WATER IS LIFE

WATER IS LIFE

WATER IS BUSINESS

What is IWRM?

The basis of Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is that DIFFERENT USES OF WATER are INTERDEPENDENT. The GOAL is SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT AND DEVELOPMENT of water resources.

The need to conside

r the different uses

of water

together

Water has an economic value

in all its competing uses and should be

recognised as an ECONOMIC

GOOD.

Fresh water is a FINITE AND

VULNERABLE resource,

essential to sustain life,

development and the

environment.

Water development and

management should be based

on a PARTICIPATORY

APPROACH, involving users,

planners and policy makers at

all levels.

WOMEN play a central part in the provision, management

and safeguarding of

water.

The PRINCIPLES have formed the basis for much of the subsequent water sector reform where a holistic management approach is applied which the supply of

and the demand for water should be considered when creating management strategies in a IWRM planning process.

THE DUBLIN PRINCIPLES LED TO KEY CONCEPTS

IWRM And Its Relations to SectorsWhy We Need Integrated Approach

Integrated management means that all the different uses of water resources are CONSIDERED TOGETHER. Water allocations and management decisions consider the effects of each use on the others. They are able to take account of overall social and economic goals, including the achievement of sustainable development.

Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) is a process which promotes the coordinated development and management of water, land and related resources in order to maximize economic and social welfare in an equitable manner without compromising the sustainability of vital ecosystems and the environment.

IWRM helps to protect the world’s environment, foster economic growth and sustainable agricultural development, promote democratic participation in governance, and improve human health. Worldwide, water policy and management are beginning to reflect the fundamentally interconnected nature of hydrological resources, and IWRM is emerging as an accepted alternative to the sector-by-sector, top-down management style that has dominated in the past.

The basis of IWRM is that the many different uses of finite water resources are interdependent. High irrigation demands and polluted drainage flows from agriculture mean less freshwater for drinking or industrial use; contaminated municipal and industrial wastewater pollutes rivers and threatens ecosystems; if water has to be left in a river to protect fisheries and ecosystems, less can be diverted to grow crops. There are plenty more examples of the basic theme that unregulated use of scarce water resources is wasteful and inherently unsustainable.

Integrated Water Resources Management is a cross-sectoral policy approach, designed to replace the traditional, fragmented sectoral approach to water resources and management that has led to poor services and unsustainable resource use. IWRM is based on the understanding that water resources are an integral component of the ecosystem, a natural resource, and a social and economic good.

Issues that Must be Addressed In IWRM Approach

The Most ImportantIWRM application needs effective, transparent and committed governing institutions

Breaking Sectoral LinesRigid functional divisions within governments as well as international development agencies work against the types of cross-cutting, holistic approaches to development planning and resource management that IWRM requires. Building capacity for integrated programming, when ministries are organized along sectoral lines and poverty reduction and environmental protection/management plans are drawn up separately, continues to be difficult.

Focus on Three Pillars of IWRM An IRWM approach focuses on three basic pillars and explicitly aims at avoiding a fragmented approach of water resources management by considering the following aspects:•an enabling environment of suitable policies, strategies and legislation for sustainable water resources development and management,•putting in place the institutional framework through which to put into practice the policies, strategies and legislation, and•setting up the management instruments required by these institutions to do their job.

Development of IWRM Planning Approach The IWRM Planning Process

There is not one correct administrative model. The art of IWRM lies in selecting, adjusting and applying the right mix of these tools for a given situation. Agreeing on milestones and time-frames for completing the strategy is critical for success. Implementation may take place on a step-by-step basis, in terms of geographical scope and the sequence and timing of reforms. Scope, timing, and content of measures can be adjusted according to experience. This offers room for change, improvement and process adjustment, provided that the proper bases for sound decision making have been established. In developing a strategy and framework for change, it is important to recognize that the process of change is unlikely to be rapid.

