Volume 106, No. 22 http://www.usda.gov/oce/weather May 29, 2019 (Continued on page 5) Contents Crop Moisture Maps ....................................................... 2 Palmer Drought Maps ..................................................... 3 Extreme Maximum & Minimum Temperature Maps ....... 4 Temperature Departure Map .......................................... 5 May 21 Drought Monitor & Pan Evaporation Map .......... 6 Growing Degree Day Maps ............................................ 7 National Weather Data for Selected Cities ..................... 9 National Agricultural Summary ..................................... 12 Crop Progress and Condition Tables ........................... 13 International Weather and Crop Summary ................... 20 Bulletin Information & Soil Temperature Map ............... 34 WEEKLY WEATHER AND CROP BULLETIN istoric flooding developed along the Arkansas River and its tributaries in Kansas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas, following repeated rounds of heavy rain that totaled 4 to 12 inches. A much broader area of the Plains and Midwest received at least 2 to 4 inches or rain, limiting fieldwork and sparking varying degrees of flooding. In addition, severe thunderstorms and isolated tornadoes resulted in local wind damage. In contrast, hot, mostly dry weather in the Southeast reduced topsoil moisture for spring-sown crops but promoted planting and hastened H U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE National Agricultural Statistics Service and World Agricultural Outlook Board HIGHLIGHTS May 19 – 25, 2019 Highlights provided by USDA/WAOB
34
Embed
weather WEEKLY WEATHER AND CROP BULLETIN€¦ · May 29, 2019 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 5 (Continued from front cover) winter wheat maturation. Weekly temperatures averaged
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Transcript
Volume 106, No. 22 http://www.usda.gov/oce/weather May 29, 2019
(Continued on page 5)
Contents
Crop Moisture Maps ....................................................... 2 Palmer Drought Maps ..................................................... 3 Extreme Maximum & Minimum Temperature Maps ....... 4 Temperature Departure Map .......................................... 5 May 21 Drought Monitor & Pan Evaporation Map .......... 6 Growing Degree Day Maps ............................................ 7 National Weather Data for Selected Cities ..................... 9 National Agricultural Summary ..................................... 12 Crop Progress and Condition Tables ........................... 13 International Weather and Crop Summary ................... 20 Bulletin Information & Soil Temperature Map ............... 34
WEEKLY WEATHER AND CROP BULLETIN
istoric flooding developed along the Arkansas River and its tributaries in Kansas, Oklahoma, and
Arkansas, following repeated rounds of heavy rain that totaled 4 to 12 inches. A much broader area of the Plains and Midwest received at least 2 to 4 inches or rain, limiting fieldwork and sparking varying degrees of flooding. In addition, severe thunderstorms and isolated tornadoes resulted in local wind damage. In contrast, hot, mostly dry weather in the Southeast reduced topsoil moisture for spring-sown crops but promoted planting and hastened
H
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE National Agricultural Statistics Service and World Agricultural Outlook Board
HIGHLIGHTS May 19 – 25, 2019 Highlights provided by USDA/WAOB
2 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin May 29, 2019
May 29, 2019 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 3
4 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin May 29, 2019
May 29, 2019 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 5 (Continued from front cover) winter wheat maturation. Weekly temperatures averaged as much as 10°F above normal in a broad area centered on the southern Appalachians, favoring a rapid pace of crop development. Meanwhile, persistently cool, showery conditions dominated the West, threatening crop quality in areas—such as California—accustomed to warm, dry weather in late spring. High-elevation snow fell from the Sierra Nevada to the central Rockies, with accumulations briefly affecting the central High Plains. In fact, chilly conditions covered large sections of the western and central U.S., with temperatures averaging 10 to 15°F below normal from the Southwest to the High Plains. Late-season frosts continued to plague portions of the High Plains, including eastern Colorado and western Nebraska, as well as scattered locations across the nation’s northern tier. Daily-record rainfall totals topped 2 inches in many locations, including Marquette, MI (2.46 inches