Water For All, through Sustainability in Action, Intel Funding with SCOPE Trichy

Intel Confidential

Simple water purification‘Water for all’

Jan-Feb 2013

‘Clean, safe drinking water is the foundation of life. Yet today, all around the world, far too many people spend their entire

day searching for it, or die from inability to access it’

Scope Trichy

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How it began – the plan

Initial collaborations and feasibility assessments

Final work

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Case for project: The need for Clean Water

A global problem

• 4,500 children die each day world-wide due to the lack of clean, safe drinking water. 1 out of every 5 deaths under the age of 5worldwide is due to a water-related disease.

• 884 million people lack access to safe water supplies; approximately 1 in 8 people.• The water and sanitation crisis claims more lives through disease than any war claims through guns• Every 20 seconds, a child dies from a water-related disease. Diarrhea, not AIDS, malaria or measles, is the leading cause of death

among children under the age of 5 in Samburu, Kenya• Nearly 80% of illness in developing countries is linked to poor water and sanitation conditions.• Investment in safe drinking water and sanitation contributes to economic growth. The estimated return is between $3-34 for each $1

invested.• Clean drinking water is the first need in disaster affected regions of the developed world post hurricane, tornadoes, earthquake to

prevent secondary deaths from water borne diseases

The local issues

• General bacterial content in water cause numerous health issues in the districts in question and remains a major issue for most of ruralIndia in general

• Urban slums face the same issue, often due to shortage of deep wells• Indian Govt provides free water testing center, but for 3 districts Srikakulam, Vishakapatnam and Vijayanagaram the water testing is

available only in Vizag city – 3-4 h away from the region in question• Lack of awareness: people are not aware about the advantages of boiled water even at the time of illnesses -- many families do not boil

water even for a sick child

Statistics courtesy: The water project, The Samburu project

Most water purification and clean water projects globally focus on digging deep wells and tube wells.Need for a solution that is portable, accessible anywhere and not resource intensive remains unaddressed.

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Project ProposalThe solution we propose

• Killing of bacteria can be achieved effectively by water pasteurization (heating water to above 65 degreescentigrade – often no need to boil)

• Solar energy is readily available (especially in most developing countries due to geographical location nearingequator or tropics) and free to all

• Plastic and glass bottles are readily available waste material (from drinking water bottles, soft drinks etc) creatingenvironmental hazard and waste disposal issues

• In India (and many other developing countries) recycling stands for re-using (not done through city/townendeavors, local people collect and re-sale bottles, metal scraps and newspapers for livelihood)

Need innovation to convert trash to much needed treasure

• solar water distillation (using ultraviolet rays of the sun to penetrate water in transparent water bottles)

Can be implemented by anyone anywhere Is zero cost Raw materials (plastic/ glass bottles) available

in slums in urban areas, rural villages, disasterzones debris (e.g. earthquake, tsunami, flood,hurricanes), refugee camps and other suchpossible high need areas

Easy proliferation to anywhere: variationprototypes can be created with minimaltraining

Removes unwanted waste and adds value tocommon waste commodities

Magnifier made of household broken glass items

Bottle or other container(broken or whole)

Schematic only, actual Rev0 device pic not included

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Impact and proliferation

Local community

• Villages in question in the districts of Southern India

• Other rural areas through collaboration with local NGOs (AID India has presence and ongoing activities in

several regions)

• Urban slums in India (training and distribution through appropriate channels)

World

• Develop collaboration with activists and organizations working in high need areas on clean water project

especially in sub-Saharan Africa to proliferate

• Share learning and knowledge with global organizations (e.g. Red Cross, WHO)

• Proliferate to refugee camps in conflict affected areas zones

• Proliferate to disaster zones – e.g. Tornado, Hurricane, Flood affected regions in US

Intel

• High visibility for Intel on successful implementation and proliferation for intent, effort and impacttowards one of most important problems faced by the world today

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Project Highlights: • Project Title: Water for all

• Project Overview: Clean drinking water remains the most basic, yet unattainable commodity to majority ofthe developing (and sometimes the developed) world. The project goal is to innovate, test, implement andproliferate a zero cost, effective water purification device based on the concept developed by grassrootsworkers in Srikakulam village in Andhra Pradesh India.

