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ABSTRACTThe objectives of the present study were to
evaluation of short term and long term progestin-based protocol on follicle and oocyte development in goats. Non pregnant goats (n=24), 12 months of age.
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Goats were randomly assigned to receive one of two treatment groups. Goats in group 1 were synchronized using the short-term protocol (7 days) by which animals were inserted with intravaginal sponges containing 60 mg medroxyprogesterone acetate (MAP) for 7 days and were intramuscularly injected with 300 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG) on day 6. Goats in group 2 were inserted with the same progestin using the long-term protocol (14 days) and were injected with 300 IU PMSG on day 13, and ovariectomy was performed to determine numbers of follicle at 24 h after sponge removal. The number of visible small, medium follicles, total numbers of follicle and labeling index (LI) were similar between treatment groups. There were not significantly different between treatment groups (P>0.05) at any time during the experiment. However, the number of large follicle and number of healthy oocyte was significantly greater (P<0.05) in goats received short term than those goats received long term progestin. The greatest LI of granulosa layer was observed in large follicular of goats in short term group. These data clearly demonstrated that the short-term treatment in goats prevents the deleterious effects of long term treatment on oocyte quality and early embryonic development in goats.
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Figure Legends
Figure 1 Immunohistochemistry of PCNA in tissue sections of small follicle (A), medium follicle (B) and large follicle (C). The brownish color indicates positive PCNA staining (arrow). The blue color indicates negative PCNA staining (arrowheads). Magnification was with ×20 objective. The large whitish area on each image is the follicular antrum. Arrows identify the basement membrane. Magnification was with x20 objective lens. Scale bars represent 50 µm. G, granulosa cell layers; T, theca cell layers.
Figure 2 Plasma progesterone concentration in goats synchronized with MAP and PMSG
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Table 1 Effect of short-term (7 days) and long-term (14 days) progestin based protocol on number of visible follicles, oocyte collected and healthy oocytes
Measurement Short term Long term P-valueNo. of goats 12 12Small follicle ≤3 mm (n)
5.42 ± 0.43
5.50 ± 0.51
0.9027
Medium follicle 4-6 mm (n)
5.92 ± 0.46
5.83 ± 0.47
0.8981
Large follicle ≥7 mm (n)
3.2 ± 0.17a
2.4 ± 0.15b
0.0019
Total number of follicles (n)
14.54 ± 0.87
13.75 ± 0.76
0.5001
Total number of oocytes (n)
12.79 ± 0.89
12.75 ± 0.70
0.9710
Healthy oocytes (n)
9.42 ± 0.73a
5.50 ± 0.65b
0.0006a, b Within a row, means with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05).
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Table 2 Labeling index of granulosa and theca cells of small follicle (≤3 mm), medium follicle (4-6 mm) and large follicle (≥7 mm)
Items
Small follicle (≤3 mm)
Medium follicle (4-6 mm)
Large follicle (≥7 mm)
Granulosa labelingindex (%)
Thecalabelingindex (%)
Granulosalabelingindex (%)
Thecalabelingindex (%)
Granulosalabelingindex (%)
Thecalabelingindex (%)
ST 35.75 ± 1.67
17.83 ± 1.05
27.75 ± 1.30
16.42 ± 1.10
24.92 ± 0.91a
14.67 ± 0.84
LT 36.25 ± 0.99
16.50 ± 1.25
26.08 ± 0.81
15.17 ± 1.39
19.58 ± 1.18b
12.83 ± 0.59
a, b Within a column, means with different superscripts differ (P < 0.05).ST = Short-term, LT= Long-term