Volume 105, No. 44 http://www.usda.gov/oce/weather October 30, 2018 (Continued on page 5) Contents Crop Moisture Maps ....................................................... 2 Palmer Drought Maps ..................................................... 3 Extreme Maximum & Minimum Temperature Maps ....... 4 Temperature Departure Map .......................................... 5 National Weather Data for Selected Cities ..................... 6 National Agricultural Summary ....................................... 9 Crop Progress and Condition Tables ........................... 10 International Weather and Crop Summary ................... 16 Bulletin Information & October 23 Drought Monitor ...... 28 WEEKLY WEATHER AND CROP BULLETIN n extended period of mostly dry weather across the northern and central Plains and the Midwest allowed summer crop harvesting to gain momentum, although late-week showers brought some renewed fieldwork delays. Late-week showers also increased in coverage and intensity from the Pacific Northwest to the northern Rockies. Although the heaviest precipitation fell in coastal and mountain locations, some Northwestern winter grains benefited from a boost in topsoil moisture. The southern Rockies also received significant, drought- A U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE National Agricultural Statistics Service and World Agricultural Outlook Board HIGHLIGHTS October 21 – 27, 2018 Highlights provided by USDA/WAOB
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Volume 105, No. 44 http://www.usda.gov/oce/weather October 30, 2018
(Continued on page 5)
Contents
Crop Moisture Maps ....................................................... 2 Palmer Drought Maps ..................................................... 3 Extreme Maximum & Minimum Temperature Maps ....... 4 Temperature Departure Map .......................................... 5 National Weather Data for Selected Cities ..................... 6 National Agricultural Summary ....................................... 9 Crop Progress and Condition Tables ........................... 10 International Weather and Crop Summary ................... 16 Bulletin Information & October 23 Drought Monitor ...... 28
WEEKLY WEATHER AND CROP BULLETIN
n extended period of mostly dry weather across the northern and central Plains and the Midwest
allowed summer crop harvesting to gain momentum, although late-week showers brought some renewed fieldwork delays. Late-week showers also increased in coverage and intensity from the Pacific Northwest to the northern Rockies. Although the heaviest precipitation fell in coastal and mountain locations, some Northwestern winter grains benefited from a boost in topsoil moisture. The southern Rockies also received significant, drought-
A
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE National Agricultural Statistics Service and World Agricultural Outlook Board
HIGHLIGHTS October 21 – 27, 2018
Highlights provided by USDA/WAOB
2 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin October 30, 2018
October 30, 2018 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 3
4 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin October 30, 2018
October 30, 2018 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 5 (Continued from front cover) easing precipitation, but mostly dry weather persisted in California and the Great Basin. In addition, near- or above-normal temperatures dominated the West and the northern Plains. In the latter region, mild weather favored winter wheat emergence and establishment. In contrast, weekly temperatures averaged at least 5°F below normal across much of the South, East, and lower Midwest. Lingering Southern warmth was limited to Florida’s peninsula. Elsewhere, moisture associated with the remnants of Hurricane Willa contributed to another round of rain in the south-central U.S. As a result, lowland flooding persisted in parts of the western Gulf Coast region, while fieldwork delays and cotton-quality concerns remained a problem on the southern Plains. At week’s end, a coastal storm delivered heavy rain and gusty winds to the middle and northern Atlantic States, while some interior Northeastern locations received snow. Summer-like warmth lingered across southern Florida, where daily-record highs rose to 91°F in Miami (on October 21) and West Palm Beach (on October 26). In contrast, October 21 featured daily-record lows in Illinois locations such as Springfield (21°F) and Rockford (22°F). Meanwhile, Eastern high temperatures failed to reach the 50-degree mark in many places on several days; examples included 42°F (on October 25) in Albany, NY; 43°F (on October 21) in Bluefield, WV; and 47°F (on October 26) in Greensboro, NC. In Maine, Houlton closed the week with consecutive daily-record lows (14 and 10°F, respectively) on October 26-27. Farther west, late-week warmth arrived in southern California, where Palmdale posted a daily-record high of 90°F on October 27. Category 3 Hurricane Willa made landfall near Isla Del Bosque, Sinaloa, Mexico, during the evening of October 23. Subsequently, the hurricane rapidly weakened and dissipated across the rugged terrain of northern Mexico, although remnant moisture was drawn northeastward in advance of an approaching storm system. On the 23rd, Douglas, AZ, netted a daily-record rainfall of 1.16 inches. The following day in Texas, Galveston measured a record-setting sum (4.90 inches) for October 24. It was Galveston’s wettest October day since October 25, 2015, when 4.94 inches fell. For many locations in Texas, including Abilene (11.31 inches) and San Angelo (10.68 inches), October rainfall records have been set. Abilene and San Angelo also received significant rain—1.50 and 1.19 inches, respectively—on October 24. In New Mexico,
