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FORMULATION AND EVALUATION OF HERBAL HAIR
OIL
A.Krishna sailaja and Sindhu Kadari, Department of pharmaceutics,
RBVRR Women’s college of pharmacy, Affiliated to Osmania
University
Email:- [email protected]
ABSTRACT
Hair plays a vital role in the personality of human and for their cure we use lots of
cosmetic products. The fading (pigmentation problem), dandruff, alopecia (loss of
hair) is the major problem associated with hairs. Ayurvedic system is the traditional
system of medicine having major treatment across globe. objective of present study
involves preparation of herbal hair oil for increase in hair growth activity. Mixture of
crude drugs; fruits of Embelica officinalis(amla), flowers of Hibiscus rosa
sinensis(hibiscus), leaves of Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi) and seeds of Trigonella
foenumgraecum(methi) were prepared in varying concentration in the form of herbal
hair oil by three different oils preparation techniques. The oil was prepared according
to Ayurvedic Formulary of India. Thus, this report largely focussed on hair oils,
mainly based on the comparison of herbal hair oil with marketed hair oil.
Key words: Hair oil, Hibiscus, Amla, Methi, Brahmi.
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INTRODUCTION
The word Cosmetic was derived from the Greek word “Kosm tiko” meaning – Having
the power, arrange skill in decorating.
According to Drugs and Cosmetics Act,1940 cosmetics have been defined as “any
article intended to be rubbed, poured, sprinkled, or sprayed on, or introduced into, or
otherwise applied to the human body or any other part therefore cleansing,
beautifying, promoting attractiveness or altering the appearance and includes any
article intended for use as a component of cosmetic”.
Cosmetics are considered as essential components in life. They not only help to attract
the opposite sex but also impart a psychological advantage. They have gained
popularity for 3-4 decades and their use has increased exponentially since then both in
males and females. The most popular cosmetics are hair dyes, powders and creams.
Herbal products are a type of medicine that uses roots, stems, leaves, flowers, or seeds
of plants to improve health, prevent disease, and treat illness1.
Herbal products are available as tablets, capsules, powders, extracts, teas and so on.
Herbal products are thought to be safe as it is natural, but in fact it can cause serious
adverse effects if consumed improperly or in excessive amount.
Herbal cosmetics are used for both skin and hair care.
Herbal cosmetics, hereby in after referred as products, are formulated using various
permissible cosmetic ingredients to form the base in which one or more herbal
ingredients are used to provide defined cosmetics benefits only, shall be called as
“Herbal Cosmetics”
Herbal hair products are used for cleansing, removing dirt particles, styling, colouring,
etc
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HAIR OIL: Hair oil is oil applied to the hair as a cosmetic, conditioner, styling aid,
restorative or tonic. Hair oils are the hair care formulations applied for cure of hair
disorders such as baldness, greying of hairs, hair falling, and dryness of hairs. This
preparation is generally used to increase the growth of hair & remains healthy.
Types: mineral oils, vegetable hair oils2
HAIR LOTION: Hair lotion has a stimulating effect upon the hair follicles. They are
generally perfumed with oil of rosemary and others ascenes as it possesses a good
stimulating property.
HAIR COLORANTS: Hair colouring or hair dyeing, is the practice of changing the
colour. The main reasons for this are cosmetic: to cover grey or white hair, to change
to a colour regarding as more fashionable or desirable, or to restore the original colour
after it has been discoloured by hairdressing processes or sun bleaching.
Types: temporary hair colour, semi-permanent hair colour, permanent hair colour,
highlights etc
HAIR SHAMPOO: Herbal shampoos are the cosmetic preparations that with the use
of traditional ayurvedic herbs are meant for cleansing the hair and scalp just like the
regular shampoo. They are used for removal of oils, dandruff, dirt, environmental
pollutions etc.
FUNCTIONS: Lubrication, Conditioning, Hair growth, maintenance of hair colour,
Medication
Types: anti-dandruff shampoo, anti-breakage shampoo etc.
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HAIR CONDITIONER: Conditioners that adds shine to the hair and make it tangle
free. after shampooing it's important to use hair conditioners to give increased
manageability to our hair, leaving it soft and shiny. The first and foremost purpose of
conditioner is to moisturise the hair and scalp.