on May 19); Valentine, NE (2.17 inches on May 21); and Dubuque, IA (2.12 inches on May 24). In Missouri, daily-record rainfall totals were observed on May 20 and 23 in Joplin (3.84 and 3.20 inches, respectively) and Springfield (2.33 and 4.29 inches, respectively). U.S. corn planting, 58 percent complete by May 26, remained at a record-slow pace (previously, 67 percent in 1995). Meanwhile, U.S. soybean planting—29 percent complete—was proceeding at the slowest pace since May 26, 1995, when 27 percent of the intended acreage had been sown. Wetness extended across much of the West, where many daily precipitation records were established. Record-setting totals for May 19 included 0.97 inch in Burns, OR; 0.84 inch in Sacramento, CA; and 0.63 inch in Idaho Falls, ID. Snow accompanied some of the Western precipitation, with accumulations reaching the High Plains. Colorado Springs, CO, netted 4.9 inches of snow on May 20-21, while Cheyenne, WY, received 9.9 inches from May 19-21. Elsewhere in Wyoming, May 18-22 snowfall totaled 5.2 inches in Riverton and 4.4 inches in Casper. Ely, NV, collected 1.0 inch of snow on May 21-22. Farther east, month-to-date rainfall through May 25 climbed above a foot in locations such as Chanute, KS (16.91 inches, or 377 percent of normal); Joplin, MO (13.29 inches, or 288 percent); and Oklahoma City, OK (12.12 inches, or 330 percent). The Arkansas River at Ponca City, OK, achieved a record crest on May 24, climbing 5.26 feet above flood stage. The previous record in Ponca City, 3.11 feet above flood stage, had been set on May 14, 1993. Farther downstream, the Arkansas River at Van Buren, AR, surged more than 2 feet above the April 1945 record, cresting 18.26 feet above flood stage on May 28. Showery weather persisted through week’s end, when daily-record totals for May 25 included 1.58 inches in Oklahoma City, OK, and 0.57 inch in Omak, WA. Among the week’s most consequential tornadoes were a pair of EF3 twisters, one of which stayed on the ground for nearly 20 miles on May 22 in and near Jefferson City, MO, and the other of which carved a 2.2-mile path on May 25 near El Reno, OK, resulting in two fatalities. The week began in the midst of a persistent cool spell across the western and central U.S. On May 19, daily-record lows were established in Pueblo, CO (32°F), and Dalhart, TX (34°F). Later,
on May 21-22, Denver, CO, posted consecutive daily-record lows of 31 and 30°F, respectively. Across the West, daily-record lows for May 21 fell to 31°F in Tooele, UT; 34°F in Bishop, CA; and 35°F in Douglas, AZ. Farther north and east, record-setting lows for May 22 included 29°F in Casper, WY, and 34°F in Garden City, KS. Casper notched another daily-record low on May 23, dipping to 28°F. In contrast, building heat in the Southeast led to multiple daily-record highs. For example, Nashville, TN, tallied a trio of daily-record highs (91, 93, and 93°F) from May 23-25. The week ended (on May 24-25) with consecutive daily-record highs in Georgia locations such as Macon (97 and 99°F) and Augusta (98 and 100°F)—and both locations tied monthly records on the latter date. Previously, Macon had reached 99°F on May 28, 1967, and earlier dates, while Augusta had attained 100°F on May 26, 1926. Elsewhere in Georgia, a monthly record (from May 28, 1967) was also tied in Alma, with a high of 100°F. With a high of 100°F on the May 25, Savannah, GA, tied a record—originally set in 1953—for its earliest occurrence of triple-digit heat. In Alaska, mild weather accompanied occasional precipitation. Weekly temperatures averaged at least 10°F above normal at several locations in northern and eastern Alaska. Meanwhile, Anchorage received rainfall totaling 0.94 inch on May 25-26. Weekly rainfall on Kodiak Island reached 1.93 inches. Drought persisted, however, in southeastern Alaska, where Ketchikan’s month-to-date rainfall through May 25 totaled 2.30 inches (34 percent of normal). Farther south, warm oceanic conditions in the vicinity of Hawaii contributed to record-high temperatures. Kahului, Maui, topped the 90-degree mark on at least 10 consecutive days (from May 18-27), with the temperature peaking at 96°F on the 22nd. Kahului came within 1°F of its all-time record (97°F on August 22, 2015, and August 31, 1994), and demolished its former May record of 92°F, set on May 22, 2014, and several earlier dates. Hawaii’s other major airport observation sites collectively set several daily-record highs, with temperatures peaking at 91°F (on May 25) in Honolulu, Oahu; 88°F (on May 22) in Hilo, on the Big Island; and 87°F (on May 21) in Lihue, Kauai. Mostly dry weather accompanied the Hawaiian heat; through May 25, month-to-date rainfall in Hilo totaled just 1.92 inches (28 percent of normal).