October 23-24 rainfall totaled 1.79 inches in Roswell and 1.36 inches in Albuquerque. Heavy rain developed in the Mid-Atlantic States by October 26, when daily-record totals in North Carolina reached 2.55 inches in Greensboro and 2.07 inches in Charlotte. Northeastern record-setting totals for October 27 included 1.70 inches in Atlantic City, NJ, and 1.50 inches in Islip, NY. Also on the 27th, Atlantic City clocked a peak wind gust to 52 mph. Caribou, ME, received snowfall totaling 0.9 inch on October 27-28, following a daily-record total of 2.6 inches on October 24. Farther west, strong winds swept across the northern Plains on October 27, when gusts were clocked to 54 mph in North Dakota locations such as Dickinson and Hettinger. At the same time, increasingly showery weather in the Northwest resulted in a daily-record sum (0.44 inch) in Wenatchee, WA. In fact, Wenatchee received 0.85 inch from October 25-28, easily exceeding the total of 0.49 inch observed during the preceding 159 days from May 19 – October 24. Late-season warmth continued in Alaska, where weekly temperatures averaged as much as 10 to 20°F above normal. In southeastern Alaska, Sitka opened the week with consecutive daily-record highs (56 and 61°F, respectively) on October 21-22. Anchorage posted daily-record highs (55, 50, and 52°F) on October 23, 25, and 26. Widespread precipitation accompanied the mild weather, especially across southern Alaska. Yakutat received a weekly rainfall total of 9.26 inches, aided by a daily-record sum of 5.06 inches on October 21. Farther south, warm, mostly dry weather dominated leeward sections of Hawaii, while frequent showers affected windward locations. On the Big Island, Hilo’s October 21-27 rainfall of 3.10 inches boosted its month-to-date sum to 15.70 inches (191 percent of normal).
6 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin October 30, 2018
October 30, 2018 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 9
National Agricultural Summary October 22 – 28, 2018
Weekly National Agricultural Summary provided by USDA/NASS
HIGHLIGHTS
During the mid- to late-week period, the remnants of Hurricane Willa contributed to rainfall across the South and the development of a “nor’easter” along the Atlantic Seaboard. Temperatures were above normal across southern Florida and much of the West. Many states along and east of the Mississippi River, in addition to Oklahoma and Texas, recorded
weekly temperatures more than 4°F below normal. Precipitation was near or below normal for most of the country, except for parts of the mid-Atlantic, lower Mississippi Valley, Northeast, Northwest, Southwest, Kansas, Minnesota, and Texas, with many locations receiving precipitation totals in excess of 0.5 inch.
Corn: The nation’s corn harvest was 63 percent complete by October 28, eleven percentage points ahead of last year but equal to the 5-year average. Harvest progress advanced 12 percentage points or more from the previous week in 11 of the 18 estimating states. Soybeans: The nation’s soybean harvest was 72 percent complete by October 28, nine percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. Harvest progress advanced 17 percentage points or more from the previous week in ten of the 18 estimating states. Winter Wheat: By October 28, producers had sown 78 percent of the nation’s winter wheat acreage. This was 5 percentage points behind last year and 7 points behind the 5-year average. Winter wheat planting was nearing completion in six of the 18 estimating states. Nationally, emergence was 63 percent complete by week’s end, unchanged from last year but 4 percentage points behind average. Winter wheat emergence advanced by 10 percentage points or more from the previous week in ten of the 18 estimating states. Overall, 53 percent of the 2019 winter wheat crop was reported in good to excellent condition, compared with 52 percent at the same time last year. Cotton: By October 28, ninety-one percent of the nation’s cotton had bolls opening, 1 percentage point behind last year and 3 points behind the 5-year average. Bolls were at least 90 percent open in 12 of the 15 estimating states. Forty-four percent of the nation’s cotton was harvested by October 28, one percentage point behind last year but 1 point ahead of average. Cotton harvest advanced 10 percentage points or more from the previous week in five of the 15 estimating states. Overall, 35 percent of the cotton was rated in good to excellent condition, 1 percentage point above the previous week but 20 points below the same time last year.