Types: rinse-out conditioner, leave-in conditioner, deep conditioner
HAIR GELS: Hair gel is a hairstyling product that is used to harden hair into a
particular hair style.
Types: water-based pomade, oil-based pomade, hybrid pomade etc.
HAIR SERUM: Hair serum is a liquid based treatment usually formulated using
silicones that provide a protective layer over the hair fibre, assisting in smoothing fizz.
Types: streax pro hair serum, khadi herbal hair serum etc.
HAIR TONICS: The term “hair tonic” has been used for some hair preparations
because the term is used in therapeutics. Hair tonic is one kind of hair repairing tonic
and re-texturing the hair. There are two distinct types of products: -
1. Products those deals with specific problems of the hair. E.g., greasy hair, dandruff.
2. Those products which are intended for improving, restoring, & maintaining the
condition of the hair
ADVANTAGES
• They do not provoke allergic reaction & do not have negative side effects
• They are easily incorporated with skin & hair.
• Extract of plant decrease the bulk properties of cosmetics & gives appropriate
pharmacological effects.
• Easily available & found in large variety & quantity.
• Easy to manufactures and chief in cost
DISADVANTAGES
• Herbal drugs have slower effects as compare to allopathic dosage forms.
• It requires long term therapy.
• They are difficult to hide taste & odour sometimes.
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• Manufacturing process are time consuming & complicated.
• No pharmacopeia defines any specific procedure or ingredients to be used in any of
herbal cosmetics.
HAIR OILS
Hair oils are the hair care preparations used for the prevention and treatment of baldness or
other ailments, aggression of hair. They also promote the luxurious growth of hairs. Hair
oil containing herbal drugs are used as hair tonic. Hair oil is oil applied to the hair as
a cosmetic, conditioner, styling aid, restorative or tonic. Different hair oils have been used
for many different purposes such as hair growth, health, dryness, scalp, or to fix damaged
hair. When oil is first applied, the oil forms a protective hydrophobic film that decreases
trans epidermal water loss as it reduces evaporation from water from the skin. The
reduction of water loss is important to the scalp because it helps reduce hygral fatigue such
as swelling and dryness. Further so, hair oils fill up any gaps between the cuticle cells
which prevent the penetration of any damaging substances in the hair follicle3.
The massaging and oiling to your hair stimulates the blood circulation, which in
return helps your hair. Due to the oil your hair is protected from the strong and hot sunrays.
Hair oil should have following properties:
1.They should give luster to the hair, retain them soft & flowing
2.Keep the brain cool.
3. Should not be sticky.
4.Prevent intense drying from
environment. 5.Replace lost proteins,
moisture, nutrients.
USE OF HAIL OIL
Humans produce natural hair oil called sebum from glands around each follicle. Other
mammals produce similar oils such as lanolin. When hair oils are first applied onto the
scalp, the effect of the oil on the lipid barriers varies depending on the type of oil. Hair oils
has huge benefits due to the effect that it has on the scalp. When oil is first applied, the oil
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forms a protective hydrophobic film that decreases trans epidermal water loss as it reduces
evaporation from water from the skin. The reduction of water loss is important to the scalp
because it helps reduce hygral fatigue such as swelling and dryness. Further so, hair oils
fills up any gaps between the cuticle cells which prevent the penetration of any damaging
substances in the hair follicle.
TYPES OF HAIR OILS
1. Mineral oils (contains only mineral as base oil)
2. Vegetable oils (contains only vegetable as base oil)
sesame oil
Coconut oil
olive oil
Argan oil
jojoba oil
Almond oils
Castor oils
Each oil has its own use as each one provides different benefits to the scalp. Natural
Oils come from natural resources that are very high in nutrients such as vitamin, fatty
acids etc.
MINERAL OILS
Mineral Oil is an industrially produced derivative of crude oil. The crude oil under
goes a process of purification, until it is refined into slippery flued, use in a variety of
cosmetics. The problem with this process is that crude oil contains many toxins and
carcinogenic material. If properly distilled, this should be removed from mineral Oil.
