Ways to Identify an Unknown ? Field Guides Dichotomous Keys Composed of statements with 2 opposite parts or categories. Choose the statement that is true about an unknown organism.
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Ways to Identify an Unknown ?
Field Guides
Dichotomous Keys Composed of statements with 2 opposite parts or
categories. Choose the statement that is true about an
unknown organism.
Dichotomous Key
Look out for the special check mark to know which notes to write!
On a checked slide, write all notes, unless …
On a checked slide with lots of notes, just write underlined text!
ClassificationSystem that groups organisms based on common features that they share
AristotleFirst man to develop a system to classify
organisms
2 kingdoms
He subdivided each kingdomPlant- based
division on sizeHerbsShrubsTrees
Animals- based division on habitatAirLand Sea
Animals: Air Land Sea
??
Carolus Linnaeus Improved classification system
Based his grouping on physical features
Linnaeus =Universal name= Binomial Nomenclature
All organisms are given a universal name Used by all scientists Helpful when many common names are used
Name is composed of 2 names Genus name
Capitalized and comes first!
Species name lower case and comes second Both names are underlined Example: Tolypeutes matacus – Three Banded
Armadillo
Common names are misleading
Puma
Cougar
Mountain Lion
A seahorse is not a horse, but a fish.
Scientific name
Myotis macrotarsus“Mouse-eared bat with big feet”
CatGenus name= FelisSpecies name=
domesticus=house catsylvestris=wildcat
HumanGenus name=HomoSpecies=sapien
Kingdom: Animalia (mobile critters; have many cells; can’t make their own food)
Phylum: Chordata (flexible skeletal rod with accompanying nerves)
Class: Chondrichthyes (‘fish’ with a cartilaginous skeleton)
Order: Lamniformes (‘Mackerel’ sharks)
Family: Lamnidae (‘Mackerel’ sharks)
Genus: Carcharodon (from the Greek carcharos meaning “ragged” or “pointed” and odon meaning “tooth”)
Species: carcharias (Greek for “shark”)
Modern classification system
Uses Linnaeus system but adds:comparison of body chemistry and
development featuresDNA sequenceCytochrome CHemoglobinDevelopmental stages of embryos
Reclassified
Modern Classification SystemDomain= Eubacteria
Kingdom=Eubacteria Prokaryotic Bacteria
Domain=ArchaeaKingdom=Archaebacteria
Extreamophiles
Domain EukaryaContains 4 kingdoms
Kingdom=Protista Kingdom=Fungi Kingdom=Plant Kingdom=Animal
Classification Groups =Taxa
A Mnemonic Device:
Dear
King
Philip
Came
Over
For
Ginger
Snaps
Each division contains fewer organisms, but
shares more features in
common.
Classification TaxaDomain is the largest Taxa
Domain contains one or more kingdomsDomain
contain the most organisms
Each kingdom is then subdivided into:Phylum, Class, Order, Family,
Genus, SpeciesSpecies
contain the fewest organisms but with the most physical features in common
Classification
Which two animals are most closely related?
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