Sorghum: Ninety-four percent of the nation’s sorghum acreage was considered mature, 1 percentage point behind both last year and the 5-year average. Sorghum was fully mature or nearly mature in nine of the 11 estimating states. By October 28, producers had harvested 53 percent of the nation’s sorghum, 4 percentage points behind last year and 13 points behind average. Harvest progress advanced 10 percentage points or more from the previous week in Missouri, Nebraska, and Oklahoma. Rice: By October 28, ninety-six percent of the nation’s rice acreage was harvested, 3 percentage points behind last year and 2 points behind the 5-year average. The rice harvest was complete or nearing completion in all of the estimating states. Harvest progress advanced 26 percentage points from the previous week in California. Other Crops: Sixty-six percent of the nation’s peanut acreage was harvested as of October 28, six percentage points behind last year and 4 points behind the 5-year average. Peanut harvest advanced 11 percentage points or more from the previous week in all of the estimating states, except Florida and Georgia. By October 28, producers had harvested 82 percent of the nation’s sugarbeet acreage, 3 percentage points behind both last year and the 5-year average. Harvest progress advanced 19 percentage points from the previous week in Minnesota. By October 28, thirty-three percent of this year’s sunflower crop was harvested, 17 percentage points behind last year and 12 points behind the 5-year average. Harvest progress advanced 15 percentage points from the previous week in Kansas and 19 points in North Dakota.
10 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin October 30, 2018
Crop Progress and Condition Week Ending October 28, 2018
Weekly U.S. Progress and Condition Data provided by USDA/NASS
Prev Prev Oct 28 5-Yr Prev Prev Oct 28 5-Yr Prev Prev Oct 28 5-Yr
Year Week 2018 Avg Year Week 2018 Avg Year Week 2018 Avg
CO 29 38 50 48 AR 88 54 63 81 ID 75 49 66 74
IL 71 82 89 79 IL 85 74 86 84 MI 46 42 58 52
IN 57 65 77 65 IN 78 67 80 77 MN 96 73 92 95
IA 41 29 49 57 IA 80 37 71 86 ND 98 79 93 98
KS 76 69 76 84 KS 71 23 42 70 4 Sts 85 65 82 85
KY 86 84 89 87 KY 54 46 56 55 These 4 States harvested 83%
MI 43 31 46 38 LA 100 91 93 98 of last year's sugarbeet acreage.
MN 35 35 58 58 MI 77 43 65 69
MO 78 85 90 83 MN 93 62 87 95
NE 42 34 47 55 MS 93 80 88 91 Prev Prev Oct 28 5-Yr
NC 97 93 95 96 MO 60 33 51 61 Year Week 2018 Avg
ND 34 21 36 44 NE 86 54 74 90 CO 28 20 31 48
OH 46 47 64 56 NC 40 23 32 28 KS 38 25 40 42
PA 50 37 50 55 ND 95 53 78 92 ND 53 30 49 43
SD 33 25 41 50 OH 84 58 75 80 SD 48 8 16 48
TN 97 92 95 94 SD 94 48 77 94 4 Sts 50 19 33 45
TX 87 79 85 86 TN 61 52 60 61 These 4 States harvested 87%
WI 24 31 46 38 WI 78 36 61 77 of last year's sunflower acreage.
18 Sts 52 49 63 63 18 Sts 81 53 72 81
These 18 States harvested 94% These 18 States harvested 95%
of last year's corn acreage. of last year's soybean acreage.