Thus, mineral oil cannot be claimed us natural product as it is a processed product that
goes to serious of industrial steps to reach the supermarket shelf. The benefits of using
mineral oil on hair are extremely limited.
Benefits of using of mineral oil:
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Ability to hold moisture
condition
Curl formation
Scalp Non stickiness
It works with both conditioned and unconditioned hair
Affordability
VEGETABLE OILS
Sesame oil
Sesame oil is used as base oil in many ayurvedic preparation for hair growth for
example, Bhringraj oil. Since Sesame oil is an antimicrobial, it is a lot of scalp
infections and fungal infection. Sesame is best when used as hot oil treatment it is
condition hair, nourishes scalp, and gets rid of dandruff and the vitamin E in the oil
boost hair growth.
Coconut Oil
Coconut oil has been found to be one of the most commonly used oils in hair products
and just by itself. Coconut oil was found to have properties that reduce protein loss in
hair when used before and after wash. Coconut oil is known to have lauric acid, which
is a type of fatty acid that allows it to penetrate within the hair follicles and therefore
heal and repair hair that is damaged. Aside from this, coconut oil is also widely known
for moisturizing the hair to avoid breakage.
Olive Oil
Olive oil is highly moisturizing hair oil, rich in vitamin E which is very important for
hair growth. Olive oil has a high concentration of antioxidants which is good for both
hair and skin. Olive oil is lightweight and contains oleic acid which easily penetrates
the hair shaft and locks in the moisture. Olive oil is the best natural conditioner
available and gives touchable soft and smooth hair with regular use. Since this oil has
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anti- inflammatory properties, it helps in treating dandruff thereby reducing hair fall
and aiding in subsequent hair growth.
Jojoba Oil
The seeds of the jojoba plant are high in liquid wax and essential fatty acids found to
possess moisturizing and healing properties. Regular use of the oil makes hair lustrous
and frizz free. Jojoba oil aids in hair growth by helping in the growth of new hair
cells. It acts against dandruff and thus reduces hair fall.
Argan Oil
Argan oil has become a popular product used for hair treatment. Argan oil is relieved
from Morocco and is known for the conditioning effect that leaves hair soft and
relieves frizz. Argan oil also treat split ends. It is known as “liquid gold” for its
wonderful properties on hair and is absolutely great for hair damage from heat styling.
Avocado Oil
Avocado oil has many uses as it is very rich in nutrients. Avocado oil has a source of
high vitamin E, which is an antioxidant that helps with hair loss and encourages hair
growth.
Castor oil
Castor oil is rich in vitamin E, proteins, minerals. It is very viscous oil and is hard to
wash it off the hair. Castor oil has anti-microbial properties that help to get rid of
dandruff and other scalp issues. Castor oil contains ricinoleic acid which treats scalp
inflammations and diseases. Castor oil moisturizes and softens hair, maintaining the
moisture level in the hair growth. Since it is moisturizing in nature, it can be used to
treat dry scalp. Regular use of castor oil gives healthy, thick, and moisturized hair.
Benefits of Using Vegetable Oil for Hair Growth4
Vegetable oil contains antioxidants that remove toxins from the body and promote
hair growth.
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Using vegetable oil for hair growth ensures a sufficient release of essential nutrients to
stimulate hair growth and prevent the adverse effects of chemicals.
It is easy to comb healthy, strong hair without fear of breaking it. Vegetable oil is one
of the best natural ingredients for hair growth treatment.
WAYS TO USE HAIR OIL
Generally, hair oils could be introduced in a hair-care routine in many different ways.
Many cosmetic products have ingredients with natural hair oils that can be used such
as shampoo, heat protectant, hair drops, or hair masks. Technique that can be used to
maximize potential is to use overnight as a hair mask or by adding drops of oil into
shampoo and conditioner.
ADVANTAGES OF HAIR OILS
Massaging oil into your hair stimulates blood circulation and relaxes your body.
Oil gives hair extra shine.
Oiling your scalp growth and add moisture.
According to experts, if you oil your hair every day, you have to wash it every day as well!
Allowing the oil to soak in your scalp will lead to major infections like dandruff and an
itchy scalp. Therefore, washing off the excess oil from the hair is necessary.