6 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin May 29, 2019
0.21
0.05
0.31
0.31
0.45
0.18
0.23
0.27
0.20
0.21
0.26
0.15
0.26
0.26
0.24
0.28
0.14
0.28
0.45
0.23
0.28
0.27
0.11
0.35
0.150.18
0.16
0.17
0.11
0.24
0.03
0.79
0.25
0.19
0.06
0.21
0.32
0.230.87
0.14
0.38
0.23
0.31
0.26
0.22
0.07
0.21
0.18
0.14
0.24
0.01
0.19
0.32
0.09
0.38
0.27
0.94
0.29
0.14
0.25
0.37
0.340.16
0.24
0.24
0.17
0.180.12
0.30
0.13
0.30
0.08
0.26
0.18
0.14
0.19
0.22
0.14
0.16
0.43
0.07
0.230.38
0.01
0.17
0.17
0.22
0.33
0.240.19 0.26
0.31
0.24
0.42
0.160.31
0.29
0.10
0.17
0.14
0.90
0.130.09
0.21
0.33
0.54
0.140.15
0.38
0.22
0.45
0.26
0.41
0.36
0.04
0.11
0.26
0.19
Data obtained from the NWS Cooperative Observer Network.
USDA Agricultural Weather Assessments
Based on preliminary data
Average Pan Evaporation (inches/day)May 19 - 25, 2019
L
SL
SL
S
L
SL
S S
The Drought Monitor focuses on broad-scale conditions.Local conditions may vary. See accompanying text summaryfor forecast statements.
S
droughtmonitor.unl.edu
U.S. Drought Monitor May 21, 2019
Valid 8 a.m. EDT
(Released Thursday, May. 23, 2019)
Author:Richard HeimNCEI/NOAA
Drought Impact Types:
S = Short-Term, typically less than 6 months (e.g. agriculture, grasslands)
L = Long-Term, typically greater than 6 months (e.g. hydrology, ecology)
Weekly National Agricultural Summary provided by USDA/NASS
HIGHLIGHTS
Heavy rain was mostly confined to the central U.S., falling most intensely in parts of Kansas, Missouri, and Oklahoma—with some areas receiving as much as 12 inches. Above-normal temperatures were noted across the Delta, Mid Atlantic, Northeast, Southeast, and Ohio Valley.
In the Carolinas, Georgia, Tennessee, and Virginia, temperatures were at least 6°F above normal. In contrast, temperatures were at least 9°F below normal in parts of Arizona, California, Colorado, Kansas, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, South Dakota, Utah, and Wyoming.
Corn: By May 26, producers had planted 58 percent of the nation’s corn acreage, 32 percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. Seventy-six percent of Iowa’s intended corn acreage was planted by week’s end, 19 percentage points behind last year and 20 points behind average. Seven of the 18 estimating states were behind their average planting pace by 30 percentage points or more. Thirty-two percent of the nation’s corn acreage had emerged by May 26, thirty-seven percentage points behind both last year and the average. Emergence in 13 of the 18 estimating states was behind average by 20 percentage points or more. Forty-two percent of Iowa’s corn acreage had emerged by May 26, thirty-two percentage points behind last year and 35 points behind average. Soybean: Twenty-nine percent of the nation’s soybean acreage was planted by May 26, forty-five percentage points behind last year and 37 points behind the 5-year average. Eleven of the 18 estimating states were behind the average planting pace by more than 20 percentage points. In Illinois, only 14 percent of the intended soybean acreage was planted by week’s end, 75 percentage points behind last year and 56 points behind average. Eleven percent of the nation’s soybeans had emerged by May 26, thirty-three percentage points behind last year and 24 points behind average. Emergence in 10 of the 18 estimating states was behind average by more than 20 percentage points. Only 8 percent of Illinois’ soybean acreage had emerged by May 26, sixty-four percentage points behind last year and 36 points behind average. Winter Wheat: By May 26, sixty-six percent of the nation’s winter wheat acreage had reached the headed stage, 5 percentage points behind last year and 10 points behind the 5-year average. Heading progress was behind by more than 20 percentage points in Nebraska, Ohio, Oregon, and Washington. On May 26, sixty-one percent of the 2019 winter wheat acreage was reported in good to excellent condition, 5 percentage points below the previous week but 23 points above last year. In Kansas, 55 percent of the winter wheat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, a decrease of 5 percentage points from the previous week. Cotton: Nationwide, 57 percent of the cotton acreage had been planted by May 26, four percentage points behind last year and 1 point behind the 5-year average. In Arkansas, Mississippi, Missouri, and Oklahoma, planting progress was behind average pace by 12 percentage points or more. In Texas, 48 percent of the 2019 cotton acreage was planted by May 26, two percentage points behind the previous year but 4 points ahead of average. Producers in Georgia had planted 76 percent of the intended acreage by week’s end, 12 percentage points ahead of last year and 8 points ahead of average. Sorghum: Twenty-eight percent of the nation’s sorghum was planted by May 26, twenty percentage points behind the previous year and 16 points behind the 5-year average. Planting progress in Nebraska, Oklahoma, and South Dakota was behind average by 27, 29, and 34 percentage points, respectively. Producers in Texas had planted 80 percent of the state’s intended sorghum acreage by week’s end, 12 percentage points behind last year and 1 point behind average.