• Project steps and goals/success criteria for 2012

a) Establish collaboration and exchange of information between Srikakulam village and ASU through IntelChandler and AID Tempe

b) Collect data through testing samples over multiple villages on pathogens and contaminants

c) Discuss effectiveness of models based on Srikakulam concept with mentor(s) from ASU School ofSustainability.

d) Improve prototypes based on ASU mentorship, Innovate based on data collected on ground using ASUmentorship expertise (Note: mentorship model can also be possibly supplemented withtesting/experimentation if needed in ASU research facilities: Discussion ongoing with ASU)

e) Create hardened prototypes in villages for testing in ground

f) Repeat (re-iterations until prefect).

g) Provide training to locals

h) Patent and proliferate to other local and global NGOs working on water purification (e.g. Africa and disasterjones in US with imminent need)

• Project Budget: The overall budget of this project is estimated at $8320 ( break-up in next slide). Asking SIAfor $6320 (excluding ASU facility charges. Discussion ongoing to secure ASU school of sustainability grantfunding for ASU on campus test and research).

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Project partners and roles Intel Chandler (Applicant) Tanushree Ghosh

• Initiates and facilitates discussion between all the partners involved (listed here)

• Reviews and approves action plan, approves budget for line items as per SIA funding and directive

• Involves in generating visibility for project and Intel

• Initiates patenting, IP control if applicable

• Brings in proliferation opportunities by researching and initiating collaborations with other local (US) and global NGOs

Dr. Ravi Kuchimanchi (AID Chennai, India volunteer working in Srikakulam)

• Serves as the project co-ordinator India

• Appoints other head counts needed in India

• Oversees day to day project activities

- Collection an testing of water samples

- Building purification devices and testing of water post purification

- Mobilizing and training villagers

• Sends update reports to AID Tempe

• Maintains regular collaboration with ASU for mentorship

ASU Department of Sustainability Studies

• Provides mentorship and knowhow

• Facilitates use of research facilities if needed for testing

AID Tempe (The Arizona chapter of AID based in ASU, Tempe)AID Tempe volunteers assigned for assisting with this project as the project contact point with India team atSrikakulam (Nagendran Ranjan) and ASU (Prasun Mahanti)• Tracks project progress through regular reports from Srikakulam• Provides additional support to sustain facilitation of interaction between ASU group and Srikakulam village based

workers• Facilitates exchange of samples/ prototypes as needed between ASU and Srikakulam workers

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Initial case studies and feasibility assessments with ASU, final team selection

• Prof Mark Henderson (ASU, Global resolve) and Prof Kiril Hristovski bought in as key mentors and consultants

• Assessment meetings based on Prof Kiril’s research and ground water sample collections held to understand merits and de-merits of UV purification devices and applicability to case in India

• Project partner on ground changed to Scope Trichy – on ground volunteers identified (Scope Trichy ), work proposed to be used for course taught by Mark Henderson at ASU

Graduate Researcher Md Azizur Rahman: scholar on ground

‘GlobalResolve was established at ASU in 2006 as a socialentrepreneurship program designed to enhance the educationalexperience for interested and qualified ASU students byinvolving them in semester-long projects that directly improvethe lives of underprivileged people, and/or those in under-developed nations throughout the world.Through GlobalResolve, ASU students and faculty collaboratewith international universities, residents of rural villages, localgovernments, financial institutions, and non-governmentalorganizations (NGOs) to develop and disseminate no-tech, low-tech, and high-tech solutions that address pressing public healthor environmental needs of a developing-world population.Because solutions developed by GlobalResolve are designed tobe replicable locally, regionally, and internationally, thesolutions also create the potential for profitable new businessventures that generate sustainable income ‘streams forimpacted populations.’

