We have opportunities to practice literacy skills in big and small ways daily .

We have opportunities to practice

literacy skills in big and small ways

daily. Part Two

We have opportunities to practice

literacy skills in big and small ways

daily.

We give students

Part Two

Southern Regional Education Board, 2009 Policy Statement, page 5

“Asking a teacher to become a reading teacher is distinctly different from asking a teacher to help students master texts within the teacher’s own field...

In fact, subject-area teachers are best qualified to help their students master texts in each course. Subject-area teachers should not be expected to teach basic reading skills, but they can help students develop critical strategies & skills for reading texts in each subject.”

What do you speak?ChapterThree

Types of Reading

Levels of CompetenceChapterTwo

ChapterOne

Transfer SkillsChapterFour

Quick Peek at Common Core State StandardsCollege and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Reading

Grade 8

Quick Peek at Common Core State StandardsCollege and Career Readiness Anchor Standards for Reading

Grade 8

1. Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly & to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or

speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.

LiteratureCite the textual evidence that most

strongly supports an analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text

History/Social StudiesCite specific textual evidence

to support analysis of primary & secondary sources.

Informational TextCite the textual evidence that most

strongly supports an analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text

Science & TechnicalCite specific textual evidence

to support analysis of science & technical texts

Key Ideas & Details Explicit/Implicit

1. Read closely to determine what the text says explicitly & to make logical inferences from it; cite specific textual evidence when writing or

speaking to support conclusions drawn from the text.

LiteratureCite the textual evidence that most

strongly supports an analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text

History/Social StudiesCite specific textual evidence

to support analysis of primary & secondary sources.

Informational TextCite the textual evidence that most

strongly supports an analysis of what the text says explicitly as well as inferences drawn from the text

Science & TechnicalCite specific textual evidence

to support analysis of science & technical texts

Key Ideas & Details Explicit/Implicit

2. Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development;

summarize the key supporting details & ideas

LiteratureDetermine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over

the course of the text, including its relationship to the characters, setting,

and plot; provide an objective summary of the text.

History/Social StudiesDetermine the central ideas or

information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of

the source distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.

Informational TextDetermine a central idea of a text & analyze its development overthe course of the text, including

its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary

of the text.

Science & TechnicalDetermine the central ideas or

conclusions of a text; provide an accurate summary of the text distinct

from prior knowledge or opinions.

Key Ideas & Details Main Idea

2. Determine central ideas or themes of a text and analyze their development;

summarize the key supporting details & ideas

LiteratureDetermine a theme or central idea of a text and analyze its development over

the course of the text, including its relationship to the characters, setting,

and plot; provide an objective summary of the text.

History/Social StudiesDetermine the central ideas or

information of a primary or secondary source; provide an accurate summary of

the source distinct from prior knowledge or opinions.

Informational TextDetermine a central idea of a text & analyze its development over the course of the text, including

its relationship to supporting ideas; provide an objective summary

of the text.

Science & TechnicalDetermine the central ideas or

conclusions of a text; provide an accurate summary of the text distinct

from prior knowledge or opinions.

Key Ideas & Details Main Idea

3. Analyze how & why individuals, events, & ideas

develop and interact over the course of a text

LiteratureAnalyze how particular lines of

dialogue or incidents in a story or drama propel the action,

reveal aspects of a character, or provoke a decision

History/Social StudiesIdentify key steps in a text’s description

of a process related to history/social studies

(e.g., how a bill becomes law, interest rates are raised/lowered)

Informational TextAnalyze how a text

makes connections among and distinctions between

individuals, ideas, or events (e.g., via comparisons, analogies, or categories).

Science & TechnicalFollow precisely a multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical

tasks.

Key Ideas & Details Text Relationships

3. Analyze how & why individuals, events, & ideas

develop and interact over the course of a text

LiteratureAnalyze how particular lines of

dialogue or incidents in a story or drama propel the action,

reveal aspects of a character, or provoke a decision

History/Social StudiesIdentify key steps in a text’s description

of a process related to history/social studies

(e.g., how a bill becomes law, interest rates are raised/lowered)

Informational TextAnalyze how a text makes connections

among and distinctions between

individuals, ideas, or events (e.g., via comparisons, analogies, or categories).

Science & TechnicalFollow precisely a multistep procedure when carrying out experiments, taking measurements, or performing technical

tasks.

Key Ideas & Details Text Relationships

4. Interpret words & phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, connotative

& figurative meanings, andanalyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone.