Rice: By May 26, producers had seeded 84 percent of the 2019 rice acreage, 13 percentage points behind last year and 12 points behind the 5-year average. Planting progress in Arkansas, Mississippi, and Missouri was behind average by 17, 15, and 18 percentage points, respectively. By May 26, sixty-three percent of the nation’s rice had emerged, 20 percentage points behind both last year and the average. Emergence was behind average by more than 20 percentage points in four of the six estimating states. On May 26, sixty-four percent of the nation’s rice was rated in good to excellent condition, 9 percentage points below the same time last year. Small Grains: Nationally, oat producers had seeded 85 percent of this year’s acreage by May 26, eight percentage points behind the previous year and 11 points behind the 5-year average. The planting pace was behind average in eight of the nine estimating states, with South Dakota and Wisconsin lagging by more than 15 percentage points. Sixty-five percent of the nation’s oat acreage had emerged by May 26, fifteen percentage points behind the previous year and 21 points behind average. Emergence was behind the average pace in all estimating states, except Texas. On May 26, fifty-eight percent of the nation’s oat acreage was rated in good to excellent condition, 8 percentage points below the same time last year. Eighty-seven percent of the nation’s barley was planted by May 26, four percentage points behind last year and 6 points behind the 5-year average. Eighty-four percent of the intended acreage in Montana was planted by May 26, four percentage points behind last year and 10 points behind average. By May 26, fifty-four percent of the nation’s barley had emerged, 11 percentage points behind the previous year and 20 points behind average. Emergence in all estimating states was behind the average pace. By May 26, eighty-four percent of the spring wheat acreage was seeded, 5 percentage points behind last year and 7 points behind the 5-year average. South Dakota was furthest behind, compared with the state’s average planting pace. Forty-seven percent of the nation’s spring wheat had emerged, 12 percentage points behind the previous year and 22 points behind average. Emergence in all estimating states was behind the average pace by 15 percentage points or more. Other Crops: Nationally, peanut producers had planted 79 percent of the 2019 peanut acreage by May 26, seven percentage points ahead of both last year and the 5-year average. Producers in Georgia, the largest peanut-producing state, had planted 83 percent of the 2019 intended acreage by week’s end, 11 percentage points ahead of last year and 7 points ahead of average. Of the eight estimating states, Oklahoma was furthest behind in planting. By May 26, ninety-four percent of the sugarbeet acreage was planted, 4 percentage points behind last year and 3 points behind the 5-year average. Nine percent of the nation’s intended 2019 sunflower acreage was planted by May 26, eighteen percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. Planting was behind average in all estimating states and had not yet begun in Colorado and South Dakota.
May 29, 2019 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 13
Crop Progress and Condition Week Ending May 26, 2019
Weekly U.S. Progress and Condition Data provided by USDA/NASS
Prev Prev May 26 5-Yr Prev Prev May 26 5-Yr Prev Prev May 26 5-Yr
Year Week 2019 Avg Year Week 2019 Avg Year Week 2019 Avg
CO 82 63 71 83 CO 54 12 25 54 AL 75 72 88 73
IL 99 24 35 95 IL 88 11 20 84 AZ 97 90 94 96
IN 94 14 22 85 IN 78 4 10 65 AR 97 50 81 94
IA 95 70 76 96 IA 74 20 42 77 CA 100 95 99 91
KS 91 61 70 88 KS 77 37 49 69 GA 64 61 76 68
KY 89 71 82 89 KY 66 50 65 70 KS 57 18 24 28
MI 62 19 33 73 MI 37 1 7 41 LA 95 66 84 92
MN 91 56 66 93 MN 60 6 21 70 MS 83 34 62 83
MO 99 62 65 95 MO 90 44 51 88 MO 97 34 51 88
NE 95 70 81 94 NE 77 27 50 73 NC 67 52 74 74
NC 98 93 95 97 NC 93 80 89 92 OK 44 10 24 36
ND 83 42 63 85 ND 30 1 8 43 SC 65 65 90 73
OH 80 9 22 78 OH 63 3 8 54 TN 86 50 75 81
PA 56 42 66 70 PA 29 18 42 46 TX 50 39 48 44
SD 87 19 25 90 SD 45 0 2 57 VA 81 56 84 76
TN 97 85 93 97 TN 88 72 81 88 15 Sts 61 44 57 58
TX 90 92 93 89 TX 83 75 81 81 These 15 States planted 99%
WI 77 35 46 82 WI 44 3 11 49 of last year's cotton acreage.
