Water quality ,environmental concious manufacturing

Environmental Concise ManufacturingEnvironmental Concise Manufacturing

• Presented By Munatsi ChumaNUST BEng Hons Industrial & Manufacturing

Final Year Student (2015)

CAN I DRINK THE WATER ???

Quality indicators for drinking water

Alkalinity ( AT ) a measure of the capacity of water to

neutralize or “buffer” acids

Color of water

pH a measure of the acidity or basicity of an aqueous

solution.(1-14)

Taste and odor (Geosmin, 2-methylisoborneol (MIB),)

Microorganisms such as fecal coliform bacteria

(Escherichia coli), Cryptosporidium, and Giardia lamblia

Water quality is a measure of how suitable water is for a particular purpose.

Any physical, chemical, or biological component which affects water quality is considered to be a water quality variable or parameter.

Quality indicators for drinking water

Dissolved Metals and Salts (sodium,

chloride, potassium, calcium, manganese,

magnesium)

Dissolved Metalloids (lead, mercury,

arsenic, etc.)

Dissolved organics: colored dissolved

organic matter (CDOM), dissolved organic

carbon (DOC)

Radon a chemical element which is

radioactive, colorless, odorless, tasteless noble

gas,

Heavy metals

PharmaceuticalsTotal Dissolved Solids (TDS) are the total amount of mobile charged ions, including minerals, salts or metals dissolved in a given volume of water

Quality for environmental water

Environmental water quality, also called ambient water quality, relates to water bodies such as lakes, rivers, and oceans. Water quality standards vary significantly due to different environmental conditions, ecosystems, and intended human uses.Toxic substances and high populations of certain micro-organisms can present a health hazard for non-drinking purposes such as irrigation, swimming, fishing, rafting, boating, and industrial uses.

In testing water quality, water is usually sampled and sent to chemical laboratories which measure the concentrations of potential contaminants

Quality indicators of environmental water

Chemical assessmentSalinity is a measure of the content of salts in soil or water. Dissolved Oxygen (DO)Nitrate-NOrthophosphatesChemical oxygen demand (COD)sBiochemical oxygen demand (BOD)Pesticides In the United States, pesticides were found to pollute every stream and over 90% of wells sampled in a study by the US Geological Survey

Quality indicators of environmental water

Physical assessment

pH

Temperature

Total suspended solids (TSS) Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by large

numbers of individual particles that are generally invisible to the naked eye. In water bodies such as lakes, rivers and reservoirs, high turbidity levels reduce the amount of light reaching lower depths, which can inhibit growth of submerged aquatic plants and consequently affect species which are dependent on them, such as fish and shellfish.

Quality indicators of environmental water

Biological assessmentBiological monitoring metrics have been developed in many placesOne widely used measure is the presence and abundance of members of the insect orders Ephemeroptera, Plecoptera and Trichoptera. (Commonly known as, Mayfly, Stonefly and Caddisfly.) EPT indexes will naturally vary from region to region, but generally, within a region, the greater the number of taxa from these orders, the better the water quality.

Guidelines and Acts

• Zimbabwe Water Act 1998 (2003 Rev) : Chapter 20 : 24– Part 5:Water Quality control and Environmental protection

• ISO– Water quality is regulated by ISO is covered in the section of ICS 13.060

ranging from water sampling, drinking water, industrial class water, sewage water, and examination of water for chemical, physical or biological properties

– 13.060.01 Water Quality in General– 13.060.20 Drinking Water– 13.060.50/ 60 /70 covers water examination for chemical

substances/physical properties/biological properties.• WHO Guideline (Quality for Drinking Water ) explains the science and

risk assessment methods behind the Who chemical and microbiological standards.

• The different criteria have been developed by a number of governments and agencies worldwide to protect human health and the environment.

WHO WATERGUIDELINE (2011)

Thought of the Day

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THANK YOU !!!!