Oiling scalp can counteract dry scalp.
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Oil conditions your hair and prevents it from being brittle and dull.
Some oils like castor oil and coconut oil promote hair growth.
DISADVANTAGES OF HAIR OILS
Many oils can be mixed to create blends for hair conditioning. Here are some oils that
promote healthy hair:
Jojoba oil is good for dry hair. It helps soften hair and can be used to detangle
hair before shampooing
Olive oil strengthens and nourishes hair
Coconut oil adds lubrication to the hair. It's useful for damaged hair due to it's
ability to strengthen it
Rosemary herbal oil is useful for unwanted and flaky dandruff problems.
Not all hair oils are created equal. Try to avoid products with petroleum; they clog
your pores and weigh your hair down. Use natural oils instead and only oil your scalp
as needed.
OVERVIEW ON BRANDED HAIR OIL PRODUCTS PRODDUCT -15
BRAND NAME: PARACHUTE
FOUNDER NAME: HARSH MARIWALA
PRODUCED BY: MARICO
BRAND DESCRIPTION:
Parachute is a brand name for a range of coconut-based hair products manufactured by
Marico.Harish Mariwala is an Indian entrepreneur, founder and chairman of Marico, a
fortune India 500 company. Parachute is a flagship brand of Marico. It is a brand name of
coconut-based hair products.Before 1992 economic liberalization in India, the government 10
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classified vegetables oil as an essential commodity. In 1862, Kanji Morarji started a small
trading business Mumbai and in 1948, Bombay oil industries setup by Mariwala family. In
1990 Marico industries Limited company formed. It is the first brand of coconut oil in the
country. The journey of the oil began 4 decades ago.In 1990s, Marico made its first serious
entry into foreign markets by setting up a manufacturing plant in Bangladesh. Parachute
edible oil contains 100% coconut oil whereas advanced hair oil contains 50% mineral oil
along with coconut oil.Marico makes two kinds of coconut oil; one is Parachute edible
grade cum hair oil and other one is Parachute Advanced hair oil. After 6 years of intensive
research the product development and consumer, trial takes place in the market Products
Marico makes two kinds of coconut oil, Parachute edible grade hair oil, and Parachute
Advanced Hair oil. Parachute edible oil contains 100% coconut oil, whereas Advanced hair
oil contains coconut oil along with fragrance and Vitamin E.
PRODUCT NAME: PARACHUTE COCONUT HAIR OIL
DESCRIPTION: Parachute Coconut oil- India’s No.1 coconut oil contains only the
goodness of 100% pure coconut oil. It is made from naturally sun-dried coconuts sourced
from the finest farms of our country. The oil is extracted from the nuts through a
meticulous hands-free process. It goes through a 5-stage purification process and as many
as 27 quality tests are performed on the oil so that each bottle that reaches you is 100%
pure- EVERY SINGLE TIME. A tamper proof seal ensures that the rich aroma of raw
coconuts is preserved for a long time. It contains no added chemicals, scent, additives or
preservatives and lasts fresh & safe for up to 18 months. It is licensed by FSSAI as an
edible grade coconut oil. All this ensures that every bottle of coconut oil adheres to the
Parachute promise of being 100% safe and 100% pure.
Benefits of Coconut Oil:
For Cooking:
Coconut oil is rich in antioxidants and lauric acid. You will notice an increase in your
energy levels after the daily use of coconut oil in cooking. The antioxidants also help in
improving immunity. Moreover, coconut oil can reduce the cholesterol level in your body.
Replace your cooking oil with Parachute 100% pure coconut oil and live a healthy life.
For Skin:
Every essential oil retains moisture on the skin. But coconut oil can rejuvenate dry skin. If
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you love tanning sessions, you can use coconut oil to keep your skin safe from the UV
rays. It acts as a natural SPF protection. You can use pure coconut oil as an overnight
lotion for your face too. The antioxidants help reduce the marks and blemishes.
For Hair:
Coconut oil massage is bliss for stress release. But it can also benefit your scalp and hair.
Parachute coconut oil nourishes the scalp and roots of your hair follicles. Massage your
scalp with the coconut oil before you sleep for smooth, shiny, and healthy hair.