Prev Prev Oct 28 5-Yr Prev Prev Oct 28 5-Yr
Year Week 2018 Avg Year Week 2018 Avg VP P F G EX
AL 92 93 95 95 AL 52 41 50 53 AL 7 18 15 48 12
AZ 100 100 100 100 AZ 37 29 35 37 AZ 2 10 31 47 10
12 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin October 30, 2018
Crop Progress and Condition Week Ending October 28, 2018
Weekly U.S. Progress and Condition Data provided by USDA/NASS
Prev Prev Oct 28 5-Yr
Year Week 2018 Avg VP P F G EX VP P F G EX
AR 100 94 96 97 AL 3 6 22 59 10 NH 2 52 29 17 0
CA 95 66 92 95 AZ 22 27 29 15 7 NJ 0 17 27 56 0
LA 100 100 100 100 AR 5 10 27 46 12 NM 18 29 40 11 2
MS 100 95 97 98 CA 40 25 5 25 5 NY 4 18 28 31 19
MO 95 93 97 95 CO 30 28 16 23 3 NC 1 6 37 54 2
TX 100 100 100 100 CT 50 50 0 0 0 ND 5 19 48 26 2
6 Sts 99 90 96 98 DE 2 15 44 34 5 OH 2 5 34 51 8
These 6 States harvested 100% FL 1 7 34 46 12 OK 1 7 31 56 5
of last year's rice acreage. GA 3 9 38 46 4 OR 50 21 18 11 0
ID 5 22 46 26 1 PA 1 13 20 59 7
IL 2 8 37 40 13 RI 25 35 40 0 0
IN 3 11 40 41 5 SC 0 1 51 47 1
IA 3 10 35 45 7 SD 8 17 32 40 3
KS 4 10 33 46 7 TN 1 11 29 51 8
KY 3 8 23 58 8 TX 2 11 30 43 14
LA 2 13 41 40 4 UT 26 42 25 6 1
ME 0 68 30 2 0 VT 3 3 64 30 0
MD 3 6 23 64 4 VA 0 7 25 49 19
MA 0 10 25 60 5 WA 26 24 28 22 0
MI 3 17 31 38 11 WV 1 12 27 54 6
MN 6 13 34 41 6 WI 5 9 32 37 17
MS 1 8 39 45 7 WY 6 11 33 41 9
MO 6 22 38 31 3 48 Sts 7 13 30 42 8
MT 9 15 27 44 5
NE 1 3 18 61 17 Prev Wk 7 13 30 42 8
NV 5 10 50 30 5 Prev Yr 9 16 35 35 5
Rice Percent Harvested Pasture and Range Condition by PercentWeek Ending Oct 28, 2018
VP - Very Poor; P - Poor;F - Fair;
G - Good; EX - Excellent
NA - Not Available* Revised
October 30, 2018 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 13
Crop Progress and Condition Week Ending October 28, 2018
Weekly U.S. Progress and Condition Data provided by USDA/NASS
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14 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin October 30, 2018
Crop Progress and Condition Week Ending October 28, 2018
Weekly U.S. Progress and Condition Data provided by USDA/NASS
42[-2]
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Topsoil MoistureThis product was prepared by theUSDA Office of the Chief Economist (OCE)World Agricultural Outlook Board (WAOB)
United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture
Data obtained from USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service weekly Crop Progressreports. These reports are available through http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/.
Topsoil MoistureThis product was prepared by theUSDA Office of the Chief Economist (OCE)World Agricultural Outlook Board (WAOB)
United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture
Percent Short to Very ShortWeek Ending - October 28, 2018
Data obtained from USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service weekly Crop Progressreports. These reports are available through http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/.
Top ## - Percent Short to Very Short
[Bottom ##] - Change from Last WeekShort to Very Short
October 30, 2018 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 15
Crop Progress and Condition Week Ending October 28, 2018
Weekly U.S. Progress and Condition Data provided by USDA/NASS
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50[+1]
Subsoil MoistureThis product was prepared by theUSDA Office of the Chief Economist (OCE)World Agricultural Outlook Board (WAOB)
United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture
Data obtained from USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service weekly Crop Progressreports. These reports are available through http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/.
Subsoil MoistureThis product was prepared by theUSDA Office of the Chief Economist (OCE)World Agricultural Outlook Board (WAOB)
United StatesDepartment ofAgriculture
Percent Short to Very ShortWeek Ending - October 28, 2018
Data obtained from USDA National Agricultural Statistics Service weekly Crop Progressreports. These reports are available through http://www.nass.usda.gov/Publications/.
