Waste Resources Recycling in Korea Session 3... · The Waste Charge System is a policy that holds manufacturers and importers responsible for the waste disposal cost of products,

Waste Resources Recycling in Korea

Korea Environmental Industry & Technology Institute

Soung-An KWON

2019.6.18

WB Workshop

Contents 1. Waste Generation Status 2. Waste Related System 3. Market/ Technology Status 4. Status of Technology Development 5. Conclusion

KEITI

Waste Volume Generation Forecast

■ MSW (Municipal Solid Waste) Generation Status in Korea

Unit : ton/day

Industrial Treatment

(2015, t/d)

Lanfill

(30,081)Incineration

(12,917)Recycle

(322,472)

MSW Treatment

(2015, t/d)

Lanfill

(7,719)Incineration

(13,176)Recycle

(30,352)

Year 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015

MSW 48,934 48,990 48,728 49,915 51,247

Industrial 334,399 345,520 344,398 351,748 366,975

(생활쓰레기 발생 현황)

1. Separate Discharge System (생활쓰레기 분리배출제도)

2. Waste Charge System (폐기물 부담금제도)

3. Voluntary Agreement of Plastic Waste Collection-Recycling (자발적 협약제도)

4. Separate Discharge Mark System (분리배출 표시제도)

5. EPR : Extended Producer Responsibility

(생산자책임 재활용제도)

6. Beverage Container Deposit System (빈용기 보증금제도 )

System

1. MSW Separate Discharge System (1995.1.1~ ) (생활쓰레기 분리배출제도)

1. MSW Separate Discharge System (1995.1.1~ ) (생활쓰레기 분리배출제도)

■ Ban on Single-use Plastic Bag (2019.1.1~) (1회용 비닐봉투 사용금지)

Shopping Basket

Regular Bag

Paper Bag

Replacement

From 1 Januart 2019

Law Revision

2. Waste Charge System (폐기물 부담금제도)

유해물질을 함유하고 있거나, 재활용이 어렵고 폐기물 관리상 문제를 일으킬 수 있는 제품/재료/용기의 제조업자 또는 수입업자에게 그 폐기물 처리에 드는 비용을 부담하도록 하는 제도

The Waste Charge System is a policy that holds manufacturers and importers responsible for the waste disposal cost of products, materials and containers that contain harmful or toxic substances or are difficult to be recycled in order to reduce waste from the production stage and to save resources

3. Voluntary Agreement of Plastic Waste Collection-Recycling (자발적 협약제도)

폐기물부담금 대상이 되는 플라스틱 제품의 제조.수입업자(협약의무이행생산자) 및 협약의 의무이행단체가 환경부장관과 ‘플라스틱 폐기물 회수.재활용 자발적 협약’을 체결하고 이를 이행할 경우 폐기물부담금을 면제하는 제도

Voluntary Agreement of Plastic Waste Collection-Recycling is the system that the manufacturer-importer of plastic products targeted by Waste Charge and associations of voluntary agreement can get exempt from Waste Charge. This may be successfully carried out under an agreement made with the minister of Environment when the participant meets their obligations

4. Separate Discharge Mark System (분리배출표시제도)

생산자 책임재활용제도의 시행에 따라 재활용의무대상 포장재의 분리배출을 쉽게 하고 재활용 가능한 폐기물의 분리수거율 높여 생산자들의 재활용 의무를 원활하게 수행할 수 있도록 하는 제도

종류 : 종이팩, 금속 캔, 유리병, 합성수지 재질 포장재 근거 : 자원의 절약과 재활용 촉진에 관한 법률 제14조

- This System is initiated for promotion of collection and recycling of packages under EPR - EPR items except products(lubricants, tires, etc) should apply the identification mark which is specially designed to indicate items’ recyclability. - The program is running in accordance with the Act on the Promotion of Saving and Recycling of Resources.

■ Designated maker for item

Separate Discharge Mark System

1. Designated Maker for Item

Designated Maker

PET

Plastic

Can

Paper Pack

Glass

Paper

Vinyl

5. EPR : Extended Producer Responsibility (생산자 책임재활용제도)

Extended Producer Responsibility(EPR) mandates producers and importers of products that fall under EPR requirement or producers and importers of products with packaging materials that fall under EPR requirements to recycle a certain amount of wastes from products or packaging materials. Ones who fail to follow this obligation are subject to recycling charges

Item for Mandatory Recycling - 4 packaging materials : paper packs, metal cans, glass bottles and packaging materials made synthetic resin - 7 products : lubricants, batteries, tire, fluorescent lamps, buoys for faming marine products, sheet film for baled silage and racks of synthetic resin mats

제품 생산자나 포장재를 이용한 제품의 생산자에게 그 제품이나 포장재의 폐기물에 대하여 일정량의 재활용의무를 부여하여 재활용하게 하고, 이를 이행하지 않을 경우 재활용에 소용되는 비용 이상의 재활용 미 이행 부과금을 생산자에게 부과하는 제도

3. EPR PROCESS (Extended Producer Responsibility Process)

수거업체 소비자

Beverage Container Flow

Finance Data Flow

EPR Subsidy Flow

재활용업체

Beverage Company

공제조합 도매점

소매점

포장재업체

선별업체

Mutual Aid Association

Retail Store

Warehouse

Consumer

Recycling Company

Packing Company

Screen Company

Collection Company

음료제조업체

6. Beverage Container Deposit System (빈용기 보증금제도)

사용된 용기의 회수 및 재사용 촉진을 위하여 출고가격과는 별도의 금액(빈용기 보증금)을 제품의 가격에 포함시켜 판매한 뒤 용기를 반환하는 자에게 빈용기 보증금을 돌려주는 제도

- This system promotes collection and reuse of the spent containers by establishing refundable deposits on recyclable containers, which customers can redeem when they return them.

