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Punctuation Capitalization

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Apostrophe Apostrophe has two purposes, to demonstrate Ownership (possession) and contractions. Examples  Those are Herry’s books. (ownership) don’t is’nt She’s a great teacher. (constraction)

Capital LettersCapital Letter is a capital letter on the first word in each sentence and the first letter of the name of the person or place.Examples  Indonesia has more than one thousands islands.I buy a dress for Dhea.

ColonUsed to specify a list of things and showed excerpts.ExamplesThere are many kind of method in teaching: TPR, CLL, CLT, GTM and etc.    The owner of the company said: “I have invested all my stocks.”

Comma Used to indicate a pause sentence.ExamplesWhen the bell rang, I was in my bedroom doing my assignment.Used on a quote to show that someone has said directly.Examples“I can come today,” she said, “but not tomorrow.” Commas can be placed between clauses as additional information in a sentence

DashUsed before a phrase which is the main idea of a sentence.ExamplesBlue, purple and green – these are my favorit colors.Used before and after phrases or lists that show additional information in mid-sentence.ExamplesThe children - Pierre, Laura, and Ashley - went to the store.

Ellipsis points Ellipsis is a reduction of one or more words in a paragraph, usually used in citations. Ellipsis Points can be placed at the beginning, middle or end of a sentence.ExamplesThe greater the knowledge of a reader, the better the comprehension of text.... Knowledge is an organized collection of information.... Comprehension within this framework is perceived more as confirmation of hypotheses about the way the world is thought to be than as a purely original assimilation of new facts.

Exclamation marksUsed at the end of a sentence to show excitement or surprise.Examples  “Congratulation!” she said to me because I have won the competition.“Help, help!” She shouted.

Full stopUsed to end a sentence.ExamplesI have finished my assignment last night.Used to write the title (titles), acronyms (abbreviations) and letters stands for the word description (Acronyms).ExamplesTitles               : M.Pd, M.Ag, M.HumAbbreviation/ acronyms : Prof., U.S.A.,

HyphenUsed to combine two words from one idea simultaneously.Examplessweet-smelling fire-resistant To combine affixes the wordExamplesnon-contactUsed when writing combined figureone-quarter twenty-three

Quotation marksUsed to indicate that someone has said directly.Examples

"Hallie said, 'Mimi, please wash the dishes.'“"'Today,' said our teacher 'is the first day of the rest of your lives.'"

ParanthesesUsed to include material that will be explained.Examples

Thirty-five years after his death, Robert Frost remains America's favorite poet. (We remember him at Kennedy's inauguration.)

Question marksUsed to write questions,

inquiring and asking something.

Examples

How many kind of Orchid?“Why don’t you buy a new

one?”

Semi colonUsed to combine two

sentences into one sentence stem.

Examples  The festival is very

popular; people from all over the world visit each year.

Using a semicolon on the list who have used the comma.

SlashUsed to show orUsed to indicate fractionsUsed to indicate "a" in the

measurement of speed, price, etc.

Used in a separate date, month and year.

ExamplesDear Sir/Madam1/2 (one half), 2/3 (two thirds)The speed limit is 100 km/h.

(kilometres per hour)He was born on 30/11/2007

Underlines

Used to suppress or confirm word or phrase in an article.

Examples

    ..showed after the significance test that the true value was ...

(becomes ‘the true value’)

Capitalization