1. ABSTRACT This paper reviews the topic of voice recognizing web- browser. Voice recognition is a process that recognizes our human voice to produce sentence of word or commands. The output of voice recognition systems can be applied in various fields. Therefore, it will be implement in this project by expand a web browser with speech recognition. Nowadays, most of the web browsers don’t support speech recognition. For those who are disabilities in typing will facing problem during the web surfing. In this project we will focus on the method to develop prototype speech recognition by using Vb.net, a technology such an agent is implemented in the way for solving about the speech recognition. Vb.net provides necessary environment and libraries for voice recognition. The main objective of the project is to build a prototype of speech recognition to navigate a web browser in English language with continuous and speaker independent. Throughout the project, Vb.net is utilized to build the prototype. Moreover common research methodology is applied for the project development. 1
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1. ABSTRACT
This paper reviews the topic of voice recognizing web-browser. Voice recognition
is a process that recognizes our human voice to produce sentence of word or commands.
The output of voice recognition systems can be applied in various fields.
Therefore, it will be implement in this project by expand a web browser with speech
recognition.
Nowadays, most of the web browsers don’t support speech recognition. For those
who are disabilities in typing will facing problem during the web surfing. In this project
we will focus on the method to develop prototype speech recognition by using Vb.net, a
technology such an agent is implemented in the way for solving about the speech
recognition.
Vb.net provides necessary environment and libraries for voice recognition. The
main objective of the project is to build a prototype of speech recognition to navigate a
web browser in English language with continuous and speaker independent. Throughout
the project, Vb.net is utilized to build the prototype. Moreover common research
methodology is applied for the project development.
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2. INTRODUCTION
Web-browsing is defined as finding information documents or web-pages on the
internet associated with a given technical or other such criteria of interest to the user. The
primary mechanism to search for specific web pages is to key-in search strings of
characters to a search engine or the equivalent in a commercially available browser. The
searching provides a list of hits or matches and the specific text or web pages can be
displayed. Any of the listed web pages can be brought up on the screen by known
methods, e.g. ” pointing and clicking” on words that are “ linked ”to classes of
information desired and bringing up those web pages on the user’s screen if desired or at
least bring up the text on the user’s screen if graphics are not available to the user.
A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing
information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by
a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and may be a web page, image, video, or other piece
of content. Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to navigate their browsers
to related resources.
The goal of this project is to develop a Web browser that allows user to navigate
by speaking the text of a link or an associated number instead of clicking with a mouse.
Our project is useful to those people who have difficulty in accessing the World
Wide Web, and those who temporarily cannot use a existing web browser (for example,
because their eyes or hands are occupied or because they are not near their computer).
A voice browser is a web browser with the following capabilities:
Can interpret spoken input for navigation (speech recognition)
Can interpret spoken input to perform various task related to web browser.
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3. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
The goal of this project is to develop a Web browser that allows user to navigate
by speaking the text of a link or an associated number instead of clicking with a mouse.
Voice operated web browser is designed especially for a disabled person.
This web browser will have the ability to search, navigate web-pages on World
Wide Web from a PC through speech input i.e. the user will exercise control over the web
browsing through voice.
Speech recognition is a process that recognizes our human voice and converts it
into text or commands that would perform a specific task. The output of voice
recognition systems can be applied in various fields. Therefore, it will be implemented in
this project by introducing a web browser with speech recognition.
Since OS like windows / Mac introduced Speech Recognition technology,
developers began to concentrate more on this technology. Now days many Smart phones
offer speech recognition capabilities. The main objective of the project is to build a
prototype of speech recognition to navigate a web browser in English which is
continuous and speaker independent.
In our project we are going to develop a Web-browser which will support Speech
Recognition. This project is useful for those who have disabilities in typing and for those
who face problems during web surfing. In this project we are going to focus on the
method to develop prototype speech recognition by using Vb.net, a technology such an
agent is implemented in the way for solving about the speech recognition.
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4. LITERATURE SURVEYED
A web browser is a software application for retrieving, presenting, and traversing
information resources on the World Wide Web. An information resource is identified by
a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) and may be a web page, image, video, or other piece
of content. Hyperlinks present in resources enable users easily to navigate their browsers
to related resources.
A web browser can also be defined as an application software or program designed to
enable users to access, retrieve and view documents and other resources on the Internet.
Although browsers are primarily intended to access the World Wide Web, they can also
be used to access information provided by web servers in private networks or files in file
systems.
The major web browsers are Internet Explorer, Firefox, Google Chrome, Safari, and
Opera.
4.1 Web Browser History
Dozens of innovative web browsers have been created by various people and teams over
the years.
The first widely used web browser was NCSA Mosaic. The Mosaic programming team
then created the first commercial web browser called Netscape Navigator, later renamed
Communicator, then renamed back to just Netscape. The Netscape browser led in user
share until Microsoft Internet Explorer took the lead in 1999 due to its distribution
advantage. A free open source software version of Netscape was then developed called
Mozilla, which was the internal name for the old Netscape browser, and released in 2002.
Mozilla has since gained in market share, particularly on non-Windows platforms, largely
due to its open source foundation, and in 2004 was released in the quickly popular
Firefox version.
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A chronological listing of some of the influential early web browsers that advanced the
state of the art is provided below:
World Wide Web . Tim Berners-Lee wrote the first web browser on a NeXT
computer, called World Wide Web, finishing the first version on Christmas day,
1990. He released the program to a number of people at CERN in March, 1991,
introducing the web to the high energy physics community, and beginning its spread.
libwww . Berners-Lee and a student at CERN named Jean-Francois Groff ported the
World Wide Web application from the NeXT environment to the more common C
language in 1991 and 1992, calling the new browser libwww. Groff later started the
first web design company, InfoDesign.ch.
