€¦ · Web view2020. 8. 31. · Task Number. Homework Task. Due Date. Teacher Signature. 1. UR01 The Earth’s Resources. 2. UR02 Water Safe to Drink. UR03 Treating Waste Water.

ChemistryKS4 Using Resources

Homework Booklet

Name: _________________________________________Class: _________________________________________Teacher: _______________________________________

Read the UR01 sections on your knowledge organisers before you begin.

Comprehension Task Electricity is often generated using fossil fuels or nuclear fuels. It is estimated that there are approximately 1 trillion tonnes of coal available in the Earth’s crust.

One renewable source of electricity is wind energy. Wind turbines require very strong magnets, made from an element called neodymium. It is estimated that there are about 8 million tonnes

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Task Number

Homework Task Due Date

Teacher Signature

1 UR01 The Earth’s Resources

2UR02 Water Safe to DrinkUR03 Treating Waste WaterUR04 Water Purification RP

3 UR05 Extracting Metals from Ores4 UR06 Life Cycle Assessments5 UR07 Reduce, Reuse, Recycle6 UR08 Rusting7 UR09 Useful Alloys8 UR10 The Properties of Polymers

UR11 Glass, Ceramics and Composites9 UR12 Making Ammonia – Haber Process

UR13 Economics of the Haber Process10 UR14 Making Fertiliser in the Lab

UR15 Making Fertiliser in industry

UR01

The Earth’s Resources – I should know… R A G

Some examples of natural products that can be replaced by agricultural and synthetic products.

How to describe the difference between a finite and renewable resource.

How to interpret information about resources from charts, graphs, and tables.

UR01 Earth’s Resources Exam Question Practise

Q1.

(a) Carpets are made from:

• poly(propene)

• wool

• a mixture of poly(propene) and wool.

Poly(propene) wears out more slowly than wool.

A mixture of poly(propene) and wool to make carpets is more sustainable than using just poly(propene) or just wool.

Suggest why.


Comprehension Task Electricity is often generated using fossil fuels or nuclear fuels. It is estimated that there are approximately 1 trillion tonnes of coal available in the Earth’s crust.

One renewable source of electricity is wind energy. Wind turbines require very strong magnets, made from an element called neodymium. It is estimated that there are about 8 million tonnes

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(2)

Polymer fibres are used to make firefighter uniforms.

The table below shows some properties of two polymer fibres.

Polymer fibres

Property Poly(propene) Polyester

Density in g/cm3 0.90 1.38

Melting point in °C 165 260

Flame resistance Poor Good

Water absorption Low High

(b) Evaluate the suitability of poly(propene) and polyester for firefighter uniforms. (4)

Q2.The diagram shows a greenhouse.

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A greenhouse frame can be made from wood or aluminium.

The table below gives some information about wood and aluminium.

Wood Aluminium

Raw material Renewable Non-renewable

Mass of greenhouse frame in kg 80 20

Useful lifetime in years 20 50

End of useful life Can be chopped up and used as fuel

Can be recycled into new aluminium

products

(a) Evaluate the use of each material for making greenhouse frames.

Use the table above. (4)

(b) Greenhouse frames are transported by lorry.

The lorry used can carry a maximum load of 12 tonnes.

Calculate the largest number of wooden greenhouse frames which could be transported by the lorry.Use the table on the previous page. Show your working.100 kg = 1 tonne

Number of wooden greenhouse frames = ____________________(2)

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(c) It is more sustainable to make greenhouse frames from recycled aluminium than from aluminium from aluminium ore.

Give two reasons why.

1.

2. (2)

UR02

Water Safe to Drink – I should know… R A G

The difference between potable water and pure water. The differences in treatment of ground water and salty water.

UR03

Treatment of Waste Water – I should know… R A G

How waste water is made safe to release into the environment (the stages of treatment).

The differences in how easy it is to get potable water from waste, ground and salt water.

UR04Water Purification RP – I should know… R A G

How to carry out a simple distillation of salt solution.

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How to test a distillate to determine its purity.

TYPE HERE

UR02 and UR03 and UR04 Water Treatment Exam Question Practise

Q1.Potable water is water that is safe to drink.

Seawater can be changed into potable water by desalination.

(a) Name the substance removed from seawater by desalination. (1)

(b) Desalination requires large amounts of energy.

Read the UR02, UR03 and UR04 keyword sections on your knowledge organisers before you begin.

Comprehension TaskUsing the equipment listed, write a short method describing how to purify salty water by distillation.