‘Dr. Mark Henderson is Professor of Engineering, Co-director of a program for trans-disciplinary productdevelopment and entrepreneurship calledInnovationSpace, and Associate Director of the AdvancedTechnology Innovation Collaboratory, a productdevelopment center at Arizona State University (ASU). Dr.Henderson has been instrumental in launching severalglobal programs including the Nomadic Design Academy,the Global Product Development Teams, andGlobalResolve.’

Mark HendersonProfessorCTI Department Of Engineering

Kiril HristovskiAssistant Professor, CTI Department of Engineering, College of Technology and Innovation

Rimjhim AggarwalAssistant Professor, School of Sustainability

Vijay Chariar,Professor IIT Delhi,Visiting FullbrightProfessor, CTI ASU

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Water purification techniques - feasibility assessment

UV purification – Originally pursued as the leading option, following challenges identified based on previous research and ground condition

UV can’t remove inorganic contaminants

Organic parasites removed by UV (no boiling, long time at 65oC) can also be removed by straining (filtration with cloth) as they are bigger in size

Absorption and intensity loss in glass bottles is a challenge for UV

Some pathogens can become active at surface water when exposed to warm temperatures to long duration

Bio filtration - extensive work has been done by our collaborator Prof Kiril Hristovski(ASU Applied Math and Sciences) in developing portable easy to make bio-filtration systems

• Can remove organic and inorganic contaminants

• Made with sand, buckets and bio-char

• To be made on ground with villagers and tested – before and after water samples (Knowledge transfer from ASU to district villages in India)

• Step 1: Assess availability of raw materials in rural India

• Step 2: Identify samples to purify and test

• Method more viable for open well and muddy water sources – volunteer on ground will identify villages in district with problem with muddy water especially during monsoon

• Step 3: Building water testing infrastructure – See section below

• Step 4: Start building prototypes (August 2012)

Solar distillation – Perspiration process

• Solar still remains most accessible and cost effective method for purification

• Solar distillation can go beyond UV purification (distillation vs. heating) – removes inorganic contaminants too

• Prof Kiril Hristovski and Prof Mark Henderson can research and brainstorm on possible prototype to try and make in rural India with available raw materials to try solar distillation

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Water testing – concerns and considerations

• Hydrogen sulfide water testing strips originally identified in budget fortesting

• Low cost -$10, portable, readily available in cities and through Govtprograms, 30 kits – for 30 villages for sample collection

• Not recommended by ASU based on previous research due to inaccuracies(other sources for Hydrogen Sulfide can confound results, can detect onlyE.Coli

• Portable water purification labs are now being considered for testing(higher accuracy, can detect multiple contaminants, re-usable, operatedwith battery – can be used in villages)

• Challenge is cost ($1000-$2000), Not portable – has to be placed in mainoperating center and samples collected from different region has to bebrought to be tested, might not be available in cities near rural India

• Coordinator on ground looked into portable lab systems recommended byASU groups and assessing feasibility

• Budget might need to be revised and re-allocated to address if waterpurification lab purchase is identified to be vital (based on ground testingusing strips)

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Phase 2 (Final work) : Week by week progress – On ground and at ASU

Week 1 (Day 1- Day 7) 20 - 26 Sep

• 1. ASU Student Team prepares Survey Questionnaire (Day 1)

• 2. Azizur Rahman / SCOPE Trichy administers Survey Questionnaire andgenerates Responses (latest Day 7)

Week 2 (Day 8 - Day 14) 27 Sep - 3 Oct

• 3. ASU team identifies Preliminary set of intervention options (latest Day10)

• 3. Azizur Rahman travels to Trichy and does does Pre-intervention WaterQuality study and emails ASU Team (latest by Day 14)

Week 3 (Day 15 - Day 21) 4 Oct - 10 Oct

• 4. ASU team suggests (a) (b) (c) options for the Water QualityIntervention (on or before Day 21)