Top ## - Percent Short to Very Short
[Bottom ##] - Change from Last WeekShort to Very Short
October 21-27, 2018 International Weather and Crop Highlights and Summaries provided by USDA/WAOB
HIGHLIGHTS
EUROPE: Much-needed rain arrived in northeastern growing areas, while drought lingered for another week across parts of western Europe. WESTERN FSU: Rain boosted moisture supplies for winter wheat establishment. MIDDLE EAST: Widespread soaking rainfall boosted moisture supplies for winter grain planting and establishment. SOUTH ASIA: Seasonably dry weather across much of the region aided fieldwork. EASTERN ASIA: Mostly dry weather in eastern China benefited wheat and rapeseed planting. SOUTHEAST ASIA: Showers across Indochina provided a late-season boost to moisture supplies for immature rice, as rainfall in Indonesia encouraged main-season rice sowing.
AUSTRALIA: Showers in the northeast further benefited summer crops, while dry weather elsewhere promoted winter crop maturation. SOUTH AFRICA: Dry weather supported planting of corn and other rain-fed summer crops. ARGENTINA: Much-needed rain fell in previously-dry western farming areas. BRAZIL: Widespread, locally heavy showers benefited emerging to vegetative summer crops. MEXICO: Hurricane Willa made landfall in western Mexico, damaging local infrastructure but generating late-season showers over northern watersheds.
Dry
Rain (NE Europe)
Soaking Rain
Rain for Winter Wheat (Western FSU)
Showers For Immature Rice
Hurricane
Willa
Dry
Summer Crop Planting
Rain (Argentina)
Showers (NE Australia)
Rain
October 30, 2018 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 17
A shift in the weather pattern brought much-needed rain to northeastern growing areas, while dryness and drought lingered for another week across much of western Europe. The recent stagnant area of high pressure over eastern Europe gave way to a pronounced southward dip in the jet stream, ushering in cooler, wetter weather across much of eastern Europe. In particular, rain totaled 10 to 80 mm from northeastern Germany into Poland and the Baltic States, improving soil moisture for winter crop establishment following a protracted drought which began in early June. However, given the severity and duration of this year’s drought, more rain will be needed to recharge topsoil and subsoil moisture supplies as well as storage ponds, streamflows, and reservoir levels; even with this week’s rain, precipitation since June 1 was still locally less
than 50 percent of normal in parts of Germany. Showers were lighter (1-10 mm) in the Balkans’ winter crop areas, where short-term drought (less than 50 percent of normal over the past 60 days) has reduced topsoil moisture for winter wheat and rapeseed establishment. In contrast, moderate to heavy rain (10-85 mm) in northern Italy improved moisture supplies and irrigation reserves following a 90-day stretch of drier-than-normal weather. In Spain, light to moderate showers (trace to 35 mm) sustained moisture supplies for winter grain sowing, particularly in center portions of the country; in contrast, drought continued to develop in northwestern Spain (Castilla y León), a major barley-producing region. Drought remained a concern over France, though widespread rain overspread the country after the end of the period.
EUROPE
18 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin October 30, 2018
Wet conditions returned, boosting moisture supplies but hampering late-season fieldwork. After last week’s sunny, warm weather encouraged a rapid pace of summer crop harvesting, moderate to heavy rain (10-140 mm) across much of the region improved soil moisture reserves for winter wheat. Rain was particularly welcomed in
southwestern Russia, where varying degrees of drought since the middle of summer left soils devoid of moisture. Temperatures up to 5°C above normal in Russia encouraged late-season wheat emergence and establishment before the arrival of the region’s typically-harsh winter weather.
WESTERN FSU
October 30, 2018 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 19
Rain intensified and expanded over much of the region, improving soil moisture supplies but halting fieldwork. Early in the period, a slow-moving, moisture-laden Mediterranean storm system brought widespread moderate to heavy rainfall (25-125 mm) to most major winter grain areas from Turkey
into western Iran. The rain boosted moisture supplies for winter grain emergence and establishment but halted seasonal fieldwork. Drier weather returned during the latter half of the week, enabling a resumption of wheat and barley planting and late summer crop harvesting.
