20 January 2010 1 SUDS presentation Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) Neil Armitage Associate Professor Dept. of Civil Engineering University of Cape Town SOUTH AFRICA 2 Urban Water Management Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) A multi-disciplined approach to urban water management that aims to unite the engineering concept of Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) with the planning concept of Urban Design with a view to creating what has been termed ‘Water Sensitive Cities’ where the most efficient and effective uses of water are central considerations. ‘WSUD integrates the social and physical sciences’ . (Wong & Ashley, 2006)
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20 January 2010
1
SUDS presentation
Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD)
Neil Armitage
Associate Professor Dept. of Civil Engineering University of Cape Town
SOUTH AFRICA
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Urban Water Management
Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD)
A multi-disciplined approach to urban water management that aims to unite the engineering
concept of Integrated Urban Water Management (IUWM) with the planning concept
of Urban Design with a view to creating what has been termed ‘Water Sensitive Cities’ where
the most efficient and effective uses of water are central considerations. ‘WSUD integrates
the social and physical sciences’ . (Wong & Ashley, 2006)
20 January 2010
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Water sensitivity
• Water is a finite and vulnerable resource • Access to water is a basic human right • Management of water should be based on a participatory
approach • Water to be recognised as an economic good • Water is essential to sustain the natural environment • ‘Waterscapes’ make cities more ‘liveable’ • An essential component of ‘Green Infrastructure’
WSUD brings ‘water sensitivity’ into urban design
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USE
Potable water supply and treatment plant
Hot water system
Shower and bathroom taps
Clothes washing
Toilet flushing
Garden irrigation
Built environment
Natural environment
Natural environment
Built environment
Human consumption - kitchen
Discharge
Sewage treatment plant (STP)
Water treatment plant
Current linear systems
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USE
Potable water supply and treatment plant
Discharge
Hot water system
Shower and bathroom taps
Clothes washing
Toilet flushing
Garden irrigation
Built environment Natural environment
Natural environment
Built environment
Human consumption - kitchen
Minimise
Minimise Protect & enhance environment
Re-use
Discharge
Stormwater
treatment
Train
All water is an opportunity - not a threat
Sewage treatment
plant (STP)
Future systems
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Added to this…
Linking water management with green infrastructure: 1. Climate change adaptation and mitigation 2. Water and flood management 3. Place and community 4. Health and well-being 5. Land and property value 6. Investment 7. Labour productivity 8. Tourism 9. Recreation and leisure 10. Biodiversity 11. Land management
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Urban Water Management in Singapore
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The four ‘taps’
In a bid to ensure water security, water supply in Singapore is now being diversified. Currently (2013):
1. Imported water from Malaysia (40%) 2. Water harvesting from the local catchments (35%) 3. Treated effluent (NEWater) (15%) 4. Desalinated water from the sea (10%)
The objective is to minimise/eliminate 1. – so as not to be reliant on Malaysia for this critical resource
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3-Feb-14 File name
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Local solutions with global impact
27 Sept 2013
Armitage et al.
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Local solutions with global impact
Armitage et al.
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File name
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3-Feb-14 File name
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File name
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3-Feb-14 File name
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3-Feb-14 File name
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Local solutions with global impact
• Please have one slide where you clearly articulate the global impact of your research in terms of internationally recognised research, or international collaborations formed, etc.
27 Sept 2013
Armitage et al.
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3-Feb-14 File name
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The SWITCH project
‘Sustainable Water management Improves Tomorrow’s Cities Health’ (SWITCH): • EU FP6, € 23M ≈ R1/3 Billion, 5 years • Innovation in the area of sustainable urban water
management • 33 partner institutions in 15 countries • 12 demonstration cities
Moving cities towards the IUWM paradigm using a model of stakeholder engagement that actively encourages active experimentation with new innovations and methodologies (i.e. the ‘Learning Alliance’ approach)
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SWITCH project examples
Belo Horizonte – LA generated high level of impact and visibility, WSUD concepts now clearly recognised in the city (Image courtesy of SWITCH © Alison Duffy)
Accra – improved links and communication between stakeholders in the water sector and provided a platform for strategic planning
Alexandria – well-functioning LA resulted in changes in decision-making towards integrated water management
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General summary
• We now face multiple major challenges -many previously unimagined
• It is possible to do more for less cost by integration and looking for multi-value
• New ideas and tools from around the world are providing the means to quantify the physical, social, environmental and economic benefits
• We need to find different ways of working together
But what about South Africa?
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South Africa’s impending water ‘crisis’
“…the availability of water of acceptable quality is predicted to be the single greatest
and most urgent development constraint facing South Africa” (Scholes, 2001)
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Urbanisation in South Africa
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Key challenges for South Africa
• Equity – ‘green’ projects vs. in-situ upgrade • Mitigation – reduce energy and carbon use • Uncertainty – flexible solutions • Adaptability – account for constraints and build capacity
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The good…
Century City Grand Parade
DEADP rooftop (Cape Town)
Hawaan Estate eThekwini Green Roof Pilot Project
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The bad…
http://rwrant.co.za/2010/03/21/aerial-view-of-cape-town-city-bowl/
Cape Town
http://www.allposters.com/-sp/Aerial-View-of-Johannesburg-City-Centre-Posters_i3027843_.htm
Johannesburg
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And the ugly…
Housing Water Supply Drainage
Sanitation Solid Waste
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It’s pretty obvious here
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What does it mean here?
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A transition framework for RSA
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Presentation of benefits of WSUD
Stakeholder Area of interest
Politicians Provision of basic services; job creation
City officials Costs / ease of maintenance
Private developers Increased profit / public image
Community groups Job creation; public health / safety
Environmental groups Protection of environment
Individuals Additional costs / benefits per household
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Grounding the WSUD concept in SA
• Tools – guidelines, manuals etc
• Transfer – capacity building
• Tactics – engaging stakeholders
• Trials – pilot implementations
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‘Agents for change’
1. Strategic planning i.r.o. design / regulatory framework / policy
2. Presence of a coordinating body 3. Reliable science and research 4. Evidence base (data gathering) – in
respect of ‘risk’ 5. Environmental expectations 6. Presence of WSUD champions 7. Strategic funding and incentives
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Acknowledgements
• The Water Research Commission (WRC) • The National Research Foundation (NRF) • Various Local Authorities – in particular the City of Cape
Town and eThekwini Municipality • Colleagues in the Urban Water Management (UWM)
research unit at UCT • Richard Ashley (Ecofutures, UK)
For more information, see www.wsud.co.za
Urban Water Management
Thank you
For more information: www.wsud.co.za
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