Include a short test you could use to show that the water you produced is pure.

Try to limit your answers to 100 words Equipment

Bunsen burner Tripod & gauze Conical flask Delivery tube with bung Ice water Beaker Test tube

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Desalination is only used when there is no other source of potable water.

Give one reason why. (1)

Water from lakes and rivers can be treated to make it potable.

(c) The first stage is to filter the water from lakes and rivers.

Why is the water filtered? (1)

(d) Chlorine gas is then added to the filtered water.

Why is chlorine gas used to treat water? (1)

(e) Describe a test for chlorine gas.

Give the result of the test if chlorine is present.

Test

Result (2)

Some students investigated different water samples.

The table shows some of their results.

Water pH Mass of dissolved solid in g / dm3

Tap water 6.5 0.5

Seawater 8.1 35.0

Pure water

(f) Complete the table above to show the expected results for pure water.

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(2)

(g) What mass of dissolved solid is present in 100 cm 3 of the sample of tap water?

Tick (✔) one box.

0.05 g

0.5 g

5 g

50 g

(1)

Q2.Water from a lake in the UK is used to produce drinking water.

(a) What are the two main steps used to treat water from lakes?

Give a reason for each step.

Step 1

Reason

Step 2

Reason (2)

(b) Explain why it is more difficult to produce drinking water from waste water than from water in lakes.

(3)

(c) Some countries make drinking water from sea water.

Complete the figure below to show how you can distil salt solution to produce and

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collect pure water.

Label the following (you only need to write the abbreviations)• pure water (PW)• salt solution (SS)

(3)

(d) How could the water be tested to show it is pure?

Give the expected result of the test for pure water. (2)

(e) Why is producing drinking water from sea water expensive? (1)

UR05

Extracting Metals from Ores [HIGHER] – I should know… R A G

How to evaluate alternative biological methods of metal extraction from information.


Comprehension Task

The QR code will take you to a BBC bitesize page.Page 9 of 46

UR05 Alternative Extraction Methods Exam Question Practise

Q1.Metals are extracted from their ores.

Many copper ores contain only 2% of copper compounds.

(a) Copper is now extracted from ores containing a low percentage of copper compounds.

Suggest two reasons why. (2)

Comprehension Task

The QR code will take you to a BBC bitesize page.

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(b) Chalcocite, an ore of copper, contains copper sulfide.

The flow diagram shows how copper metal is extracted from chalcocite.

(i) Suggest one reason why it is difficult to dispose of the waste rock. (1)

(ii) The extraction of pure copper is expensive.Give two reasons why.

(2)

(c) Phytomining is used to obtain copper from land that contains very low percentages of copper compounds.

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Describe how copper compounds are obtained by phytomining. (3)

(d) Describe another method for extracting copper compounds from low quality copper ore.

(3)

(e) The impure copper from phytomining reacts with sulphuric acid to produce copper sulphate solution

Copper is produced from copper sulfate solution by displacement using scrap iron or by electrolysis.

(i) Give two reasons why scrap iron is used to displace copper. (2)

(ii) The image below shows the electrolysis of copper sulfate solution.

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Describe what happens to the copper ions during electrolysis. (2)

UR06 Life Cycle Assessments – I should know… R A G

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How to carry out a simple comparison of Lifecycle Assessment for shopping bags made from paper and plastic.

How to evaluate the Life Cycle Assessments of materials or products from given information.


Comprehension Task Below are the 5 stages that are considered for a life cycle assessment.

Describe the possible negative environmental effects at each stage

Extraction and processing

Manufacturing

Use and Reuse

Disposal

Transport

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UR06 Life Cycle Assessments Exam Question Practise

Q1.Disposable cups are made from coated paper or poly(styrene).

The table below shows information on the life cycle assessments (LCAs) of disposable cups.

Coated paper cups

Poly(styrene) cups

Raw materials Wood Crude oil

Mass of 1 cup in g 8.3 1.9

Energy to produce 1 cup in kJ 550 200

Energy released when 1 cup is burned in kJ 166 76

Biodegradable Yes No

Recyclable No Yes

(a) Evaluate the use of coated paper compared with poly(styrene) to make disposable cups.

Use the table above and your knowledge and understanding of LCAs. (6)

(b) Calculate the energy needed to produce 1.00 kg of coated paper cups.

Use the table above.

Give your answer in standard form. Show your working.

Energy = __________________ kJ(2)

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Q2.

(a) Carrier bags in supermarkets used to be provided free. Supermarkets now make customers pay for carrier bags.