Line-mode . Nicola Pellow, a math student interning at CERN, wrote a line-mode web
browser that would work on any device, even a teletype. In 1991, Nicola and the team
ported the browser to a range of computers, from UNIX to Microsoft DOS, so that
anyone could access the web, at that point consisting primarily of the CERN phone
book.
Erwise . After a visit from Robert Cailliau, a group of students at Helsinki University
of Technology joined together to write a web browser as a master's project. Since the
acronym for their department was called "OTH", they called the browser "erwise", as
a joke on the word "otherwise". The final version was released in April, 1992, and
included several advanced features, but wasn't developed further after the students
graduated and went on to other jobs.
ViolaWWW . Pei Wei, a student at the University of California at Berkeley, released
the second browser for Unix, called ViolaWWW, in May, 1992. This browser was
built on the powerful interpretive language called Viola that Wei had developed for
Unix computers. ViolaWWW had a range of advanced features, including the ability
to display graphics and download applets.
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Midas . During the summer of 1992, Tony Johnson at SLAC developed a third
browser for Unix systems, called Midas, to help distribute information to colleagues
about his physics research.
Samba . Robert Cailliau started development of the first web browser for the
Macintosh, called Samba. Development was picked up by Nicola Pellow, and the
browser was functional by the end of 1992.
Mosaic . Marc Andreessen and Eric Bina from the NCSA released the first version of
Mosaic for X-Windows on UNIX computers in February, 1993. A version for the
Macintosh was developed by Aleks Totic and released a few months later, making
Mosaic the first browser with cross-platform support. Mosaic introduced support for
sound, video clips, forms support, bookmarks, and history files, and quickly became
the most popular non-commercial web browser. In August, 1994, NCSA assigned
commercial rights to Mosaic to Spyglass, Inc., which subsequently licensed the
technology to several other companies, including Microsoft for use in Internet
Explorer. The NCSA stopped developing Mosaic in January 1997.
Arena . In 1993, Dave Raggett at Hewlett-Packard in Bristol, England, developed a
browser called Arena, with powerful features for positioning tables and graphics.
Lynx . The University of Kansas had written a hypertext browser independently of the
web, called Lynx, used to distribute campus information. A student named Lou
Montulli added an Internet interface to the program, and released the web browser
Lynx 2.0 in March, 1993. Lynx quickly became the preferred web browser for
character mode terminals without graphics, and remains in use today. Resources
include the Browser.org Lynx page, the ISC Lynx page, and the Lynx User Guide.
Cello . Tom Bruce, cofounder of the Legal Information Institute, realized that most
lawyers used Microsoft PC's, and so he developed a web browser for that platform
called Cello, finished in the summer of 1993.
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Opera . In 1994, the Opera browser was developed by a team of researchers at a
telecommunication company called Telenor in Oslo, Norway. The following year,
two members of the team -- Jon Stephenson von Tetzchner and Geir Ivarsøy -- left
Telenor to establish Opera Software to develop the browser commercially. Opera 2.1
was first made available on the Internet in the summer of 1996.
Internet in a box . In January, 1994, O'Reilly and Associates announced a product
called Internet in a Box which collected all of the software needed to access the web
together, so that you only had to install one application, instead of downloading and
installing several programs. While not a unique browser in its own right, this product
was a breakthrough because it distributed other browsers and made the web a lot
more accessible to the home user.
Navipress . In February, 1994, Navisoft released a browser for the PC and Macintosh
called Navipress. This was the first browser since Berners-Lee's WorldWideWeb
browser that incorporated an editor, so that you could browse and edit content at the
same time. Navipress later became AOLPress, and is still available in some download
locations on the Internet but has not been maintained since 1997.
Mozilla . In October, 1994, Netscape released the the first beta version of their
browser, Mozilla 0.96b, over the Internet. On December 15, the final version was
released, Mozilla 1.0, making it the first commercial web browser. An open source
version of the Netscape browser was released in 2002 was also named Mozilla in
tribute to this early version, and then released as the quickly popular FireFox in
November, 2004.
Internet Explorer . On August 23rd, 1995, Microsoft released their Windows 95
operating system, including a Web browser called Internet Explorer. By the fall of
1996, Explorer had a third of market share, and passed Netscape to become the
leading web browser in 1999.
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4.2 Features
Available web browsers range in features from minimal, text-based user interfaces with
bare-bones support for HTML to rich user interfaces supporting a wide variety of file
formats and protocols. Browsers which include additional components to support e-mail,
Usenet news, and Internet Relay Chat (IRC), are sometimes referred to as "Internet
suites" rather than merely "web browsers".
All major web browsers allow the user to open multiple information resources at the
same time, either in different browser windows or in different tabs of the same window.
Major browsers also include pop-up blockers to prevent unwanted windows from
"popping up" without the user's consent.
Most web browsers can display a list of web pages that the user has bookmarked so that
the user can quickly return to them. Bookmarks are also called "Favorites" in Internet
Explorer. In addition, all major web browsers have some form of built-in web feed
aggregator. In Firefox, web feeds are formatted as "live bookmarks" and behave like a
folder of bookmarks corresponding to recent entries in the feed. In Opera, a more
traditional feed reader is included which stores and displays the contents of the feed.
Furthermore, most browsers can be extended via plug-ins, downloadable components that
provide additional features.
4.3 User interface
Most major web browsers have these user interface elements in common:[17]
Back and forward buttons to go back to the previous resource and forward
respectively.
A refresh or reload button to reload the current resource.
A stop button to cancel loading the resource. In some browsers, the stop button is