LiteratureDetermine the meaning of words & phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative & connotative meanings; analyze the impact of specific word choices on meaning & tone,

including analogies or allusions to other texts.History/Social Studies

Determine the meaning of words and phrases as they are used in a text,

including vocabulary specific to domains related to history/

social studies

Informational TextDetermine the meaning of words & phrases as

they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, & technical meanings; analyze

the impact of specific word choices on meaning & tone, including analogies or

allusions to other texts.

Science & TechnicalDetermine the meaning of symbols, key terms, & other domain-specific words &

phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to

grades 6–8 texts & topics.

Craft & Structure Vocabulary

4. Interpret words & phrases as they are used in a text, including determining technical, connotative

& figurative meanings, andanalyze how specific word choices shape meaning or tone.

LiteratureDetermine the meaning of words & phrases as they are used in a text, including figurative &

connotative meanings; analyze the impact of specific word choices on

meaning & tone, including analogies or allusions to other texts.

History/Social StudiesDetermine the meaning of words

and phrases as they are used in a text, including vocabulary specific to domains

related to history/social studies

Informational TextDetermine the meaning of words & phrases as

they are used in a text, including figurative, connotative, & technical meanings; analyze

the impact of specific word choices on meaning & tone, including analogies or

allusions to other texts.

Science & TechnicalDetermine the meaning of symbols, key terms, & other domain-specific words &

phrases as they are used in a specific scientific or technical context relevant to

grades 6–8 texts & topics.

Craft & Structure Vocabulary

5. Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, & larger portions of the text

(e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other & the whole

LiteratureCompare and contrast the

structure of two or more texts and analyze how the

differing structure of each text contributes to its meaning and style.History/Social Studies

Describe how a text presents information

(e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally).

Informational TextAnalyze in detail the structure of a

specific paragraph in a text, including the role of

particular sentences in developing & refining a key concept.

Science & TechnicalAnalyze the structure an author uses to

organize a text, including how the major sections contribute

to the whole & to an understanding of the topic.

Craft & Structure Text Structure

5. Analyze the structure of texts, including how specific sentences, paragraphs, & larger portions of the text

(e.g., a section, chapter, scene, or stanza) relate to each other & the whole

LiteratureCompare and contrast the

structure of two or more texts and analyze how the

differing structure of each text contributes to its meaning and style.History/Social Studies

Describe how a text presents information

(e.g., sequentially, comparatively, causally).

Informational TextAnalyze in detail the structure of a

specific paragraph in a text, including the role of

particular sentences in developing & refining a key concept.

Science & TechnicalAnalyze the structure an author uses to

organize a text, including how the major sections contribute

to the whole & to an understanding of the topic.

Craft & Structure Text Structure

6. Assess how point of view or purpose shapes the content & style of a text

LiteratureAnalyze how differences in the

points of view of the characters and the audience or reader

(e.g., created through use of dramatic irony) create such effects as suspense or humor.

History/Social StudiesIdentify aspects of a text

that reveal an author’s point of view or purpose

(e.g., loaded language, inclusion or avoidance of particular facts).

Informational TextDetermine an author’s

point of view or purpose in a text and analyze how the author

acknowledges and responds to conflicting evidence or viewpoints.

Science & TechnicalAnalyze the author’s purpose in

providing an explanation, describing a procedure, or

discussing an experiment in a text.

Craft & Structure Author Purpose/Perspective

6. Assess how point of view or purpose shapes the content & style of a text

LiteratureAnalyze how differences in the

points of view of the characters and the audience or reader

(e.g., created through use of dramatic irony) create such effects as suspense or humor.

History/Social StudiesIdentify aspects of a text

that reveal an author’s point of view or purpose

(e.g., loaded language, inclusion or avoidance of particular facts).

Informational TextDetermine an author’s

point of view or purpose in a text and analyze how the author

acknowledges and responds to conflicting evidence or viewpoints.

Science & TechnicalAnalyze the author’s purpose in

providing an explanation, describing a procedure, or

discussing an experiment in a text.

Craft & Structure Author Purpose/Perspective

7. Integrate & evaluate content presented in diverse formats & media,

including visually & quantitatively, as well as in words.

LiteratureAnalyze the extent to which a filmed or live production of a story or drama stays

faithful to or departs from the text or script, evaluating the choices made by

the director or actors.History/Social StudiesIntegrate visual information

(e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other

information in print & digital texts

Informational TextEvaluate the

advantages & disadvantages of using different mediums

(e.g., print or digital text, video, multimedia) to present a particular topic or idea.

Science & TechnicalIntegrate quantitative or technical

information expressed in words in a text with a version of that information

expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or table).

Integration of Knowledge & Ideas Visual Literacy/Technology

7. Integrate & evaluate content presented in diverse formats & media,

including visually & quantitatively, as well as in words.

