRADITIONAL RELIGIOUS VALUES IN SOCIETY3) Encourage the practice of other religions4) Adopt secular attitudes instead of religious beliefs. Which practice is most closely associated with a person of the Islamic faith?1) Refraining from eating meat on Fridays2) PRAYING FIVE TIMES A DAY3) Following the Eightfold Path4) Worshipping many godsWhich text is essential to the practice of Islam?1) New Testament2) Analects3) Torah4) QUR’AN (KORAN) Which belief system is considered monotheistic?1) JUDAISM2) Shinto 3) Confucianism4) AnimismWhich belief system is considered monotheistic?5) Jainism6) Daoism7) JUDAISM8) Shinto

This passage describes the experience of a follower of1) Christianity2) ISLAM3) Hinduism4) JudaismJudaism, Islam, and Christianity share a belief in

1) papal supremacy2) teaching of the Koran (Qur'an)3) reincarnation and the Four Noble Truths4) AN ETHICAL CODE OF CONDUCT AND MONOTHEISMChristianity, Islam, and Judaism are similar in that they ask their followers to1) believe in reincarnation2) strive for nirvana3) FOLLOW A CODE OF BEHAVIOR4) practice polytheismThe doctrines of the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Protestant churches are all based on the1) Concept of reincarnation2) PRINCIPLES OF CHRISTIANITY3) Teaching of Muhammad4) Leadership of the pope

"Most Gracious, Most Merciful" "Master of the Day of Judgment" "Thee do we worship, And Thine aid we seek"This translated quotation from the Qur'an [Koran] refers to1) Buddha2) Shiva3) ALLAH 4) Muhammad

The Church of the Holy Sepulchre, the Dome of the Rock, and the Western (Wailing) Wall are religious sites in Jerusalem.  These sites symbolize the1) Roman domination of the Mediterranean region in the 1st Century2) CULTURAL DIVERSITY OF THE MIDDLE EAST3) limited architectural skills of builders in the Middle East4) geographic isolation of the city

What is the main idea of this passage?1) The Torah and the Bible were rejected in Muslim Spain.2) Arabs, Jews, and Christians shared houses and places of worship in Muslim Spain3) RELIGIOUS TOLERANCE IN MUSLIM SPAIN ENCOURAGED THE GROWTH OF A RICH AND DIVERSE CULTURE4) Spain was troubled by deep-rooted religious conflictsWhich belief system requires fasting during Ramadan, praying five times daily, and making a pilgrimage to Mecca?1) Judaism2) Christianity3) ISLAM 4) Hinduism

Which concept is best reflected in this passage?1) Baptism2) Karma3) MONOTHEISM4) AnimismTHE SPREAD OF RELIGIONS The introduction of Buddhism into Japan and of Christianity into Africa are examples of1) Modernization 2) Ethnic conflict3) CULTURAL DIFFUSION4) Isolation

Buddhism is introduced into Japan around A.D. 1200 Islam extends from the Middle East into Spain by A.D. 732 Catholic and Protestant missionaries bring Christianity to Africa in the 1800sEach of these statements reflects the concept of  1) CULTURAL DIFFUSION2) urbanization3) civil disobedience4) isolationism  

Buddhist temples are found in Japan Most Indonesians study the Koran Catholicism is the dominant religion in Latin AmericaThese statements illustrate a result of1) Westernization2) CULTURAL DIFFUSION3) Economic nationalism4) Fundamentalism

The practice of Islam throughout much of West Africa is evidence that1) ISLAM SPREAD BEYOND THE BORDERS OF THE ARABIAN PENINSULA2) Chinese trade carried Islamic beliefs to West Africa3) Islam originated in West Africa and spread it to the Middle East4) Europeans encouraged Islamic beliefs during the colonial periodThe spread of Islam into the kingdoms of Ghana and Mali resulted from1) Imperialism2) Ethnocentrism3) CULTURAL DIFFUSION4) Self-determination

Which concept is most closely associated with this map of Asia?1) Nonalignment2) Urbanization3) Colonization4) CULTURAL DIFFUSION

  Which area was most affected by the spread of both Islam and Buddhism in the period from 200 B.C. to A.D. 1450?1) INDIAN SUBCONTINENT2) Japanese Islands3) Arabian Peninsula4) Coastal China

What is the best conclusion based on the information provided by this map?1) ISLAM HAS BECOME THE DOMINANT RELIGION IN MANY DIVERSE CULTURES OVER TIME2) Islam was very slow to expand from its original development in Persia3) Islam spread to regions that had cultures similar to those of Arabia4) Islam’s influence is rapidly decreasing in the modern worldAccording to the map, by A.D. 750 Islam had spread from

1) Mecca to Asia Minor2) Cairo to Tours3) Senegal to India4) THE INDUS RIVER TO SPAINMORAL CODESOne way in which the Eightfold Path and the Five Pillars of Faith are similar is that these rules1) REPRESENT CODES OF BEHAVIOR2) restrict social mobility3) stress the spiritual being in all natural objects4) suggest a deep respect for nature and reincarnationOne way in which the Five Relationship, the Ten Commandments, and the Eightfold Path are similar is that they1) Promote polytheism2) Establish gender equality3) PROVIDE CODES OF BEHAVIOR4) Describe secularismThe Ten Commandments, the Eightfold Path, and the Five Pillars of Faith each serve to 1) PROVIDE FOLLOWERS WITH A GUIDE FOR LIVING2) Establish systems of justice3) Establish distinctions between social classes4) Provide regulations for government workers

Which speaker is expressing an idea from a polytheistic religion1) A2) B3) C4) DWhich speaker refers to the establishment of Islam?  1) A2) B3) C4) D Sunnis and Shiites have different views about who should lead the Muslim faith. Today some Hindus follow caste rules more closely than others do Most Buddhists belong to one of two main sects Christianity is practiced by both Catholics and ProtestantsWhich generalization is supported by the information in these four statements?1) IN MANY RELIGIONS, A RANGE OF BELIEFS OFTEN EXISTS2) A belief in a god is common to all religions3) A hierarchy of leadership exists in all religions4) Religion is becoming less important to people

The Ganges is sacred to people practicing Hinduism Shinto shrines are usually located near mountains or lakes The Jordan River is a site of many Christian baptismWhich conclusion is most valid based on these statements related to belief systems?1) The Middle East was the birthplace of these belief systems2) WATER PLAYS AN IMPORTANT ROLE IN THESE BELIEF SYSTEMS3) Pilgrimages to mountainous regions are encouraged by these belief systems4) Understanding nature is a requirement of these belief systems.