PROS AND CONS OF PARACHUTE HAIR OIL
Pros:
Parachute coconut oil is entirely unprocessed and pure.
It has versatile applications. You can use coconut oil for cooking or as a skin and hair
supplement.
Coconut oil is known for its therapeutic abilities. You can cure skin problems or regular
issues like headaches with coconut oil.
You can use coconut oil as a healthy food alternative. It is known to lower cholesterol
levels and improve immunity.
Cons:
The oil jams inside the bottle in cold temperatures. So, you need to heat the container in
hot water before using it.
The packing was not according to modern tastes.
SIDE EFFECTS OF COCONUT OIL
The most devastating side effects of coconut oil on your hair, and that is the clogging of
your hair follicles due to the build-up overtime. This build up can prevent hair from
growing and even halt the growth of new hair from breaking through the skin since it is
caked up with coconut oil.
Using Coconut Oil Can Cause Allergic Reactions:
Though it is promoted to be all natural, we know that even totally organic compounds can lead
to serious allergic reactions. In the case of coconut oil, there have been a number of cases
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in which frequent use has led to rashes on the scalp in addition to eczema! Though these
cases aren’t as prominent as common allergies such as peanuts or pollen, they can become
irritated and grow worse over time without proper treatment from a dermatologist. And yes
eczema and other scalp allergies do impede hair growth.
INGREDIENTS USED IN PARACHUTE COCONUT HAIR OIL
Parachute Coconut Hair Oil contains only one ingredient: one-hundred percent pure coconut
hair oil.
PREPARATION METHODS OF COCONUT HAIR OIL
Different types of coconut oil for edible purposes are available viz, virgin coconut oil from wet
coconuts (unrefined grade); coconut oil from dry coconuts (unrefined grade); and coconut
oil by solvent extraction method (refined from coconut expeller cake). Virgin coconut oil is
claimed to have more health benefits compared to coconut oil extracted from copra.
Wet coconut processing:
The wet coconuts are subjected to pressing to ooze the oil out along with coconut milk. This is
processed afterwards without employing heat, shear, chemicals, refining and is known as
virgin coconut oil. It is colourless with characteristic coconut flavour and finds several
applications in medicinal and cosmetics purposes.
Traditionally, virgin coconut oil is produced by fermentation method, where coconut milk
expelled from freshly harvested coconuts is fermented for 24-36 hr, and during this period,
the oil phase gets separated from aqueous phase. Further, the resulting wet oil is slightly
heated for a short time to remove the moisture and finally filtered.
The main disadvantages of this process are low oil recovery and fermented odour, which masks
the characteristic coconut flavour of the oil. In conventional methods for virgin coconut oil,
freshly extracted milk is centrifuged to obtain cream which is heated up to 60-80°C before
centrifuging to obtain the oil. Systematic research work has been carried out at CFTRI for
the production of several value-added products from coconut, one of them being virgin
coconut oil. In the CFTRI process, virgin coconut oil is obtained by ‘wet processing’
without heat, shear and chemicals within overall yield of 87.5%. oil.
PRODUCT-2
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BRAND NAME: DABUR
FOUNDER NAME: S. K. BURMAN
BRAND DESCRIPTION:
Dabur (Dabur India Ltd.) derived from Daktar Burman is India's largest Ayurvedic
medicine manufacturer. The Dabur began with a small, but visionary endeavour by
Dr. S. K. Burman, a physician tucked away in Bengal. He has set up Dabur in 1884 to
produce and dispense Ayurvedic medicines. Reaching out to a wide mass of people
who had no access to proper treatment. Dabur India Ltd is one of the leading FMCG
Companies in India. The company is also a world leader in Ayurveda with a portfolio
of over 250 Herbal/Ayurvedic products. They operate in key consumer products
categories like Hair Care, Oral Care, Health Care, Skin Care, Home Care and Foods.
