Dec 27, 2015
• Heat transfer occurs by:
– Conduction – atomic or molecular transfer
– Convection – mass movement
– Radiation – wave-like energy emitted
• Role of variable gases and how they change– Carbon dioxide
• Anthropogenic sources• Natural sources
– Water vapor• Air temp controls amounts in atmosphere
– Ozone– Shield to UV rays– Attacked by CFCs and freon
– Methane• Decay of organic material; coal mines; animals
– Halocarbons• Cl, F and Br compounds; anthropogenic
– Aerosols [microscopic liquids and solids]• Desert dust, wildfires, volcanic gases
Thunderstorm facts
• About 16 million occur worldwide each year
• Florida has about 100 thunderstorm days per year; Uganda has about 240
• 1,800 occur at any given moment• All produce lightning; severe storms
produce hail which can travel up to 100 mph
Date Location Deaths/Injured Notes
March 18, 1925 MO, IL, IN 695/2027 F5 – Tri-State Tornado
May 6, 1840 LA, MS 317/109 Nachez Tornado
May 27, 1896 MO, IL 255/1,000 St Louis Tornado
April 5, 1936 MS 216/700 Tupelo Tornado
April 6, 1936 GA 203/1,600 Gainesville Tornado
April 9, 1947 TX, OK, KS 181/970 Woodward Tornado
May 22, 2011 MO 158/> 1,000 Joplin, MO – 22mi grnd
April 24, 1908 MS, LA 143/770 Amite/Pine/Purvis Torn
June 12, 1899 WI 117/200 New Richmond Tornado
June 8, 1953 MI 115/844 Flint Tornado
Top 10 killer tornadoes