Week 4 (Day 22 - Day 28) 11 Oct - 17 Oct

• 5. Azizur Rahman makes Water Quality intervention in Trichy (on orbefore Day 28)

Week 5 (Day 29 - Day 35) 18 Oct - 24 Oct

• 6. Azizur Rahman makes Post-intervention water quality studies (on orbefore Day 35)

Week 6 (Day 36 - Day 42) 25 Oct - 31 Oct

• 7. Video Documentation of Community Response to Improving DrinkingWater Quality (on or before Day 42)

Week 7 (Day 43 - Day 49) 1 Nov - 7 Nov

• 8. ASU Student Team commences writing draft project report (Day 49)

Week 8 (Day 50 - Day 56) 8 Nov - 14 Nov

• Learning from Community experience, Any tests / trials at ASU / IIT Delhifor fine tuning

Week 9 (Day 57 - Day 63) 15 Nov - 21 Nov

• Finalization of Project Report

Highlights

Community Surveys of Water Quality used by 50 rural

households in Musiri, Trichy, India

Assessment. Ranking & Validation of three Cost-

effective Water Purification Technologies for rural

communities : Trials at Musiri, Trichy, India

Re-Assessment of Cost-Effective Water Purification

Technologies & Fine Tuning

Video of Community use of Water and Sanitation

Facilities

Report of Intervention using efficacious and accessible

technology intervention for water purification

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The Final prototype

• Based on combination of 3 water purification techniques ceramic filter technology

activated charcoal process (chloride absorbent)

slow sand filter process (effective against biological contaminants)

• Portable labs used for water testing

• Based on testing on multiple water samples from the region: e.g. borewell, river (Kaveri) – can purify diverse range of samples, applicableagainst organic and inorganic impurities

• Cost effective, made from readily available, often considered ‘waste’materials – no in-sourcing of materials needed from outside: activated charcoal made from coconut shells

ceramic filter made by earthen pots made with clay infused with rice husk (1:3) ratio

Slow sand: bucket filled with sand

• Can be made in absence of power (vital for remote rural regions)

https://dl.dropbox.com/u/100634003/SCOPE%20Trichy%20Water%20Project%202012%20Video%20Part%201%20of%202.wmv

https://dl.dropbox.com/u/100634003/SCOPE%20Trichy%20Water%20Project%202012%20Video%20Part%202%20of%202.wmv

Links to video

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Step by step guide to making one

• This one can purify and store half a bucket at a time

• Can be customized based on household size and consumption

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Back-up

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Water quality and purification budget line items Amount Break up/CommentWater testing kits for testing water in different regions (understanding contaminants and pathogens, variation) $300 $30 per kit. 10 Kits Overhead for 4 field workers to collect water samples from villagers, distribute purification kits, provide training $1,920

$40 per month, per volunteer. For 12 months

Overhead for project co-ordinator (India, AID Chennai) to formulate reports, co-ordinate ground activity and interact with ASU $3,000 $250 per month, for 12 monthsTravel budget for local travel (Fuel and maintenance for 4 bikes ) $400

ASU School of sustainability mentorship Zero cost

ASU facility use and overhead charges $2,000

TBD, Discussion ongoing to secure alternative ASU funding for this line item (see below) Not included in total

Infrastructure on ground (new or donated computer equipment, rent for room and internet charge for one year) $700 Total $6320

“The Walton Family Foundation is providing $27.5 million to Arizona State University’s Global Institute ofSustainability (GIOS) to develop and deploy promising solutions to sustainability challenges includingenergy, water, environment, climate, urbanization, social transformation and decision-making in local,national and global contexts and to educate future leaders in sustainability.”

http://schoolofsustainability.asu.edu/news/gios-news/asu-to-use-27-5m-walton-investment-to-accelerate-sustainability-efforts/

Possible funding option for ASU facility use and overhead charges – TBD , in discussion

Initial Budget Break-up proposed

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http://water.epa.gov/drink/contaminants/index.cfm

http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/ChemTech/Volume/2009/03/solar_power_kills_bacteria.asp

Solar power decontamination techniques: published results:

Water contaminants and treatment research CDC and EPA:

http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/water-treatment.htm

Thermal/Solar Water purification: some data (snapshot purpose only, please visit link for details)

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About ASU School of Sustainability

Arizona State University’s School of Sustainability focuses on finding real-world solutions toenvironmental, economic, and social challenges.