The company's FMCG portfolio includes five flagship brands with distinct brand
identities, Dabur as the master brand for natural healthcare products, Vatika for
premium personal care, Hajmola for digestives, Real for fruit juices and beverages and
Fem for fairness bleaches and skin care products.14
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NAME OF THE PRODUCT: DABUR AMLA HAIR OIL
DESCRIPTION: Dabur Amla Hair Oil nourishes your hair with its Ayurvedic
ingredients and makes it strong from the roots. It is packed with vitamin C. This oil
gives the hair shine and keeps it clean and voluminous. Dabur Amla Hair Oil also
stimulates hair growth and makes your hair longer. It helps reduce hair fall as well as
split ends. You will also see a decrease in hair breakage. This oil prevents your hair
from getting damaged by weather conditions and helps in taming fizziness. It reduces
scalp infestations like flakiness and dandruff. By massaging the oil onto the scalp, you
can prevent scalp infections and scabs from appearing. It is watery and non-sticky
with ayurvedic fragrance.
An excellent herbal blend of Brahmi and amla that helps to stop premature hair fall.
Brahmi is known for its proven hair growth promoting properties. It also strengthens
hair follicles by improving blood circulation. Amla extract act as a hair tonic.
Benefits of Dabur Amla Hair Oil
Moisturizes your scalp
Enhances natural hair colour
Controls pre-mature greying of hair
Enhances healthy hair growth
Nourishes hair from root to tip
Prevents dryness of hairs
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Pros and Cons of Dabur Amla hair oil:
Pros:
Easily available
Non sticky hair oil
Gets washed off easily
Cons:
Smell is bit too strong, light smell stays on even after washing off
Contains mineral oil
SIDE EFECTS:
In some rare cases, amla oil has been reported to trigger Lichen Planus
Pigmentosus (LPP), especially with UV exposure and in naturally darker
skinned individuals.
People allergic to gooseberries may experience Contact Dermatitis.
Amla oil is also known to rarely cause inflammation and skin irritation in some
people.
INGREDIENTS USED IN DABUR AMLA HAIR OIL
Vegetable oils (sesame oil, canola oil, peanut oil, palmolien oil) including amla extract
58%, mineral oil 40% (liquid parafinium), colours, perfume, anti-oxidant- tertiary
butyl hydroquinone (TBHQ)
Active Ingredient:
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The active ingredient in Dabur Amla hair oil is Embelica officinalis extract, also
known as amla extract or Indian gooseberry. According to AyurvediCure.com, amla
extract works to strengthen the hair and prevent greying. Although boiling the amla
berry in coconut oil is the usual preparation method, Dabur Amla uses canola oil as an
alternative.
Emollients
Emollient ingredients help to soften the hair by coating and protecting the hair shaft,
preventing moisture from escaping. Emollient ingredients in Dabur Amla hair oil
include the petroleum based emollient parafinium liquidum, more commonly called
liquid petroleum or mineral oil, and canola oil.
Emulsifier
Emulsifiers prevent oil and water-based ingredients from separating. In addition, these
ingredients work to thicken and give the hair oil a smooth texture. Oleic acid, a
component in canola oil, serves as an emulsifier, and palm glycerides work as a
thickening agent.
Antioxidant
glutyl hydroquinone is the antioxidant ingredient in Dabur Amla hair oil. According to
research, antioxidant ingredients in hair care products help to reduce damage caused by
overexposure to the sun.
PREPARATION METHODS OF DABUR AMLA HAIR OIL
The herbs used in the present study for making hair oil were dried, crushed and passed
through sieve no.80 and olive oil was used as a base. The hair oil was prepared using
following method:
Direct Boiling method:
The crude drugs were powdered, weighed accurately and directly boiled in olive oil
with continuous stirring and heating until the drug had completely extracted in the
oil base. The composition of the oil was mixed in 100ml of the olive oil. After
extraction completed then they are filtered by muslin cloth individually. The hair
oil taken in beaker and covered by aluminium foil and keep in cool condition.
USAGE OF DABUR AMLA HAIR OIL
Message your scalp with the Dabur Amla Hair Oil and left for 2-3 hours for best result
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you can leave overnight, shampoo next morning and get the shiny, smooth and silky
hair.
