Water Shortage in the Philippines

8/10/2019 Water Shortage in the Philippines

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Watershortage/pollution in

the Philippines

I. FACTS ABOUT waterpollution in the Philippines.Primarily in agricultural

an in ustrial sectors.

II. !a"or #actors thatcontri$ute to seriouswater shortage.

III.%&orts to pre'ent watershortage /pollution.


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I. FACTS, ARTICLES, studies, etc ABOUT water pollutionin the Philippines.


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Gathered Facts about waterpollution/problems

Much of the surface water in urban areas is apublic health risk while rural surface waters arealso sources of disease. The World Bankestimates that exposure to water pollution andpoor sanitation account for one-sixth of reporteddisease cases, and nearl !,""" prematuredeaths per ear. The cost of treatment and lostincome from illness and death due to waterpollution is pe##ed at $%$!.& billion '()*+million per ear '$ M 0""! .


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ater pollution In A!ricultural sector

1 6n the a#riculture sector, application ofa#rochemicals 'i.e. fertili7ers, herbicides,pesticides .

1 $ractice of farmers of washin# their spra ers near,or in, irri#ation canals, which ma then become partof a#ricultural runoff. The also use this water

source for washin# of hands and feet, clothes, andto some extent, for takin# a bath.


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1 The lon#-term use of pesticides to controlpests and diseases, especiall in riceproduction, ma actuall contribute to the

contamination of soil and #roundwater withtheir residues.


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689()T564: W4)T 'news

2ontamination from industrial sources is also acommon source of diseases caused b toxicsubstances. This includes hea3 metal

contamination from minin# acti3ities, which leads toele3ated le3els of mercur causin# #in#i3itis, skindiscoloration, neurolo#ical disorders, and anemia.Water contamination from electronic manufacturin#,for example from chemicals such astrichloroeth lene such as recorded in an incidentin Las Pias City in 2007, lead to di77iness andheadaches as well as cancer .


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Industrial water and water pollution16ndustr is a hu#e source of water pollution, itproduces pollutants that are extremel harmful topeople and the en3ironment.

1Man industrial facilities use freshwater to carrawa waste from the plant and into ri3ers, lakes andoceans.


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Marine dumping

9umpin# of litter in the sea can cause hu#e problems.9ifferent items take different len#ths of time to de#rade inwater;

12ardboard < Takes 0 weeks to de#rade.18ewspaper < Takes ! weeks to de#rade.1$hotode#radable packa#in# < Takes ! weeksto de#rade.1Foam < Takes =" ears to de#rade.

1)t rofoam < Takes >" ears to de#rade.1 4luminium < Takes 0"" ears to de#rade.1$lastic packa#in# < Takes "" ears to de#rade.1Glass < 6t takes so lon# to de#rade that we don?t know

the exact time.


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Underground storage leakages)teel pipes that are directl exposed to theen3ironment, o3er time the steel corrodes andcauses leaka#es, affectin# surroundin# soil and#roundwater.


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II. REASO"S OF ATER

S#ORTA$E


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(. )isparities $etween watersupply an eman%espite the a&undant water resources in thePhilippines, distri&ution o' these resources(aries widel) in ti*e and place as a result o'

the di+erent !eo!raphic and cli*ate conditionspre(ailin! in di+erent parts o' the countr)Bar&a, P, - /0.

ater resources are une(enl) distri&utedthrou!hout the countr), o'ten resultin! in watershorta!es in hi!hl) populated areas, especiall)durin! the dr) season. Se(eral ri(er &asins

Pa*pan!a, A!no, Pasi!1La!una, and on the


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*. +ac, o# water

allocation #ormula4ost o' the pro&le*s encountered inthe water sector toda) arise 'ro* an

issue o' con5icts o' use and waterallocation. ith the increase o'population coupled with worsenin!

pollution o' water, lac6 o' in'rastructureand 'acilities result in allocation issuesand con5ictin! ri!hts o(er li*ited watersuppl). The principle in the ater Codeo' 78rst in ti*e priorit) in ri!ht7 *a) no


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-. Corporations also irectlycompete with the people #or thecontrol an use o# a'aila$le#reshwater resourcesFor instance, Ben!uet Corporation, a U.S.*inin! 8r* which is now (enturin! into thewater &usiness, holds :; water appropriationper*its issued &) the " RB. The per*its

co(er *a


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. Wea, water useregulation anen#orcement

The in(esti!ation andprocessin! o' water per*it

applications constitute thet)pe 'unctions 'or which" RB is not properl)e ui ed in ter*s o' either


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. Ine0cient water use

There is tre*endous waste o' water indistri&ution lines, irri!ation canals, and atho*es. Ine>cienc) in water usa!e wase2acer&ated &) the a&sence o' re!ulations,econo*ic incenti(es, and institutionalarran!e*ents needed to pro*ote waterconser(ation and rational use o' water.Apart 'ro* increasin! industrial and do*esticde*and, another contri&utin! 'actor to thewater shorta!e in 4etro 4anila is the hi!h le(el

o' water loss due to lea6in! pipes and ille!alconnections.


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1. )epletion o#groun water resources Indiscri*inate !roundwater a&stractionresultin! to salt1intrusion are noticea&le

in 4etro 4anila and Ca(ite Re!ion I?0,Iloilo Re!ion ?I0, and Ce&u Re!ion ?II0. The indiscri*inate use o' !roundwaterwells 'or residential and industrial areasdue to the 'ailure o' *a


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2. Fragmente

managementOne o' the *ost critical issues con'rontin! thePhilippine water sector is the lac6 o' anappropriate institutional 'ra*ewor6 to addressissues o' de(elop*ent and *ana!e*ent o'water and related resources. At present, thereare o(er / !o(ern*ent a!encies and

depart*ents separatel) dealin! with watersuppl), irri!ation, h)dropower, 5ood control,pollution, watershed *ana!e*ent, etc. It is this'ra!*ented approach to water *ana!e*ent

which causes an o(erlap o' wor6 and con5icts


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E+orts addressed


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1Republic Act No. 6716, the law that provides for the constructionof water wells, rainwater collectors, development of springs andrehabilitation of existing water wells in all of the countrys

barangays.

1The law, designed to save rainwater during the rainy season incatchments or sumps, was passed in 1989 and has never been

implemented, according to Oposa.

1The water shortage and rationing that we are again going throughhas been coming for a long time. e are being flooded during therainy season, yet we are undergoing severe water shortage. !nd all

because we forgot, or simply neglected to implement, a simple lawthat re"uires the construction of rainwater catchment#collectors inevery barangay,$.


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Desalinization technology-

1 This system is described as filtering salty water throughmembranes and removing the salt through electrodialysisand reverse osmosis.

1 %ations in %orth !frica and &iddle 'ast are currently producing six billion gallons of usable water a day(!rrandale, )**)+.

1 ecently, however, the desalini-ation process has become much more practical for metropolitan areas andreverse osmosis systems have made.


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Technological solutions

1/irst there is drip irrigation for irrigation.

10econd, treating of waste water so it could be drun

several times over is a way to conserve water.

1Then there is 2esalination, which isnt newtechnology but has actually been around for years. 3t

is the same technology used in 40 !ircraft carriers to provide water for the crew (because it could wor intandem with a nuclear reactor+.


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1One solution is to develop and mandate moreefficient household water usage.

13ntroduction of 6pollution prevention7and 6waste minimi-ation7 practices.

1Triple rinciple euse, ecycle, and

educe.


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Reported &) @ ethro

?illaruel LA -1A

Water Shortage in the Philippines

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