18 Sts 90 49 58 90 18 Sts 69 19 32 69
These 18 States planted 92% These 18 States planted 92%
of last year's corn acreage. of last year's corn acreage. Prev Prev May 26 5-Yr
Year Week 2019 Avg
AL 69 62 84 64
Prev Prev May 26 5-Yr Prev Prev May 26 5-Yr FL 78 74 86 78
Year Week 2019 Avg Year Week 2019 Avg GA 72 69 83 76
AR 86 31 42 73 AR 75 20 30 62 NC 66 45 66 67
IL 89 9 14 70 IL 72 2 8 44 OK 75 18 36 75
IN 85 6 11 63 IN 59 1 3 35 SC 72 70 92 78
IA 78 27 32 77 IA 40 3 8 36 TX 69 47 62 62
KS 63 17 22 41 KS 39 6 12 22 VA 74 53 76 67
KY 53 22 38 40 KY 30 8 17 21 8 Sts 72 63 79 72
LA 96 67 82 90 LA 91 46 64 83 These 8 States planted 96%
MI 43 10 23 52 MI 24 1 5 24 of last year's peanut acreage.
Crop Progress and Condition Week Ending May 26, 2019
Weekly U.S. Progress and Condition Data provided by USDA/NASS
VP P F G EX VP P F G EX
AL 1 5 18 69 7 NH 0 17 40 43 0
AZ 1 6 34 57 2 NJ 0 0 13 71 16
AR 1 4 34 48 13 NM 3 25 42 22 8
CA 0 5 30 55 10 NY 3 9 27 49 12
CO 1 3 16 68 12 NC 1 10 39 48 2
CT 0 0 100 0 0 ND 2 6 28 58 6
DE 1 2 14 68 15 OH 1 11 28 54 6
FL 4 13 28 43 12 OK 0 1 21 63 15
GA 2 11 45 37 5 OR 1 5 17 45 32
ID 0 2 13 63 22 PA 0 2 21 49 28
IL 1 5 29 48 17 RI 0 5 15 50 30
IN 1 6 34 43 16 SC 0 4 20 71 5
IA 1 6 29 49 15 SD 1 5 27 53 14
KS 1 3 29 54 13 TN 0 4 29 58 9
KY 1 6 21 64 8 TX 1 5 24 53 17
LA 0 5 36 54 5 UT 0 0 8 54 38
ME 0 18 51 31 0 VT 0 16 75 9 0
MD 1 7 46 37 9 VA 1 11 29 49 10
MA 0 2 24 47 27 WA 1 4 39 52 4
MI 3 12 33 38 14 WV 0 3 27 67 3
MN 1 9 32 51 7 WI 4 12 32 38 14
MS 1 9 34 48 8 WY 0 5 35 57 3
MO 0 3 34 55 8 48 Sts 1 5 27 55 12
MT 0 3 28 56 13
NE 1 2 17 70 10 Prev Wk 1 5 28 53 13
NV 0 5 25 60 10 Prev Yr 5 12 34 42 7
Pasture and Range Condition by PercentWeek Ending May 26, 2019
VP - Very Poor; P - Poor;F - Fair;
G - Good; EX - Excellent
NA - Not Available* Revised
May 29, 2019 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 17
Crop Progress and Condition Week Ending May 26, 2019
Weekly U.S. Progress and Condition Data provided by USDA/NASS
6
5
7
3
5.5
2
1
1
3
6
5
5.94.
2
2.2
5.8
2.5
2.5
0.8
2.2
1.1
3.5
1.9
5.5
6.6
6.7
1.4
2.8
4.3
6.6
6.8
5.9
6.2
2.7
2.5 5.
66.4
1.8
3.2
6.8
4.4
6
6
6.5
3.6 5.6
6.9
5.5
6.5
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18 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin May 29, 2019
Crop Progress and Condition Week Ending May 26, 2019
Weekly U.S. Progress and Condition Data provided by USDA/NASS
20[0]
5[0]
9[+1]
7[+2]
16[+3]
50[+5]
5[+1]
19[+9]
11[+6]
25[+9]
39[+3]
56[+8]
17[+2]
20[+9]
53[+11]
49[+22]
40[+25]
0[-3]
42[+18]
59[+13]
9[-1]
1[-3]
66[-1]
21[-3]
70[+14]
59[+18]
49[+10]
36[-24]
0[0]
8[-5]
5[-4]
28[-21]
59[+5]
7[-14]
58[-13]
69[+6]
1[-1]
10[-34]
69[+20]
13[-2]
50[-7]
91[-9]
26[+8]
50[0]
50[-21]
25[-19]
11[-29]
Topsoil MoistureThis product was prepared by theUSDA Office of the Chief Economist (OCE)World Agricultural Outlook Board (WAOB)
United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture
Data obtained from USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service weekly Crop Progressreports. These reports are available through http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/.