MIDDLE EAST
20 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin October 30, 2018
Seasonably dry weather across India facilitated summer (kharif) crop harvesting as well as winter (rabi) crop sowing. In northern India as well as Pakistan, cotton and rice harvesting was nearing completion, with wheat and rapeseed sowing commencing. In eastern India and Bangladesh, summer rice was being harvested with a
winter rice crop following. Meanwhile, cotton and oilseed harvesting continued in western India. Showers (25-100 mm) were confined to the far southern tip of India (southern Kerala and Tamil Nadu) and throughout Sri Lanka, boosting moisture reserves for winter-grown rice.
SOUTH ASIA
October 30, 2018 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 21
Mostly dry weather in eastern China promoted the last vestiges of summer crop harvesting and winter crop planting. Wheat sowing continued on the North China Plain, as rapeseed went into the ground throughout the Yangtze Valley. Brief periods of
showers stretched from the eastern Yangtze Valley (10-25 mm) to the southern provinces (25-100 mm), boosting soil moisture for winter crop establishment. Temperatures across the east and south were near to above normal, aiding emergence.
EASTERN ASIA
22 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin October 30, 2018
Late-season showers continued across Indochina, with resurgent rainfall in northern Thailand. Rainfall totals were mostly between 25 and 100 mm, with pockets of lesser amounts observed. The moisture benefited immature summer rice (harvested after November) and further boosted irrigation supplies for rice grown in the dry, winter season. In the Philippines, seasonably drier weather in the northern and western regions aided summer rice maturation. However,
Typhoon Yutu was approaching key rice areas in the north. Rice prospects in the north already experienced reductions due to Super Typhoon Mangkhut making landfall in mid-September. Meanwhile in southern sections of the region, seasonal showers (25-100 mm) continued in Indonesia and Malaysia, slowing the final stages of the main oil palm harvest period. However, the moisture will benefit next year’s crop and encouraged main-season rice sowing, particularly in Java, Indonesia.
SOUTHEAST ASIA
October 30, 2018 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 23
In southern Queensland and northern New South Wales, scattered showers (2-10 mm, locally more) further increased local moisture supplies for recently-sown summer crops and likely encouraged additional planting. The rain may have slowed wheat drydown and harvesting, but given the poor yield prospects for winter crops and the severity of the drought in eastern Australia, the rain was mostly welcome and helped improve early-season yield prospects for cotton, sorghum, and other summer crops. Elsewhere in Australia, soaking rain (10-25 mm or more) fell across eastern sections
of Western Australia and western sections of South Australia. However, the majority of the rain fell outside of major agricultural areas in western and southeastern Australia, resulting in mostly dry weather in the wheat belt. The dry weather worked in tandem with relatively warm weather to promote maturation of wheat, barley, and canola and to aid early harvesting, which has reportedly begun in some northern growing areas. Temperatures averaged near normal in western and southeastern Australia and 2 to 3°C above normal in eastern Australia.
AUSTRALIA
24 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin October 30, 2018
Dry weather dominated the region, favoring summer crop planting in areas with sufficient soil moisture. Following several weeks of scattered albeit beneficial showers, nearly all South African farming areas recorded no rainfall, exceptions being light showers (only isolated amounts of 10 mm or higher) in Western Cape and along the KwaZulu-Natal coast. Weekly temperatures averaged up to 3°C below normal across
the corn belt (North West and Free State northeastward through Mpumalanga and Limpopo), although daytime highs reached the lower and middle 30s in spots during the latter half of the week. In contrast, above-normal temperatures dominated the southwest, with daytime highs reaching 40°C on several days in Western Cape, where the warmth and dryness fostered rapid development of irrigated tree and vine crops.