START

STOP

Key IWRM functions

Stakeholder participation

Water Allocation

Pollution Control

Information Management

Financial Management

Flood & Drought Management

Basin Planning Monitoring

INTEGRATED WATER

RESOURCES MANAGEMENT

Strategic Planning Framework

SupportingKey Areas(Foundation)

Main KeyAreas(Pillars)

VISION[example: Clean, healthy and productive rivers in the Citarum Basin]

Institutions

Water Resource Develop-

ment

Water Sharing

Environ-mental

Protection

Disaster Manage-

ment

Community Awareness and

ParticipationCapacity Building Data and

Information

Key Areas Example Water Resources Management Office Datong China

Waterresource

policydevelop-

ment

Integratedwater

resourceplanning

Assess-ment ofwater

resources

Allocation,licensing

andmonitoringof water

extraction

Levyingand

manage-ment of

water fees

To achieveimproved management of

water resources leading to a clean andhealthy environment for Datong and its people

Water ResourcesMonitoring

StakeholderConsultation and

Participation

Capacity Building andManagement

Processes

MISSION

KEY AREAS OFACTIVITY

SUPPORTINGKEY AREAS

The process: Implementing IWRM

IWRM is, above all, a PHILOSOPHY.

THE CHALLENGE TO CONVENTIONAL PRACTISESThe case for IWRM is strong. The problem for most countries is their long history of sectoral development.

As the Global Water Partnership puts it: “IWRM is a challenge to conventional practices, attitudes and professional certainties. It confronts entrenched sectoral interests and requires that the water resource is managed holistically for the benefits of all.”

The IWRM Implementation Process

15

EconomicEfficiency Equity Environmental

Sustainability

Management InstrumentsØ Assessment

Ø InformationØ Allocation

Instruments

EnablingEnvironmentØ Policies

Ø Legislation

InstitutionalFrameworkØ Central -

LocalØ River BasinØ Public -

Private

Balance “ water for livelihood ” and “water as aresource and business”

”

MORE INTEGRATION IS INEVITABLE(WATER IS EVERYONE BUSINESS AND A DROP OF WATER IS LIFE)

The IWRM approach promotes more coordinated development and management of land and water, surface water and groundwater, the river basin and its adjacent coastal and marine environment, and upstream and downstream interests.It is also about reforming human systems to enable people to obtain sustainable and equitable benefits from those resources. For policy-making and planning, taking an IRWM approach requires that:1.water development and management takes into account the

various uses of water and the range of people's water needs2.stakeholders are given a voice in water planning and management,

with particular attention to securing the involvement of women and the poor;

3.policies and priorities consider water resources implications, including the two-way relationship between macroeconomic policies and water development, management, and use;

4.water-related decisions made at local and basin levels are along the lines of, or at least do not conflict with, the achievement of broader national objectives; and

5.water planning and strategies are incorporated into broader social, economic, and environmental goals.

ILLU

STR

ATIE

S

www.iwmi.orgWater for a food-secure world

CONJUNCTIVE FLOOD AND DROUGHT MANAGEMENTCurrent Situation – Dry Season

www.iwmi.orgWater for a food-secure world

CONJUNCTIVE FLOOD AND DROUGHT MANAGEMENTCurrent Situation – Wet Season

www.iwmi.orgWater for a food-secure world

CONJUNCTIVE FLOOD AND DROUGHT MANAGEMENTUnderground Taming of Floods for Irrigation (UTF-I);

Wet season

www.iwmi.orgWater for a food-secure world

CONJUNCTIVE FLOOD AND DROUGHT MANAGEMENTUnderground Taming of Floods for Irrigation (UTF-I);

Dry season

www.iwmi.orgWater for a food-secure world

CONJUNCTIVE FLOOD AND DROUGHT MANAGEMENTUTF-I in plan view

KEKERINGAN TAHUN 2003

Waduk Cipancuh untuk mengairiDaerah Irigasi Selatan Jatiluhur

Waduk Jatiluhur mencapai elevasi terendah4 September 2003 (+ 77.04 m dpl)

Daerah Irigasi Waduk Cipancuh

CIPUNEGARA, HILIR JEMBATAN PAMANUKAN

TANGGUL JEBOL DAN BANJIR

CARELESSNESS WILL CREATE DISASTER

FLOOD COULD BE A DISASTER