Weathering, Erosion and Distinctive Landscapes 1. Explain the terms weathering and erosion. 2. Name and describe the process of chemical and mechanical weathering 3. Describe and draw a limestone pavement 4. Describe surface and underground landforms of a karst landscape 5. Understand how this topic appears on the exam papers.
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Weathering, Erosion and Distinctive Landscapes 1.Explain the terms weathering and erosion. 2.Name and describe the process of chemical and mechanical weathering.
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Weathering, Erosion and Distinctive Landscapes
1. Explain the terms weathering and erosion.
2. Name and describe the process of chemical and mechanical weathering
3. Describe and draw a limestone pavement
4. Describe surface and underground landforms of a karst landscape
5. Understand how this topic appears on the exam papers.
Mind Map: Weathering
• Lets do a mind map to remember what you learn from junior cert geography
Key words
• Denudation
• Mechanical weathering
• Chemical weathering
• Biological weathering
Denudation
This is all processes involved in the shaping of the earths crust
Denudation = weathering and erosion
Weathering• Weathering is the breaking down and
decay of rocks that are exposed to the weather
• There are three types1. Mechanical – Frost and temperature
changes2. Chemical – Rocks are dissolved3. Biological – Plants and animals
Erosion
• Erosion is the breaking down and removal of the rock.
• Three types of erosion• Moving water (rivers and sea)• Moving ice (Glaciation)• Moving air (wind)
Mechanical Weathering
• 3 Types
• Freeze Thaw Action
• Exfoliation
• Crystallisation of salts – When salts in a rock grow they can split the rock apart.
Mechanical WeatheringFreeze Thaw Action
• Weathering by frost is called freeze thaw action
In order for freeze thaw action to occur you need to have…
• Temperatures that rise above and fall below freezing (0°C)
• A good supply of water from rain, snow, sleet or hail.
• Write out caverns into your own words into your copies
Dripstone formations
• Include stalactites, stalagmites, pillars, columns and curtains.
• Formed from the mineral calcite. Calcium carbonate in its purest form.
• Read page 62 in your book. Summarise into your own words.
Stalagmites
• When the drops of water fall to the floor and evaporate, they also deposit calcite. These deposits build up in a conical shape to form Stalagmites
Stalagmites
Stalactites
• When water containing dissolved calcium carbonate seeps through the rock, some drops hang from the roof of the cave/cavern for a while. Some of the water evaporates leaving behind deposits of calcite. These deposits build up over thousands of years and hang from the roof
to form Stalactites.
Stalactites
Pillar
• In time, the Stalactites and Stalagmites grow and join up to form pillars.
Pillar
• Prepare questions to suit both surface and underground.
Exam Questions: Could be asked for Underground or Surface Landforms
Weathering, Erosion and Distinctive Landscapes
1. Explain the terms weathering and erosion.
2. Name and describe the process of chemical and mechanical weathering
3. Describe and draw a limestone pavement
4. Describe surface and underground landforms of a karst landscape
5. Understand how this topic appears on the exam papers.