SOUTH AFRICA
October 30, 2018 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 25
For a second week, much-needed rain improved prospects of immature winter grains and emerging summer crops in western farming areas. Rainfall totaled 25 to 100 mm from the northern production areas of La Pampa and western Buenos Aires to the Paraguayan border; for much of the region from Cordoba northward, it was the heaviest and most extensive rain of the season. Similarly, most northeastern cotton areas (northern Santa Fe, Chaco, and Formosa) received widespread rainfall, replenishing topsoil moisture for summer crop germination and establishment. Most other locations recorded
at least 10 mm, an exception being eastern sections of Buenos Aires and Entre Rios, as well as Uruguay, where the dryness aided fieldwork. Weekly temperatures averaged 2°C below normal over most of central Argentina, though no freezes were recorded. Daytime highs ranged from the lower and middle 20s (degrees C) in the vicinity of Buenos Aires to the middle 30s in the far north. According to the government of Argentina, corn was 38 percent planted as of October 25, 7 points ahead of last year’s pace; planting reached 54 percent complete in Buenos Aires versus 37 percent last year.
ARGENTINA
26 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin October 30, 2018
Widespread showers maintained favorable summer crop prospects throughout nearly all major production areas. Rainfall totaling more than 25 mm spanned a large area from Mato Grosso to northern Rio Grande do Sul, stretching eastward through Minas Gerais and much of Bahia. Heavy rain (greater than 50 mm) was common throughout the aforementioned region with some of the wettest conditions (greater than 100 mm) centered over Mato Grosso do Sul. Summer warmth (daytime highs reaching the middle and upper 30s degrees C in most areas) spurred rapid development of
emerging to vegetative summer crops, specialty crops such as sugarcane and coffee, and maturing wheat. According to the government of Parana, soybeans and first-crop corn were 59 and 90 percent planted, respectively, as of October 22; in addition, wheat was 77 percent harvested. Government reports from Mato Grosso depicted soybean planting at 73 percent complete as of October 26, well ahead of the 5-year average of 44 percent. In Rio Grande do Sul, where summer crops are traditionally planted later, soybeans were reportedly 3 percent planted as of October 25, with 30 percent of wheat harvested.
BRAZIL
October 30, 2018 Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin 27
On October 23, Hurricane Willa made landfall near the border between Sinaloa and Nayarit with sustained winds approaching 105 knots, generating local flooding and damage to infrastructure from the high winds and associated storm surge. As Willa moved inland and rapidly weakened, the storm’s remnants generated unseasonably heavy rainfall (amounts in excess of 100 mm) over some northern watersheds, notably in Coahuila and environs. In contrast, mostly dry conditions prevailed in the northwest, though isolated showers (locally exceeding 25 mm) were recorded in
Sonora and Chihuahua. In southern Mexico, heavy rain (25-50 mm or greater) were concentrated along the southern Pacific and Gulf Coasts, including sugarcane areas in and around Veracruz. According to the government of Mexico, northwestern reservoirs reached 73 percent of capacity as of October 20, comparable to last year’s levels (74 percent) but below levels attained in 2016 (93 percent). This is the final weekly summary of the season; coverage will resume in April 2019.
MEXICO
The Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin (ISSN 0043-1974) is jointly prepared by the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Publication began in 1872 as the Weekly Weather Chronicle. It is issued under general authority of the Act of January 12, 1895 (44-USC 213), 53rd Congress, 3rd Session. The contents may be redistributed freely with proper credit. Correspondence to the meteorologists should be directed to: Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin, NOAA/USDA, Joint Agricultural Weather Facility, USDA South Building, Room 4443B, Washington, DC 20250. Internet URL: http://www.usda.gov/oce/weather E-mail address: [email protected] The Weekly Weather and Crop Bulletin and archives are maintained on the following USDA Internet URL: http://www.usda.gov/oce/weather/pubs/Weekly/Wwcb/index.htm
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE World Agricultural Outlook Board Managing Editor.......................... Brad Rippey (202) 720-2397 Production Editor........................ Brian Morris (202) 720-3062 International Editor.................. Mark Brusberg (202) 720-2012 Agricultural Weather Analysts......................... Harlan Shannon
and Eric Luebehusen National Agricultural Statistics Service Agricultural Statistician and State Summaries Editor…..…..……. Jannety Mosley (202) 720-7621
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration National Weather Service/Climate Prediction Center Meteorologists...... David Miskus, Brad Pugh, Adam Allgood,
and Rich Tinker
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The Drought Monitor focuses on broad-scale conditions. Local conditions may vary. See accompanying text summary for forecast statements.