When they were free, 8.0 billion new carrier bags were used each year.

After supermarkets started making customers pay for carrier bags, the use of new bags dropped by 85%.

Calculate how many carrier bags are now used each year. Show your working

Number of bags = ____________________(2)

(b) There are two types of carrier bag in common use:

• disposable bags• bags for life.

Bags for life can be returned to the supermarket when no longer usable.

The supermarket replaces the bag for life free of charge and arranges for the bag to be recycled.

The table below shows data from a life cycle assessment (LCA) for the two types of carrier bag.

Disposable bag Bag for life

Type of polymer HD poly(ethene) LD poly(ethene)

Raw material from which polymer is made Crude oil Crude oil

Mass of waste material per bag from production in grams

0.42 0.17

Mass of carbon dioxide emitted per bag during production and transport in grams

1.6 6.9

Mean number of times used 1 6

Possible disposal methods

LandfillIncinerationRecycling

LandfillIncinerationRecycling

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Evaluate the use of each type of carrier bag.

Use data from the table and your own knowledge. (6)

UR07

Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle – I should know… R A G

How using less, reusing and recycling of materials decreases their environmental impact.

How to evaluate ways of reducing the use of limited supplies of metal ores from information.


Comprehension Task The three R’s are Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. By following the three R’s, we can:

Use fewer resources Produce cheaper materials Cause less environmental damage

Explain how following the three R’s leads to these improvements.

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UR07 Reduce, Reuse and Recycle Exam Question Practise

Q1.

Copper is obtained from copper ores or by recycling copper.• Copper ores are non-renewable.• Copper ores can be obtained by mining.• Some scrap copper goes to landfill sites.

Give three reasons why we should use recycled copper instead of copper from copper ores.

1.

2.

3. (3)

Q2.

(a) The flow diagram shows a simple life cycle of a car body.

When a car reaches the end of its useful life, the car body can be:

recycled reused sent to landfill.

Give three reasons why a steel car body should be recycled and not reused or sent to landfill.

(3)

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Q3.This question is about copper.

(a) Most of the copper extracted is used in electric circuits.

The figure below shows how impurities change the electrical conductivity of copper.

Percentage of impurities in copper

Copper extracted by smelting is about 99% pure.

The 99% pure copper produced by smelting is purified to 99.9999% pure copper by electrolysis.

Use values from the graph to explain why copper is purified to 99.9999%. (2)

(b) In this question you will be assessed on using good English, organising information clearly and using specialist terms where appropriate.

Read the information in the box.

Copper extractionWorld demand for copper for the year 2011 was about 20 million tonnes.

World reserves of copper are estimated to be 700 million tonnes.

Most of the copper used is obtained from copper ores, which are mined.

The copper ore chalcopyrite is heated in a furnace to produce copper sulfide, CuS

The furnace is heated by burning fossil fuels.

Air is then blown through the hot copper sulfide, to produce copper and sulfur dioxide.

CuS + O2 → Cu + SO2

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A scientist made the statement: ‘Copper should be recycled’.

Use the information in the box and your own knowledge and understanding to justify the scientist’s statement.

(6)

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UR08

Rusting [CHEMISTRY ONLY] – I should know… R A G

How experimental results can be used to show the conditions of rusting.

How to protect iron from rusting.


Comprehension Task Three iron nails are shown below. Two are wrapped in a wire of a different metal.

Which nail will corrode fastest. Explain your answer.

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UR08 Rusting Exam Question Practise

Q1.The figure below shows six test tubes a student set up to investigate the rusting of iron.

This is the method used for each test tube.

1. Measure the mass of the nail using a balance.2. Leave the nail in the test tube for 6 days.3. Measure the mass of the nail after 6 days.

The table below shows the student’s measurements.

Test tube Mass of nail in gMass of nail

after6 days in g

1 8.45 8.91

2 8.46 8.46

3 8.51 8.51

4 9.65 9.65

5 9.37 9.45

6 9.79 9.79

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(a) Calculate the difference in percentage increase in mass after 6 days of the nail in test tube 1 and the nail in test tube 5.

Give your answer to three significant figures. Show your working

Difference in percentage increase in mass = __________ %(4)

(b) Use the results of the student’s investigations to draw conclusions about the factors affecting the rusting of iron. Include an evaluation of the effectiveness of different coatings at preventing the rusting of iron.

(6)

(c) Rust is hydrated iron(III) oxide.

Complete the word equation for the reaction.

__________ + __________ + __________ → hydrated iron(III) oxide(2)

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Q2.Iron will rust in damp air.

