Ways of learning

Ways of learning Ways of learning

PlatoPlato AristotleAristotle SocratesSocrates ConfuciusConfucius

Socrates

Plato

Aristotle

The relationship of the three great philosophersThe relationship of the three great philosophers

teacher

student teacherteacher

studentstudent

He was a Greek philosopher and educational He was a Greek philosopher and educational reformer of the fifth century B.C.reformer of the fifth century B.C.He was born at Athens, 469 B.C. and died there, He was born at Athens, 469 B.C. and died there, 399 B.C. 399 B.C.

SocratesSocratesSocratesSocrates

The main introduction of The main introduction of PlatoPlato Plato’s work Plato’s work Plato’s notion to the Plato’s notion to the educationeducation The famous saying of PlatoThe famous saying of Plato

The main introduction of The main introduction of PlatoPlato Plato’s work Plato’s work Plato’s notion to the Plato’s notion to the educationeducation The famous saying of PlatoThe famous saying of Plato

The contentThe contentThe contentThe content

PPlato is probably one of the lato is probably one of the greatest philosophers of all times,greatest philosophers of all times, and as well as the greatest thinker and as well as the greatest thinker of the whole western civilization.of the whole western civilization.

PPlato is probably one of the lato is probably one of the greatest philosophers of all times,greatest philosophers of all times, and as well as the greatest thinker and as well as the greatest thinker of the whole western civilization.of the whole western civilization.

PlatoPlatoPlatoPlato(around 427 BC(around 427 BC －－ 347 BC347 BC ））(around 427 BC(around 427 BC －－ 347 BC347 BC ））

Portrait of PlatoPortrait of Plato

Plato Plato presided over his Academy in presided over his Academy in Athens, an institution devoted to Athens, an institution devoted to research and instruction in philosophy research and instruction in philosophy and the sciencesand the sciences . .

Plato’s AcademyPlato’s Academy

for setting up the for setting up the Academy Academy were connected with his earlier ventures were connected with his earlier ventures into politics. However, having given theminto politics. However, having given them the values that Plato believed in, Plato the values that Plato believed in, Plato thought that these men would be able tothought that these men would be able to improve the political leadership of the improve the political leadership of the cities of Greece. cities of Greece.

His reasonsHis reasonsHis reasonsHis reasons

In the Academy In the Academy In the Academy In the Academy Plato and his studentsPlato and his students

Plato was teaching in the AcademyPlato was teaching in the Academy

Quotations by Plato

Ignorance, the root and the stem of every evil. Ignorance, the root and the stem of every evil.

Friends have all things in common. Friends have all things in common.

AristotleAristotleAristotleAristotleThe greatest of The greatest of heathen Philosophers, heathen Philosophers, born at Stagira, a born at Stagira, a Grecian colony in the Grecian colony in the Thracian peninsula Thracian peninsula Chalcidice, 384 B.C.; Chalcidice, 384 B.C.; died at Chalcis, in died at Chalcis, in Euboea, 322 B.C. Euboea, 322 B.C.

Portrait of AristotlePortrait of Aristotle

His father, Nicomachus, was court physician His father, Nicomachus, was court physician to King Amyntas of Macedonia. Whatever to King Amyntas of Macedonia. Whatever early training Aristotle received was probably early training Aristotle received was probably influenced by this circumstance; when, influenced by this circumstance; when, therefore at the age of eighteen he went to therefore at the age of eighteen he went to Athens his mind was already determined in Athens his mind was already determined in the direction which it afterwards took, the the direction which it afterwards took, the investigation of natural phenomena. investigation of natural phenomena.

Portrait of AristotlePortrait of Aristotle

Stamps of AristotleStamps of Aristotle

The Life of ConfuciusThe Life of ConfuciusThe Life of ConfuciusThe Life of Confucius

Teaching Good StudentsTeaching Good StudentsTeaching Good StudentsTeaching Good Students

1 Confucius was born in the town of Zou, Changping country , in the state of Lu in the 21st year of the Zhou King (551BC), during China ’s Spring & Autumn period of the Zhou dynasty.

1

Confucius

2 When Confucius was only three years old , his father passed away.

3 When Confucius was a child, he played games in which he arranged ritual( 仪式 ) vessels( 器皿 )….

4 And imitated the ceremonial gestures of adults.

2 3 4

5 6 7

5 At fifteen, he set his mind on learning .

6 At nineteen, he married a woman from Song of the surname Bingguan( 亓官氏 ).

7 The following year, he had a son ,whom he named Kong Li( 孔鲤 ).

8 While studying the ceremonies in Zhou, Confucius paid a visit to Laozi to ask him about the ceremonies.

8老子孔

子

99

9 Confucius returned Lu from Zhou, and then he was refused by the Duck,so he went to Qi, however, he was also erupted.In the end ,Confucius had to go back to his hometown ----Lu.

Many years later… … … …

1010

10 Confucius no longer entertained visions of becoming a government official, instead utilizing( 使用 ) his position as scholar-laureate( 戴桂冠的人 ) to compile the Book of SongsBook of Songs and the Book of HistoryBook of History ,to edit the Book of CeremonyBook of Ceremony and the Book of MusicBook of Music , to comment on the Book ofBook of ChangesChanges ,and to write the Spring & Autumn Annals(Spring & Autumn Annals( 年鉴年鉴 ))…….

Songs & History Songs & History 　　　　　　　　诗书诗书

Ceremony & MusicCeremony & Music 　　　　　　　　礼乐礼乐

Book of Changes Book of Changes 　　　　　　　　周易周易　　

Spring & Autumn AnnalsSpring & Autumn Annals 　　春秋春秋

The new words The new words

11 He lectured and taught his disciples between the banks of theZhu and Si rivers… … …

12 Confucius passed away at the age of seventy-three…….12 Confucius passed away at the age of seventy-three…….

Teaching Good StudentsTeaching Good StudentsTeaching Good StudentsTeaching Good Students

EducationEducationEducationEducation

11 If a student does not feel troubled in his studies ,If a student does not feel troubled in his studies , I don’t enlighten(I don’t enlighten( 启迪启迪 ) him.) him.

11

3 If I point out one corner ,…3 If I point out one corner ,…

2 If a student does not feel frustrated in his studies , 2 If a student does not feel frustrated in his studies , I don’t explain to him.I don’t explain to him.

33 22

44

4 And he can’t point out the other three, 4 And he can’t point out the other three, I don’t continue instructing him.I don’t continue instructing him.

contrast West China

Ancient times

In ancient Greek, they talk freely in a warm atmosphere. It helps them to think widely and peculiarly. So it directly promotes the progress of science ,mathematics and philosophy.

As the famous saying goes, If there are three people walking along , there will certainly be one I can learn from.It directly affects the literature, and history ,and politics. It also encourages a man to become kind , ignorance, and knowledgeable.

At present Children in the west , don’t receive much help from others, instead , they find ways for themselves. For the sake of this ,they become more independence and creativity.

So when we are children, we are instructed to learning from the right behavior, and imitate from what the parents do. It helps us to quickly acquire the skill so that it may be easier to accomplish the tasks in the future.

Summary Summary

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