EFFECTIVENESS OF PARACHUTE COCONUT HAIR OIL MIXED WITH
HERBS
MATERIALS: fruit of Embelica officinalis(amla), flowers of Hibiscus rosa
sinensis(hibiscus), leaves of Bacopa monnieri (Brahmi), Lawsonia inermis(henna),
curry leaves, gel of aloe leaves (alovera), seeds of Trigonella foenumgraecum(methi),
and parachute coconut hair oil.
Amla
Hibiscus
Henna
Biological source: Dried leaves of Murraya koenigii
Family: Rutaceae
Use: Prevents hair fall and premature greying of hair.
Biological source: Dried leaves of Hibiscus rosasinensis
Family: Malvaceae
Use: nourishes and thickens hair.
Biological source: Dried leaves of Lawsonia inermis
Family: Lythraceae
Use: hair colorant, helps in hair growth
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Curry Leaves
Alovera
Fenugreek
Coconut oil:
Biological source: Dried leaves of Murraya koenigii
Family: Rutaceae
Use: Prevents hair fall and premature greying of hair
Biological source: Dried latex of aloe
Family: Liliaceae
Use: Boosts scalp, reduces dandruff and conditions hair
Biological source: Dried seeds of
Trigonella foenum- graecum
Family: Leguminosae
Use: Moisturises hair and replenishes hair growth.
Biological source: Oil derived from dried fruits of
Cocus nucifera
Family: Arecaceae
Use: Moisturiser, vehicle, stimulates hair growth
by unclogging pores
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FORMULATION
INGREDIENTS QUANTITY (for 50 ml)
Coconut oil 50ml
Amla extract 5 grams
Hibiscus extract 5 grams
Henna leaves extract 5 grams
Curry leaves 5 grams
Fenugreek 5 grams
Alovera gel 5 grams
METHADOLOGY
PREPARATION OF PARACHUTE COCONUT OIL MIXED WITH HERBS:
The herbs used in the present study for making herbal oil were dried, crushed and
passed through 80 mesh stainless steel sieves and alovera gel is directly added to the
base while preparation. Parachute coconut hair oil was used as base. The preparation
was done by using direct boiling method.
Direct boiling method:
The crude drugs were dried, powdered, weighed accurately and directly boiled in
parachute coconut hair oil with continuous stirring and heating until the drug had
completely extracted in the oil base. After extraction is completed then they are
filtered by muslin cloth individually. The hair oil taken in beaker and covered by
aluminium foil and keep in cool condition.
BENEFITS OF PARACHUTE COCONUT OIL MIXED WITH HERBS:
1. Promotes healthy and faster hair growth
2. Reduces greying of hair
3. Reduces dandruff
4. Reduces hair fall
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EFFECTIVENESS OF BRANDED DABUR AMLA HAIR OIL
REPLACED WITH HERBS TO REDUCE SIDE EFECTS
People who are allergic or sensitive to the materials present in Dabur amla hair oil
causes side effects such as Lichen Planus Pigmentosus (LPP) especially with UV
exposure and in naturally darker skinned individuals, Contact Dermatitis in people
sensitive to gooseberries (amla) and also causes skin infections rarely. Hence, in order
to reduce the side effects, the materials which are responsible for causing side effects
are replaced with alternate herbs to reduce the side effects in patients who are allergic
or sensitive to it.
EVALUATION TESTS FOR HAIR OILS
The prepared hair oils are then subjected to physical, chemical and biological
evaluation of various parameters described below:
A. Physical evaluation
In physical evaluation, determination of parameters like specific gravity, pH,
acid value, saponification value is conducted.
a. Specific gravity:
Initially empty specific gravity bottle is weighed. Then the same
specific bottle is filled with water and again weighed. Later specific
gravity bottle is replaced with hair oil and weighed again. Weighs are
noted and thus specific gravity of hair oils is calculated.
Weight of specific gravity bottle = w1 grams.
