Weather and meteorology CAPT. STANISLAV HOFMAN UO BRNO 2015.

Weather and meteorology

CAPT. STANISLAV HOFMAN

UO BRNO 2015

Definitions

Weather is the state of the atmosphere at precise time and given position.

It is given by observed atmospheric phenomena such as temperature, moisture, wind, barometric pressure, clouds,etc.

Meteorology is a science studying the atmosphere.

Main information for pilot and ATCo

Wind,

Visibility,

Clouds,

Temperature,

Pressure,

Meteorological hazards (thunderstorm, windshear,

icing, precipitations, fog, mist, turbulence)

WINDWind - the movement of the air between areas of a different

atmospheric pressure

Gust - a sudden temporary increase of wind speed, at least 10 knots

Wind shear - a sudden change in wind direction and/or speed over a short distance

Wind is indicated by direction and velocity

Headwind, tailwind, crosswind

VISIBILITY

Types - meteorological, flight visibility, RVR

Limitations - haze, mist, fog, fog patches

Phenomena reducing visibility - humidity, low level clouds

CLOUDS cloud base, top of clouds cloud cover cloud type - low, middle, high level CB - thunderstorm, lightning, thunder

CLOUDSCloud base - the lowest height of the cloud coverCloud cover - the amount of clouds which can be seen in

the sky

Significant clouds - cumulonimbus CB - large, dense, unstable heap cloud with a lot of vertical height and which can develop into thunderstorms

TEMPERATURECelsius degreeDewpoint - itś a temperature then the air is

maximally saturated with water vapour (relative humidity reaches 100%). If the temperature drops below this point, condensation occurs.

PRESSUREQNH (AMSL) QFE (AGL) Standard atmospheric pressure (FL)

METEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS

PRECIPITATION intensity, time, form, amount light, moderate, heavy continuous, intermittend rain, shower, drizzle, thunderstorm, sleet snow, freezing rain or drizzle, blizzard, hail icing

METEOROLOGICAL HAZARDS

THUNDERSTORMS

Squall, turbulence, gusts, windshear Lightning, thunder Heavy rain, hail

Meteorological forecast and information

METAR - Meteorological Aerodrome Report

METAR LKNA 301900Z 13010KT 9999 OVC020 02/M02 Q1013 NOSIG

TAF - Terminal Aerodrome ForecastTAF LKNA 301700Z 3018/3118 12010KT 7000 OVC017

BECMG 3019/3021 15018G35KT PROB30 TEMPO 3106/3111 15025G45KT PROB30 TEMPO 3109/3115 4000 -RA BR OVC015

SPECI – Special Met Report

Source of meteorological information

- meteorological briefing

- radar screen

- Ledis screen

- pilot’s and ATCo’s report

Abbreviations

BC, BCFG, BKN, BLSN, BR, CB, CLD, DP, DU, DZ, FEW, FG, FU, FZRA, GR, HVYGR, HZ, ICE, OVC, RA, RERA, SCT, SH, SKC, SN, TS, VIS, VRB, WS,

Colour code - Colour system used to describe weather at airfield (visibility, cloud base)

BLU, WHT, GRN, YLO, AMB, RED, BLACK

Thank you for your attention!

QUESTIONS?