The School of Sustainability takes a transdisciplinary approach in its curriculum, addressing abroad spectrum of global challenges, including: energy, materials, and technology; water qualityand scarcity; international development; ecosystems; social transformations; food and foodsystems; and policy and governance.

The ASU School of Sustainability has a large number of scientists and professors who areworking in the field of potable water resource management .[ Ref: http://schoolofsustainability.asu.edu/people/scientists-and-scholars.php]

Point of contact for project mentorship and ongoing discussion: Rimjhim Aggarwal

•Senior Sustainability Scientist, Global Institute of Sustainability•Teaching Faculty, School of Sustainability•Assistant Professor, School of Sustainability

[email protected](480) 965-6680Expertiseresource economics; water conflicts; poverty; water resourcemanagement; agriculture; bioeconomics; climate change impacts;decisionmaking; economic adaptation and climate change;econometrics; economic development; economics of ecosystemservices; ecosystem services; environmental policy; urbandevelopment; utilities regulation

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Principal Investigator : Dr.Ravi Kuchimanchi

Dr.Ravi Kuchimanchi is the founder and life fellow ofAssociation for India’s Development (A.I.D). Afterobtaining a PhD in Particle Physics form the University ofMaryland – College Park, he returned to India to work inthe social sector. As one of the pioneering socialentrepreneurs in India, he has created several successfulsocial ventures in the areas of – water, accessible power,social justice and education. Many of these including apedal power generator, a haybox cooker and a solarwater purifier have received wide spread recognition. Hislife story has also inspired the bollywood movie ‘Swades’.

Ravi has a B.Tech in Civil Engineering from IndianInstitute of Technology, Mumbai and a PhD in Physicsfrom University of Maryland. He has published severalpapers in international physics journals including PhysicalReview Letters. His interests and work in physics includethe Strong CP Problem, Neutrino masses, Familytriplication, Supersymmetry, Parity-symmetric theoriesas well as the intriguing nature of Quantum Mechanics.In 1989 while a graduate student, along with a friend, heobtained a US patent for a toy-puzzle that was featuredby NY Times and several Television channels in USA.

• Times of India – Social Impact Award –Global Contributions to India – 2011 –awarded by Prime Minister Dr.Manmohan Singh.

• Guest speak at Intel AZ sponsored by Intel India employee group, 2009 on Social Enterprises – challenges and opportunity.

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SCOPE TRICHY‘Society for Community Organization and People’s Education (SCOPE) is a voluntary agency established and registered under the PUBLIC TRUST ACT on the 7th day of February 1986. SCOPE has also registered itself with the Home Ministry of India as per the requirements of the Foreign Contribution Regulation Act (FCRA) 1976 under the No. 076040096.’

OBJECTIVE/PURPOSE OF FORMATION

a) To undertake educational work on prohibition, atrocities against women. National integration and eradication of caste system.b) To assist small and marginal farmers to adopt soil conservation and water management activities with special emphasis on wasteland development and to encourage them to learn and practice appropriate technology in the field of agriculture and animal husbandry.c) To form people’s organization in all the operating villages to critically analyze their situation and mobilize their resources for their collective action for social change.d) To educate people in preventive health aspects and to start mini-health centers to provide medical facilities to the villagers.e) To propagate the principles of co-operative system and to encourage to start as many Cooprative Societies for overall economic development of rural poor with special emphasis on village artisans.

http://www.scopetrichy.com/