- It also regulates that operational fees be granted to distributors or retailers for their job to circulate the used containers.

- Producers who failed to refund 80% of the deposits to their customer, recycling dues will be levied on the unfulfilled amount with the surcharges up to 30%

6. Beverage Container Deposit System (빈용기 보증금제도)

포장재업체

선별업체 수집운반

재활용업체

음료제조업체

운영기관

도매점

소매점

소재판매

소비자

회수

회수용기 실적 데이

터

보증금 지급

보증금환급

재활용 실적 (Material revenue)

구매비용 (보증금 포함)

가입비 보증금 + 취

급수수료

보증금 + 운영비 +가입비

구매비용 (보증금 포함)

자동회수

Beverage Container Flow

Finance Data Flow

Subsidy Flow

Warehouse

Beverage Company

Retail Store

Consumer

Operator

Collection Company

Collection Company

Recycling Company

Packing Company

Necessity of Technology Development

■ Recycle Technology Classification

Recycling Market & Technology

243 1,156 7,628 66,623

656,100

870,800

1,052,700

1,334,400

2007 2012 2020 2030

국내 해외

Recycling Technology

Chemical (12)

Thermal (6)

Other (3)

<Unit : %>

Recycling Market, 2007 ~ 2030

100

<Unit : Million Dollars>

<출처 : The Magazine Plastics Korea>

<Domestic Growth Rate : 24.2%>

<Global Growth Rate : 2.4%>

Sheet ㆍFilm (22)

Band (6)

FRP (14)

ㆍ More than 56.0% Fiber Products ㆍ PET takes the most amount

<Unit : %>

Waste Plastic Type PET Recycling Products

100

<Source : Korean Social Trends 2018>

<Source : The Magazine Plastics Korea>

Recycling by Material

1. Separate Selection

Mixing Waste Envelope Recycling(L) & Vinyl Recycling(R)

■ Plastic Recycle(Color)

Green

Gray

Mix

Status of Technology Development

■ Material Recovery (Civil Engineering) / Low Quality PVC & Film Recycle Research

■ Material Recovery (Architectural Engineering) / Low Quality PVC & Plastic Film Recycle Research

■ Plastic Separate Selection Recycle Research

■ Material Recovery (Fiber) / Application of PET Recycling Research(Fashions)

■ Energy Recovery / Incineration & SRF(Solid Refuse Fuel) Research

■ Energy Recovery / Oil Production Technology Research

1) Raw Materials

2) Transfer 3) Primary Label Stripper

7) Secondary Label Stripper

4) Primary Blowing Tumbler

8) Secondary Blowing Tumbler

5) Primary Selection(White)

6) Secondary Selection(White)

■ Plastic Separate Selection Recycle Research(1)

10) Fourth Selection 13) Gravity Selection

14) Storage 16) Multiple Washing 17) Hot/Cool Drying 15) Chemical Washing

9) Third Selection 11) Crush 12) Primary Washing & Drying

■ Plastic Recycle Research(2)

18) Primary Material Color

Selection

20) Product Packaging

21) Deliver 19) Secondary Material Color

Selection

■ Plastic Recycle Research(3)

선별라인 자동화 R&D After R&D (Automation) Before R&D (Handwork)

■ Plastic Recycle Research(Selection Part)

■ Material Recovery (Civil Engineering) / Low Quality PVC & Film Recycle Research

Tetrapod (TTP)

Retaining Wall

■ Material Recovery (Civil Engineering) / Low Quality PVC & Film Recycle Research

Collected Raw Materials Remove Impurities Selection Crush Electrical Sorting

Compression

Car Stopper Tile

Products

Manhole

Color

Clear Green Gray Other

Products - Clothing - Packing Band

- Car Seat (Black) - Cement - Reinforcement

- Car Seat (Black)

Percent 60% 20% 5% 15%

■ Material Recovery/ PET Recycling by Color

■ Material Recovery / Application of PET Recycling Research(Industry)

1 Vehicle Material

- Air-Bag

- Tire Cord

3 Functional Filter

- Gas, Liquid Filter

- Engine Filter

Residenetial Material

- Roofing

- House Wrap

2

High-strength Filament Long Fiber Non-woven Long Fiber Non-woven

■ Material Recovery (Fiber) / Application of PET Recycling Research(Fashions)

■ Performance/ PET Recycling Certification

< Certification : NTSI > < Certification : EPEA(Europe) / MBDC(US )>

GR (Good Recycled) Certification in Korea

C2C (Cradle to Cradle Certification in EU, US

■ Energy Recovery / Incineration & SRF(Solid Refuse Fuel) Research

SRF Manufactuing Capacity : 5 ton/day

■ Energy Recovery / Incineration & SRF(Solid Refuse Fuel) Research(2)

Waste Screen Facility

Solid Fuel Facility

Large Residential Facility

Social Infrastructure

SRF Power Palnt

Industrial Complex Treatment Facility

Construction Waste Treatment Facility

Petrochemical Plant

General Industrial Complex

Steam & Power Supply

Power Supply

Product Raw

Material

Steam & Power Supply

Input Processing Output

■ Energy Recovery / Oil Production Technology Research

Waste Processing Capacity : 10 ton/day

Economic Impact

Industrial Impact

Environmental Impact

Eco nomy

Industry

Environment

► High added Value

► Reduce Cost

► Market Demand by

Regulation

► High Quality Recycling

► Promotion of PET Collection

► Reduction of Greenhouse

Gases

► Environmental Protection

Re cycling

Conclusion

Reference Data 1

Reference Data 2

Reference Data 3