SBI4U: Functions of the Excretory System • Your body must _____________________ to remain healthy. • These systems ____________________ as parts of your __________________ Excretory System – removes excess ________________________________________, and other wastes from our _____________________. Very important in regulating how much _________________________________! • Kidneys – filter out excess ________________________ • Lungs – filter out _____________________, from the blood. • Skin – excretes water, as sweat, which contains some trace chemical wastes, including urea. Liver • The Liver – ________________________ (alcohol) so kidney can excrete them – Processes harmful products from ___________________________ for kidneys to excrete as urea • Wastes are ________________________________ before being sent to the kidney through the bloodstream Nitrogenous Wastes • Amino acids are broken down to _____________________ (highly toxic) which is _________________________________ • Nucleic Acids are broken down into ___________________ in the liver • Urea is the primary waste product in human urine
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SBI4U: Functions of the Excretory System
• Your body must _____________________ to remain healthy.• These systems ____________________ as parts of your __________________
Excretory System – removes excess ________________________________________, and other wastes from our _____________________. Very important in regulating how much _________________________________!• Kidneys – filter out excess ________________________• Lungs – filter out _____________________, from the blood.• Skin – excretes water, as sweat, which contains some trace chemical wastes,
including urea.
Liver• The Liver
– ________________________ (alcohol) so kidney can excrete them– Processes harmful products from ___________________________ for
kidneys to excrete as urea• Wastes are ________________________________ before being sent to the
kidney through the bloodstream
Nitrogenous Wastes• Amino acids are broken down to _____________________ (highly toxic) which is
_________________________________• Nucleic Acids are broken down into ___________________ in the liver
• Urea is the primary waste product in human urine
The Urinary System• The urinary system ________ the blood of ___________________________• The urinary system also ______________________ by removing excess water• Gets ________________________
Kidneys – ______________ and excess water from the blood.Ureters – _________ that take urine from the ________ to the
____________________Urinary Bladder – a ___________ that stores urine.Urethra – small tube that __________________________
Regulating Fluid Levels• The _____________ constantly monitors the amount of
_________________________• When there is not enough water in the blood the
hypothalmus releases __________________________this signals the kidney to _______________________
• When the brain detects _______________ in the blood, the hypothalamus _________________________________– This signals the kidneys to return less water to the blood and increase the
amount of wastewater, called ________________, that is excreted.– When there is lots of ADH in your blood your pee is ___________… why?
Organs of the Urinary System• The main organs of the urinary system are two bean-shaped ________________• The kidneys _____________________ that contains wastes collected from cells.• It is made up of about 1 million tiny filtering units called ____________________• In approximately 5 min, _____________________________________________• Approx. 2,000 L of blood is filtered daily by the kidneys.
Overview of the Urinary System• Blood enters the kidneys through the _________________• Blood enters the nephrons.• Water,sugar,salt and wastes in the blood enter a cuplike structure in nephron.• Capillaries reabsorb most of the water,sugar, and salt.• The renal vein returns purified blood to be circulated.• Urine drains from each collecting tubule into funnel shaped areas of the kidney• Urine flows from ureters to the urinary bladder• Urine flows from the bladder through the urethra
and out of the body.
Nephron Structure and Function• The kidneys have three basic mechanisms for
separating the various components of the blood: • _____________________________
• The structure of the kidney is such that it allows for this function