Weight of specific gravity bottle with water = w2 grams
Weight of specific gravity bottle with hair oil = w3 grams
Specific gravity of hair oil is calculated as
p = w3-w1/w2-w1 x p
b. pH
The pH is determined by using digital Ph meter. 20ml of herbal hair oil
is taken in a biker and the bulb of PH meter is dipped in. The obtained
PH values are noted down.21
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c. Viscosity
Viscosity is a measure of the resistance of fluid to deform under either
shear stress or extensional stress. It is commonly perceived as
“thickness”, or resistance to flow. It is expected to be higher in hair oil
B. Chemical evaluation
a) Acid value:
One gram of substance is dissolved accurately in 5ml of mixture of
equal volume of Ethanol and Ether previously neutralized with 0.1 M
KOH. If the sample is not dissolved properly then reflects condenser is
connected and the sample is warmed slowly with frequent stirring until
the sample dissolved. Then 1 ml phenolphthalein solution is added and
titrated with
0.1 M KOH until the solution remained as faintly pink after shaking for
30 minutes.
Acid value is calculated from the following equation,
Acid value = 5.61 x n/w
Where, n = no. of ml of 0.1M KOH, w = weight of substance
b) Saponification value:
2ml of hair oil is weighted and transferred into a 25 ml of conical flask.
To the 25 ml alcoholic KOH solution is added. It is heated on water bath
for 30 minutes by frequently mixing the content of the flask;
Phenolphthalein is added to cooled liquid and titrated against 0.5M HCL.
Blank solution is prepared and saponification values are calculated.
Saponification value = (b-a) x 28.05/ wight o substance
Where, b= blank value, a= assay value.
c) Peroxide value:
It is very important parameter where the Peroxide value is used as
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measurement of the extent to which rancidity (deterioration of end
product is judged) reaction have occurred during storage. As per the
Indian Standard, it should not exceed 10.0 me per 1000 gm of oil.
d) Microbiological and Heavy metal text:
As per the Indian Standard in the hair oil microorganism should not be
more than 1000 per gram of oil. As per the Indian Standard, heavy
metals, lead (pb) and arsenic (As2O3) should not exceed 10 and 1 ppm
respectively in hair oil.
C. Biological evaluation
a) Primary skin irritation test:
The prepared formulation is assessed for primary skin irritation test.
Healthy human volunteers are selected for the study. The hair of each
volunteers of 1cm2 is shaved which could accommodate three test sites. It
is cleaned with surgical spirit. The quantity of formulations are applied
over respective test site and observed for erythema and edema for 48
hours after applications.
b) Hair growth initiation test:
Quantitative model by UNO is used with slight modification for the study
of hair growth initiation. The rabbits are divided in 4 groups of 1 rabbit
each and 2 cm2 areas are shaved to remove hairs. Patches are developed
on each rabbit. All rabbits are treated with all the extracted oils
preparation in same pattern. This treatment is continued for 15 days and
during the course the hair growth initiation patter is observed and
reported.
c) Hair growth activity:
The rats are divided into different groups of 5 rats each and 2 cm2 area of
the dorsal portion of each of the rats is shaved. Group 1 has kept as
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control, where there was no oil treatment and in other group, oil
preparations are applied once a day respectively. The treatment is
continued for 30 days and during the course the hair growth pattern is
observed qualitatively and recorded.
CONCLUSION
From the above information we conclude that, the mixture among parachute coconut
hair oil with herbs is the most effective to promote hair growth than others, thus it has
potential as alternative way to be used for hair treatment.
The usage of the product depends on the sensitivity of the skin and hair of the
individual. So, in such case people who are allergic to amla and mineral oils present in
Dabur amla hair oil can use the mixture of replaced herbal ingredients hair oil for
better effect on hair.
As every marketed product is made with herbal extracts, they also contain some
amount of chemicals which have both benefits and side effects. Hence, it’s better to
prepare our own hair oil by natural herbs which are suitable for our skin and hair to
promote hair growth and can also be used in hair treatments as well.
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REFERENCES
1. Y. Bhadankar; Herbal products for hair care, SlideShare (2019) 3-4.
2. Nirali Prakashan; cosmetic science text book 6-8
3. R K Nema et al Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, 2009 4
4. Hair oil From Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia 5-9
5. Parachute brand Wikipedia 10
6. Coconut Oil for Hair Growth: A Review of the Scientific Literature, (2019) by
Sophia 11-14
7. Jitesh Mon Mullol, Perception and satisfaction of youth on Indulekha hair oil
(2018) 19
8. Cosmetic science text book 24- 28
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