Topsoil MoistureThis product was prepared by theUSDA Office of the Chief Economist (OCE)World Agricultural Outlook Board (WAOB)
United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture
Percent Short to Very ShortWeek Ending - May 26, 2019
Data obtained from USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service weekly Crop Progressreports. These reports are available through http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/.
Top ## - Percent Short to Very Short
[Bottom ##] - Change from Last WeekShort to Very Short
Crop Progress and Condition Week Ending May 26, 2019
Weekly U.S. Progress and Condition Data provided by USDA/NASS
22[0]
2[0]
5[-5]
5[+2]
4[0]
16[+5]
4[+1]
50[+10] 19
[+6]
52[+6]20
[+5]
15[+11]
48[+9]
12[+2]
30[+9]
10[+4]
39[+16]
28[+13]
0[-2]
68[+7]
47[+9]
51[+11]
2[-5]
1[-2]
65[+1]
18[-4]
55[+14]
35[-13]
7[-5]
9[-1]
26[-17]
57[+4]
16[-10]
59[-12]
69[-4]
0[-1]
0[-1]
21[-23]
55[+15]
13[+1]
45[-3]
91[-9]
22[+9]
90[0]
55[-17]
32[-10]
48[-11]
0[0]
Subsoil MoistureThis product was prepared by theUSDA Office of the Chief Economist (OCE)World Agricultural Outlook Board (WAOB)
United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture
Data obtained from USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service weekly Crop Progressreports. These reports are available through http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/.
Subsoil MoistureThis product was prepared by theUSDA Office of the Chief Economist (OCE)World Agricultural Outlook Board (WAOB)
United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture
Percent Short to Very ShortWeek Ending - May 26, 2019
Data obtained from USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service weekly Crop Progressreports. These reports are available through http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/.
Top ## - Percent Short to Very Short
[Bottom ##] - Change from Last WeekShort to Very Short
May 19-25, 2019 International Weather and Crop Highlights and Summaries provided by USDA/WAOB
HIGHLIGHTS
EUROPE: Additional moderate to heavy rain further boosted prospects for reproductive to filling winter crops over much of Europe. WESTERN FSU: Well-timed showers benefited reproductive winter wheat as well as recently planted summer crops. EASTERN FSU: Chilly, unsettled weather slowed late spring grain planting and early emergence. MIDDLE EAST: Hot, dry weather accelerated winter grain drydown and harvesting, though showers benefited later-developing wheat and barley from northern Turkey into Iran. SOUTH ASIA: Seasonably dry, hot weather prevailed across India, as growers await the onset of monsoon rainfall before sowing the majority of wet-season crops. EASTERN ASIA: Showers in northeastern and southern China benefited emerging to vegetative summer crops, while hot, dry conditions in the east accelerated wheat maturation.
SOUTHEAST ASIA: Monsoon showers overspread Indochina and the Philippines, encouraging rice and other summer crop sowing. AUSTRALIA: Aside from some showers in the southeast, most of the wheat belt would welcome more rain. ARGENTINA: Scattered showers renewed localized delays in summer crop harvesting. BRAZIL: Rain returned to southern corn areas as seasonable dryness dominated farming areas in central Brazil. MEXICO: Rain fell in eastern sections of the southern plateau corn belt, but much more was needed to improve planting prospects. CANADIAN PRAIRIES: Spring planting progressed, but rain was needed for germination throughout much of the region. SOUTHEASTERN CANADA: Warm, showery weather benefited growth of wheat and pastures, as well as emerging summer crops.
Widespread rain benefited reproductive to filling winter crops over much of the continent, though pockets of dryness lingered in northwestern and southwestern Europe. Rain was heaviest (25-80 mm, locally more) from eastern France into central and southern Poland and the northern Balkans. Lighter showers (1-20 mm) were noted from northern France into northern Poland and the Baltic States. The moisture further improved prospects for reproductive (north) to filling (south) winter wheat and rapeseed. Furthermore, moderate to heavy rain (10-60 mm) in southwestern France boosted soil moisture for recently planted corn and sunflowers, while similar rainfall in Scandinavia was beneficial for flowering
wheat and rapeseed. Despite the generally wet weather pattern, dryness lingered in Portugal, Spain, and southeastern England. Of these areas, potential impacts are greatest on the Iberian Peninsula where the wheat and barley are now in the filling stage of development. Wheat and rapeseed in England benefited from timely rain in early May—just before winter crops entered reproduction—so yield impacts at this juncture are likely minor (if any). Temperatures during the period mostly averaged with a degree or two of normal, though abnormal warmth (up to 7°C above normal) in northeastern growing areas accelerated crop development.