(a) A student set up the apparatus shown in the diagram below:

The student left the apparatus for a few days.

The water level in the burette slowly went up and then stopped rising.

The image below shows the water level in the burette at the start of the experiment and after a few days.

At start After a few days

(i) Complete the table below to show the reading on the burette after a few days.

Burette reading at start 24.7 cm3

Burette reading after a few days _________________cm3

(1)

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(ii) Calculate the volume of oxygen used up in the reaction.

Volume = _________________________ cm3

(1)

(iii) The percentage of air that is oxygen can be calculated using the equation:

percentage of air that is oxygen = × 100

The student cannot use his results to calculate the correct percentage of air that is oxygen.

Explain why. (2)

(b) A student investigated the rusting of an iron nail at different temperatures.

This is the method the student used:

• measure the mass of a nail

• set up apparatus as shown below

• leave for 3 days

• measure the mass of the rusted nail.

The student repeated the experiment at different temperatures using a new, identical, nail each time.

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The student’s results are shown on the graph below:

Temperature in °C

(i) Why does the mass of the nail increase when it rusts? (1)

(ii) Use the graph to describe the relationship between the temperature and the increase in mass of the nail.

(3)

(iii) The increase in mass of the nail after 3 days is a measure of the rate of rusting.

The student’s graph does not correctly show how increasing the temperature above 42 °C changes the rate of rusting.

Why does the rate of rusting appear not to increase above 42oC? (1)

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UR09

Useful Alloys [CHEMISTRY ONLY] – I should know… R A G

Why metals are alloyed. Some examples of common alloys, including types of steel. How to evaluate the composition and uses of alloys from

information.


Comprehension Task The table below shows information about different types of steel

Alloy steel Elements in addition to iron PropertiesHigh carbon steel Carbon Strong, brittleLow carbon steel Carbon Softer, more easily shapedStainless steel Chromium and nickel Hard, resistant to rusting

State a use for each type of steel. Explain your reasoning in each case.

High carbon steel

Low carbon steel

Stainless steel

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UR09 Useful Alloys Exam Question Practise

Q1.Dental braces are made from nitinol wires. Nitinol is a mixture of metals.

(a) Nitinol can return to its original shape after being deformed.

Highlight the correct answer to complete the sentence.

Nitinol is a shape memory

alloy.

catalyst.

polymer.

(1)

(b) The image below shows the arrangement of atoms in a pure metal and in a mixture of metals.

Pure metal Mixture of metals

The mixture of metals is harder than the pure metal.

Use the image above to explain why. (2)

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(c) Gold and stainless steel are also used for dental braces.

Suggest two factors to consider when choosing which metal to use for dental braces. (2)

Q2.This question is about alloys of copper.

(a) Complete the sentence.

Choose the answer from the box.

aluminium iron magnesium tin

Bronze is an alloy of copper and ____________________.(1)

Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.

The table shows the percentage by mass of copper and zinc in two types of brass.

Type of brassPercentage (%) by mass

Copper Zinc

Red brass 90 10

Yellow brass X 30

(b) Calculate value X in the table above.

Percentage by mass X = ____________________ %(1)

(c) Calculate the mass of copper in 1100 g of red brass.

Mass = ____________________ g(2)

(d) Old 5p and 10p coins in the UK were made from cupro-nickel.Cupro-nickel is 75% copper and 25% nickel.

New 5p and 10p coins in the UK are now made from nickel-plated steel and not from cupro-nickel.

Explain why.

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(2)

Q3.Gold is mixed with other metals to make jewellery.

The chart below shows the composition of different carat values of gold.

(a) What is the percentage of gold in 12 carat gold?

Tick one box.

12 % 30 % 50 % 80 %

(1)

(b) Give the percentage of silver in 18 carat gold.

Use the chart above to answer this question.

Percentage = _____________________________ %(1)

(c) The cost of pure gold is £30 per gram.

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Calculate the cost of the gold contained in 5 grams of 9 carat gold. Show your working

Cost of gold = £______________________(3)

(d) Pure gold is 24 carats.

Suggest two reasons why silver and copper are mixed with gold to make 9 carat gold rings.

1.

2. (2)

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UR10

The Properties of Polymers [CHEMISTRY ONLY] – I should know… R A G

That the properties of polymers depend on their monomers. That changing reaction conditions can modify the polymer

that is made. The difference between a thermosetting and

thermosoftening polymer.