LiteratureAnalyze the extent to which a

filmed or live production of a story or drama stays faithful to or departs from the text or script, evaluating choices

made by the director or actorsHistory/Social StudiesIntegrate visual information

(e.g., in charts, graphs, photographs, videos, or maps) with other

information in print & digital texts

Informational TextEvaluate the

advantages & disadvantages of using different mediums

(e.g., print or digital text, video, multimedia) to present a particular topic or idea.

Science & TechnicalIntegrate quantitative or technical

information expressed in words in a text with a version of that information

expressed visually (e.g., in a flowchart, diagram, model, graph, or table).

Integration of Knowledge & Ideas Visual Literacy/Technology

8. Delineate & evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as

the relevance & sufficiency of the evidence

LiteratureNot applicable to literature.

History/Social StudiesDistinguish among fact, opinion, and reasoned judgment in a text

Informational TextDelineate & evaluate the

argument & specific claims in a text, assessing whether the reasoning

is sound & the evidence is relevant & sufficient; recognize when irrelevant

evidence is introduced.

Science & TechnicalDistinguish among facts,

reasoned judgment based on research findings, &

speculation in a text

Integration of Knowledge & Ideas Argument & Support

8. Delineate & evaluate the argument and specific claims in a text, including the validity of the reasoning as well as

the relevance & sufficiency of the evidence

LiteratureNot applicable to literature.

History/Social StudiesDistinguish among fact, opinion, and reasoned judgment in a text

Informational TextDelineate & evaluate the

argument & specific claims in a text, assessing whether the reasoning

is sound & the evidence is relevant & sufficient; recognize when irrelevant

evidence is introduced.Science & Technical

Distinguish among facts, reasoned judgment based on research

findings, & speculation in a text

Integration of Knowledge & Ideas Argument & Support

9. Analyze how two or more textsaddress similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or

to compare the approaches the authors take.

LiteratureAnalyze how a modern work of fiction draws on themes, patterns of events, or character types from myths, traditional stories, or religious works such as the Bible, including describing how the

material is rendered new.History/Social StudiesAnalyze the relationship between

a primary & secondary source on the same topic

Informational TextAnalyze a case in which two or more

texts provide conflicting information on the same topic and identify

where the texts disagree on matters of fact or interpretation.Science & Technical

Compare & contrast the information gained from experiments, simulations, video, or multimedia sources with that gained from reading a text on the same

topic.

Integration of Knowledge & Ideas Multiple Texts

9. Analyze how two or more textsaddress similar themes or topics in order to build knowledge or

to compare the approaches the authors take.

LiteratureAnalyze how a modern work of fiction draws on themes, patterns of events or character types from myths, traditional stories, or religious works such as the Bible, including describing how the

material is rendered new.History/Social StudiesAnalyze the relationship between

a primary & secondary source on the same topic

Informational TextAnalyze a case in which two or more

texts provide conflicting information on the same topic and identify

where the texts disagree on matters of fact or interpretation.Science & Technical

Compare & contrast the information gained from experiments, simulations, video, or multimedia sources with that gained from reading a text on the same

topic.

Integration of Knowledge & Ideas Multiple Texts

10. Read & comprehend complex literary & informational texts

independently & proficiently.

LiteratureBy the end of the year,

read & comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, & poems,

at the high end of the grades 6–8 text complexity band

independently and proficiently.

History/Social StudiesBy the end of grade 8, read & comprehend

history/social studies texts in the grades 6–8 text complexity band

independently & proficiently.

Informational TextBy the end of the year,

read & comprehend literary nonfiction at the high end of the grades 6–8

text complexity band independently and proficiently.

Science & TechnicalBy the end of grade 8, read & comprehend

science/technical texts in the grades 6–8 text complexity band

independently & proficiently.

Range of Reading & Level of Text Complexity Text Complexity

10. Read & comprehend complex literary & informational texts

independently & proficiently.

LiteratureBy the end of the year,

read & comprehend literature, including stories, dramas, & poems,

at the high end of the grades 6–8 text complexity band

independently and proficiently.

History/Social StudiesBy the end of grade 8, read & comprehend

history/social studies texts in the grades 6–8 text complexity band

independently & proficiently.

Informational TextBy the end of the year,

read & comprehend literary nonfiction at the high end of the grades 6–8

text complexity band independently and proficiently.

Science & TechnicalBy the end of grade 8, read & comprehend

science/technical texts in the grades 6–8 text complexity band

independently & proficiently.

Range of Reading & Level of Text Complexity Text Complexity

State Standards what do they have in Common Informational Text, Literature, History/Social Studies

Grades 6 - 12

“…ultimately, our students are expected to develop as competent

readers, writers, & thinkers in all academic disciplines.”

Developing Readers in the Academic Disciplines, Doug Buehl