Moderate to heavy showers were beneficial for winter and summer crops across southern and western growing areas. Well-placed, timely rain (10-60 mm, locally more) boosted yield prospects for reproductive winter wheat and vegetative summer crops from Moldova and Ukraine into western and southwestern Russia. The timing of the rain
was nearly ideal for winter wheat, which was in the flowering stage of development (filling stage in southern-most growing areas). Most of the region has good to excellent soil moisture supplies due to a wet spring, with 90-day rainfall at or above normal over Ukraine and western Russia.
Chilly, showery weather slowed fieldwork and early crop development in the spring grain belt. Across central Russia and northern Kazakhstan, light to moderate showers (2-20 mm, locally more) kept soil moisture in good supply for wheat and barley emergence and establishment, though late planting efforts were likely
slowed. Temperatures up to 5°C below normal in northwestern Kazakhstan and Russia’s Urals District slowed spring grain emergence and development. Light to moderate showers (2-20 mm) in southern portions of the region provided supplemental moisture for recently planted cotton in Uzbekistan and environs.
Sunny, hot weather accelerated winter grain drydown and harvesting, though showers were noted in northern and eastern crop areas. From the eastern Mediterranean Coast into Iraq, extreme heat (31-38°C near the coast, 40-47°C inland) accelerated winter grain drydown and harvesting but maintained
very high irrigation demands for emerging to vegetative summer crops (mostly irrigated). In contrast, widespread albeit highly variable showers (1-50 mm, locally more) from northwestern Turkey into Iran favored reproductive to filling winter grains as well as vegetative corn and sunflowers.
Pre-monsoon heat extended throughout India and into Pakistan, with temperatures exceeding 40°C and locally over 45°C. Rainfall was light and intermittent in most areas, but heavy showers (25-100 mm or more) prevailed in Bangladesh and environs, benefiting spring-sown rice.
In India, most growers await the start of the rainy season before beginning widespread sowing of summer crops. Meanwhile, showers (25-50 mm) in southwestern Sri Lanka maintained adequate moisture supplies for vegetative yala rice.
Showers early in the week produced over 25 mm across portions of northeastern China, boosting soil moisture and aiding establishment of corn, soybeans, and rice. 30-day rainfall totals have been above average in most areas and above last year throughout the northeast. Meanwhile, wet weather continued in southern China, with 25 to over 100 mm benefiting reproductive early-crop rice and vegetative summer crops. In contrast, hot,
dry weather prevailed on the North China Plain, promoting maturation of wheat. In the west, warmer weather promoted cotton development following unusually cool weather over the last few weeks. Elsewhere in the region, showers (25-100 mm or more) in much of Japan boosted moisture supplies for rice, while mostly dry weather increased irrigation demands in far northern Japan (Hokkaido) and on the Korean Peninsula.
Monsoon showers overspread Indochina and the Philippines encouraging rice and other summer crop sowing. Rainfall totals surpassed 25 mm in the northern half of Thailand and throughout much of Laos, Cambodia, and Vietnam. Monsoon showers were off to a slow start in Thailand compared to the long-term average and last year. However, the wet season lasts into November and there is more than
enough time to make up early-season moisture deficits. In contrast, a strong start to the summer rainy season in key growing areas of the northern Philippines resulted in moisture conditions that are better than last year and the long-term average. Elsewhere, rainfall (25-100 mm or more) surged in Malaysia, aiding oil palm, but 90-day deficits continued and more moisture is needed to prevent yield declines.
Unfavorably dry weather persisted in southern Queensland and northern New South Wales, hampering winter wheat development. Although soaking rain at the beginning of May benefited wheat and other winter crops, dry weather since then has slowly but steadily reduced the amount of topsoil moisture available. Rain is needed soon to help winter crop development regain momentum, and repeated soaking rain is required to end the long-term drought gripping much of the region. Farther south, scattered showers (5-20 mm) maintained local moisture supplies for wheat, barley, and canola in southeastern Australia. More
widespread, soaking rain would be welcome in upcoming weeks to promote uniform germination and emergence and to help the region recover from lingering, long-term drought. Elsewhere in the wheat belt, mostly dry weather returned to Western Australia, slowing early winter grain and oilseed development. Similar to last year, rainfall since the beginning of May has been below normal in the state. An uptick in rainfall would be welcome to encourage growth of recently sown winter grains and oilseeds. Temperatures averaged near normal in the west and 2 to 4°C above normal in the south and east.