UR11

Glass, Ceramics and Composites [CHEMISTRY ONLY] – I should know…

R A G

How to use numerical data to compare the physical properties of glass, clay, ceramics, polymers, composites and metals.

How the properties of materials are related to their uses.

Read the UR10 and UR11 sections on your knowledge organisers before you begin.

Comprehension Task Gore-Tex is a brand of breathable fabric.

It is a composite material made up of several layers.

With reference to the image, explain why it is a composite material

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UR10 and UR11 Materials Exam Question Practise

Q1.

Poly(ethene) is made of carbon and hydrogen atoms.

Poly(ethene) is a thermosoftening polymer.

The diagram below shows the structure of a thermosoftening polymer.

(a) Complete the sentence.

Between the polymer chains in a thermosoftening polymer there

are no _______________________ .(1)

(b) Use the correct answer from the box to complete the sentence.

condense dissolve melt

Heating would cause a thermosoftening polymer to

_____________________ .(1)

(c) Many ethene molecules react together to make poly(ethene).

Different types of poly(ethene) can be made by changing the conditions for the reaction.Suggest two conditions that could be changed.

1.

Comprehension Task Gore-Tex is a brand of breathable fabric.

It is a composite material made up of several layers.

With reference to the image, explain why it is a composite material

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2. (2)

(d) Explain why thermosetting polymers are better than thermosoftening polymers for saucepan handles.

(2)

Q2.Plastic and glass can be used to make milk bottles.

The table below gives information about milk bottles.

Glass milk bottle Plastic milk bottle

Raw materials Sand, limestone, salt Crude oil

Bottle material Soda-lime glass HD poly(ethene)

Initial stage inproduction of bottlematerial

Limestone and saltused to produce

sodium carbonate.

Production of naphtha fraction.

Maximum temperaturein production process

1600 °C 850 °C

Number of times bottle can be used for milk

25 1

Size(s) of bottle 0.5 dm3 0.5 dm3, 1 dm3, 2 dm3, 3 dm3

Percentage (%) of recycled material used in new bottles

50 % 10 %

Evaluate the production and use of bottles made from soda-lime glass and those made from HD poly(ethene).

Use the information given and your knowledge and understanding to justify your choice of material for milk bottles.

(6)

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Q3.In the UK, railway sleepers were made from wood.They are now often made from concrete.

A scientist was asked to find the best concrete mixture to use so that railway sleepers would not break easily.The scientist made:

• a mould to make small models of concrete sleepers

• concrete mixtures using crushed rock, sand, cement and water

• the equipment shown to add 0.1 kg masses until the model sleeper broke.

The scientist’s results are shown in the table.

Concrete mixturein % by volume Total mass added to break the model sleeper in kg

Cement Sand Crushedrock Test 1 Test 2 Test 3 Test 4 Mean

10 70 20 1.2 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.2

20 60 20 3.0 2.6 2.5 2.4

30 50 20 3.5 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3

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40 40 20 3.9 3.8 4.0 3.3 3.9

50 30 20 4.2 4.5 4.2 4.3 4.3

(a) Calculate the mean total mass added to break the model sleeper that has 20 % cement by volume.

Mean = ______________ kg(2)

(b) State one conclusion that the scientist could make from these results. (1)

(c) The scientist sent the results in a report to a company that makes full-size concrete railway sleepers.

Suggest two other factors that the company should take into consideration before deciding which mixture to use to make a full-size concrete railway sleeper.

(2)

(d) Reinforced concrete is made by pouring concrete around a mesh of steel cables

(i) What is the name for this type of material which is made from two or more different materials?

(1)

(ii) Describe how the properties of steel and cement combine to make a product that is more useful overall

(2)

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UR12

Making Ammonia – the Haber Process [CHEM ONLY] – I should know…

R A G

Why nitrogen-based fertilisers are needed to improve crop yields.

Why ammonia is an important compound. The raw materials and conditions used to manufacture

ammonia.

UR13

The Economics of the Haber Process [CHEM ONLY] – I should know…

R A G

[HIGHER] How the conditions used for the Haber Process are a compromise to ideal (theoretical) conditions to balance the rate, control equilibrium position and, therefore, improve economic viability.


Comprehension Task The image shows a diagram of the Haber process. Study it, then answer the following questions:

1. Why is a compressor needed for the process?

2. Why are the reactants passed over catalyst beds?

3. Why is a cooling tank needed?

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UR12 and UR13 Haber Process Exam Question Practise

Q1.This question is about the Haber process.

The diagram below shows a flow diagram for the Haber process.

(a) (i) Nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas are obtained from different sources.Draw one line from each gas to its source.