Locally heavy showers returned, maintaining high levels of soil moisture for the upcoming winter grain season but renewing disruptions in summer crop harvesting. Rainfall totaling 25 to 100 mm was concentrated over the northeast, with some of the heaviest rain (greater than 50 mm) over cotton regions from Santa Fe northward through eastern Formosa; lighter amounts (less than 25 mm) were recorded in Salta and western farming areas of Santiago del Estero, Chaco, and Formosa. Government reports have depicted continuing difficulties in harvesting cotton in the wetter
northern locations, noting the impact of profound wetness on the quality of open bolls. Farther south, lighter rain (5-25 mm) fell in La Pampa, Buenos Aires, and neighboring locations of Cordoba, Santa Fe, and Entre Rios, ending a brief period of favorable harvest weather. According to the government of Argentina, corn and soybeans were 51 and 82 percent, respectively, as of May 23; in addition, wheat planting had begun in Cordoba and Entre Rios. Weekly average temperatures were near to below normal, with a freeze over most of La Pampa and Buenos Aires.
As showers intensified over major southern corn areas, seasonal dryness dominated Brazil’s central farming areas. Rainfall totaling 25 to 100 mm from southern Mato Grosso do Sul and Parana southward through Rio Grande do Sul increased moisture for later-planted corn, as well as newly sown wheat. According to the government of Parana, second-crop corn was 3 percent harvested as of May 20, with nearly 90 percent of the remaining crop in filling to maturing stages of development; meanwhile, wheat was 60 percent planted. In Rio Grande do Sul, wheat planting was reportedly in the early
stages, while harvesting of both corn and soybeans neared completion. In contrast, mostly dry, warm weather (daytime highs reaching the middle and upper 30s degrees C in spots) dominated a large section of central and northeastern Brazil; the regions experiencing the seasonably dry conditions included key corn and cotton regions (Mato Grosso and Mato Grosso northeastward through Goias and Tocantins) as well as sugarcane and coffee areas of Sao Paulo and Minas Gerais, where the seasonable dryness was likely welcome for early harvest preparations.
Scattered showers brought limited relief from dryness to eastern sections of the southern plateau, where moisture was needed for normal development of corn and other rain-fed summer crops. Rainfall was patchy (locally more than 10 mm) over Puebla and Mexico, with no rain falling in the more westerly farming areas (Jalisco and Michoacan). Similarly, mostly dry weather prevailed in Veracruz, where moisture remained limited for sugarcane, and in many other coastal farming areas along the Gulf of Mexico and southern Pacific Coast. An exception was Chiapas, where locally heavy rain
(25-100 mm) fell, and Oaxaca, which recorded scattered showers in excess of 25 mm. Elsewhere, warm (daytime highs approaching 40°C in spots), seasonably dry weather spurred rapid development of winter-grown corn and wheat in northwestern Mexico, growing with sufficient irrigation moisture. In the northeast (Coahuila to Tamaulipas), dry, unseasonably warm weather (daytime highs in the upper 30s and lower 40s degrees C region-wide) spurred rapid development of winter sorghum and sustained elevated water requirements of livestock and irrigated crops.
Mostly dry weather promoted planting of spring crops, but many locations were in need of moisture to ensure uniform germination and emergence. Nearly all Prairie crop districts recorded less than 10 mm of rainfall, though pockets of heavier rain were scattered throughout the region. Weekly temperatures averaged near to below normal in most farming areas in Manitoba and
Saskatchewan and slightly above normal in parts of Alberta, with frost and freezes (lows dipping below -5°C in spots) common in most areas. According to the government of Manitoba, total crop seeding reached 84 percent as of May 21, compared with 80 percent last year and the 5-year average of 72 percent, with many regions reporting the need for additional moisture.
Warm weather prompted growth of winter wheat and pastures and improved conditions for germination of summer crops. Weekly temperatures averaged up to 2°C above normal across the region, with daytime highs reaching the upper 20s and lower 30s (degrees C) in Ontario’s southwestern farming areas. Although nighttime lows dropped below 5°C in nearly all locations, freezes were confined to outlying farming areas.
Precipitation ranged from 2 to 25 mm although some outlying northern agricultural districts recorded as much as 50 mm. According to the government of Ontario, winter wheat development as of May 23 was variable, reaching the flag leaf in some of the more advanced fields; meanwhile, corn planting was well underway with some delays from local wetness noted, while soybean planting progress was described as “minimal”.
SOUTHEASTERN CANADA
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