Comprehension Task The image shows a diagram of the Haber process. Study it, then answer the following questions:

1. Why is a compressor needed for the process?

2. Why are the reactants passed over catalyst beds?

3. Why is a cooling tank needed?

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(2)

(ii) Explain why iron is used in the reactor for the Haber process. (2)

(iii) Describe how the ammonia is separated from the other gases. (2)

(iv) What happens to the mixture of unreacted gases (nitrogen and hydrogen)? (1)

(b) Give the approximate temperature and pressure used in the reactor.

Temperature ____________________

Pressure (2)

(c) The reaction to produce ammonia is reversible. The equation for the reaction is

N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)

What happens to the amount of ammonia produced at equilibrium if the pressure is increased?

Give a reason for your answer. (2)

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Q2.The image below shows a flow diagram for the Haber process.

(a) (i) Air is the source used to produce nitrogen for the Haber process.Suggest why air must not get into the reactor.

(2)

(ii) Describe what happens to the mixture of gases from the reactor. (3)

(b) The graph below shows the percentage yield of ammonia using different conditions.

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(i) Use the graph to suggest the conditions that produce the greatest yield of ammonia.

(1)

(ii) Use the graph to suggest and explain why the conditions used to produce ammonia in the Haber process are a temperature of 450 °C and a pressure of 200 atmospheres.

(5)

UR14

Making Fertilisers in the Lab [CHEM ONLY] – I should know… R A G

How ammonia can be neutralised by acids to make fertilisers. How to prepare a fertiliser in the laboratory.

UR15 Making Fertilisers in Industry [CHEM ONLY] – I should know… R A G

Why compounds of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are used as fertilisers to improve crop yield.

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The processes involved in getting the compounds used to make fertilisers.

How to compare the industrial production of fertilisers with how they are made in the laboratory.

UR14 and UR15 Making Fertilisers Exam Question PractiseQ1.

(a) A neutral solution can be produced when ammonia reacts with an acid.

Name the salt produced when ammonia reacts with hydrochloric acid.


Comprehension Task Ammonium nitrate is a fertiliser that can be made by reacting ammonium hydroxide with nitric acid: NH4OH + HNO3 → NH4NO3 + H2O

Ammonium hydroxide is an alkali Nitric acid is an acid Ammonium nitrate has a neutral pH

Briefly describe how you could produce a small volume of ammonium nitrate solution in a test tube. Remember to consider how you could ascertain whether there is any excess ammonium hydroxide or nitric acid.

What would you need to consider when modifying your method to produce very large quantities of ammonium nitrate in a factory?

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_____________________________________(1)

(b) In this question you will be assessed on using good English, organising information clearly and using specialist terms where appropriate.

Farmers use ammonium nitrate as a fertiliser for crops.

Rainwater dissolves ammonium nitrate in the soil.

Some of the dissolved ammonium nitrate runs off into rivers and lakes.

The graphs A, B and C below show information about the use of ammonium nitrate as a fertiliser. A hectare is a measurement of an area of land.

Suggest how much ammonium nitrate farmers should use per hectare.

Give reasons for your answer.

Use information from graphs A, B and C. (6)

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Q2.Fertilisers are used to improve agricultural productivity.

(a) Ammonium nitrate is used in fertilisers.

Name the two compounds used to manufacture ammonium nitrate. (1)

(b) A fertiliser contains the following information on the label:

NPK value = 14 : 11 : 11

Explain why this information is useful to farmers. (2)

(c) The figure below shows worldwide ammonia production and world population from 1950 to 2010.

Use the figure above and your knowledge to explain the relationship between ammonia production and world population.

(3)

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Most of the ammonia produced is used to make fertilisers.

The table below shows information about compounds used as fertilisers.

Compound Formula Cost in £ / tonne

A NH4NO3 220

B (NH4)2HPO4 350

C KCl 235

(d) Which element in compound A improves agricultural productivity? (1)

(e) Which two compounds can be mixed to make a fertiliser containing three elements that improve agricultural productivity?

Give a reason why you have chosen these compounds.

Compounds ___________ and ___________

Reason (2)

(f) The image below shows a flow chart for the production of compounds B and C.

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Suggest two possible reasons for the difference in cost between compounds B and C.

1.

2. (2)

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€¦ · Web view2020. 8. 31. · Task Number. Homework Task. Due Date. Teacher Signature. 1. UR01 The Earth’s Resources. 2. UR02 Water Safe to Drink. UR03 Treating Waste Water.

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