Warrawoona Gold Project SRE Invertebrate Fauna Survey · 2021. 1. 4. · Page 2 of 47 Warrawoona Gold Project SRE Invertebrate Fauna Survey DOCUMENT STATUS Revision No. Author Review

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Warrawoona Gold Project SRE Invertebrate Fauna Survey

Cover page, Exec summary, Table of Contents etc.

Warrawoona Gold Project

SRE Invertebrate Fauna Survey

Biologic Environmental Survey

Calidus Resources Limited

July 2019

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DOCUMENT STATUS

Revision No. Author Review / Approved for

Issue

Approved for Issue to

Name Date

1 Nihara Gunawardene Dean Main

Brad Durrant Kate George 15/07/2019

2

Final

“IMPORTANT NOTE”

Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of private study, research, criticism, or review as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part

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by the Client or as a result of a specific request or enquiry were complete, accurate and up-to-date. Where we have obtained

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not aware of any reason why any of the assumptions are incorrect.

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report may not contain sufficient information for the purposes of a Third Party or for other uses. Without the prior written consent of

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 7

1.1 Short-range endemic fauna ................................................................................. 7

2 Desktop Assessment ................................................................................................ 9

2.1 Review of databases ........................................................................................... 9

2.2 Review of previous studies .................................................................................. 9

3 Survey Methods ...................................................................................................... 10

3.1 Field survey ....................................................................................................... 10

3.1.1 Field team ................................................................................................... 10

3.1.2 Survey timing and weather .......................................................................... 10

3.1.3 Sampling site selection................................................................................ 11

3.1.4 Habitat assessment ..................................................................................... 13

3.1.5 Sampling techniques ................................................................................... 14

3.2 Limitations of the survey .................................................................................... 15

3.3 Assessment of species’ conservation significance............................................. 16

4 Results ................................................................................................................... 19

4.1 Desktop assessment ......................................................................................... 19

4.1.1 Database fauna records .............................................................................. 19

4.1.2 Previous survey effort ................................................................................. 22

4.2 Current survey habitat assessment ................................................................... 22

4.2.1 Habitat zones .............................................................................................. 22

4.2.2 Habitat types ............................................................................................... 26

4.3 Current SRE invertebrate fauna results ............................................................. 30

5 Discussion .............................................................................................................. 35

5.1 SRE Invertebrate Fauna .................................................................................... 35

5.2 SRE Habitat Zones............................................................................................ 36

6 References ............................................................................................................. 37

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TABLES

Table 2.1: Databases searched for the review of previous records .................................. 9

Table 3.1: Survey limitations and constraints ................................................................ 15

Table 3.2: SRE categorisation used by WAM taxonomists ............................................ 17

Table 4.1: Species from target SRE groups within 40 km of the Study Area .................. 20

Table 4.2. Habitat Zones found in the Study Area and the kinds of habitat types commonly found in the zones. ........................................................................................................ 23

Table 4.4: Potential SRE taxa recorded during the SRE Invertebrate Fauna Survey. .... 33

FIGURES

Figure 1.1: Study Area and regional location ................................................................... 8

Figure 3.1 Long-term average (LTA) and recent climatic data for the Study Area. ......... 11

Figure 3.2: Survey effort in the Study Area .................................................................... 12

Figure 3.3: Habitat assessment diagram. ...................................................................... 13

Figure 4.1: Habitat suitability for SRE invertebrate fauna .............................................. 21

Figure 4.2: Extrapolated SRE invertebrate fauna habitat zones .................................... 27

Figure 4.3: Habitat mapping of SRE invertebrate survey sites ....................................... 29

Figure 4.4: Current survey SRE invertebrate fauna results ............................................ 34

APPENDICES

Appendix A: Database SRE Fauna Records ................................................................. 38

Appendix B: Site Data ................................................................................................... 41

Appendix C: Fauna Data ............................................................................................... 46

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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The Warrawoona Gold Project is located 20 kilometres (km) southeast of Marble Bar in

the Pilbara region of Western Australia. As part of collating baseline information for

environmental impact assessment, it was recommended that Calidus Resources Limited

(Calidus) undertake a short-range endemic (SRE) invertebrate survey across a number of

their tenements. This document summarises the results of the SRE invertebrate survey

recently undertaken by Biologic Environmental Survey. A desktop assessment was also

carried out in a manner consistent with the Western Australian (WA) Environmental

Protection Authority (EPA) requirements for the environmental surveying and reporting of

fauna.

The database searches for SRE fauna recorded one non-SRE invertebrate record and no

Potential or Confirmed SRE fauna within the Study Area; however, this is largely due to a

lack of terrestrial invertebrate survey work. Species from invertebrate groups prone to

short-range endemism were recorded within a 40 km radius surrounding the Study Area,

indicating some likelihood that these groups may occur within the Study Area.

Sixty sites were selected within the Study Area for habitat assessment, 31 of which were

surveyed for SRE. Nine habitat types were identified and assessed for SRE suitability.

From these 31 sampling sites, 70 specimens belonging to groups prone to short-range

endemism were collected. These groups were Araneomorphae, Pseudoscorpiones,

Gastropoda and Isopoda.

Araneomorphae was represented by three specimens in the family Selenopidae.

Selenopidae has been listed as a family with known SRE species and all species from WA

are currently regarded as belonging to the genus Karaops. The specimens from this study

could not be identified past genus as they were either female or juvenile and adult male

specimens are required for positive species identification. As a result, the specimens are

considered as representing potential SRE. Molecular analysis would be required for

greater taxonomic resolution.

Pseudoscorpions were represented by three Olpiidae genera, Austrohorus, Euryolpium

and Indolpium. Austrohorus and Indolpium are known to contain Potential SRE species

and as such the species collected are designated as Potential SRE. The Austrohorus

specimens appear to belong to two species and the Indolpium specimens appear to

represent three separate taxa. Further investigations would require that molecular analysis

be carried out for greater taxonomic resolution.

Twenty-four snail shells from the family Camaenidae, genus Rhagada, were collected in

the Study Area from ten sites. Rhagada is the most speciose genus of Camaenidae in the

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Pilbara region with some species demonstrating short-range endemism; however, as

these specimens were only empty shells, species confirmation is not possible. However,

the shells were identified as most likely belonging to Rhagada cf. richardsonii. This species

is known from several areas in the Pilbara, including Pardoo and Millstream and is

therefore regarded as Widespread. However, there is still some potential that these

specimens represent a different taxon. A live specimen examined by the WA Museum

would confirm the identification.

All Isopoda were identified as belonging to the Armadillidae genus Buddelundia. Nine of

the ten specimens were positively identified to known morphospecies occurring in the

area, Buddelundia sp. 11 and Buddelundia sp. 14. The former represents a Potential SRE

species but has been collected in Corunna Downs, 25 km to the west, and hence is not

restricted to the Study Area. The latter has been collected across the Pilbara and is

considered Widespread. One juvenile specimen of Buddelundia was identified as distinct

from the other two species, however, further identification was not possible due to its

maturity and has been labelled as potential SRE as a precautionary measure.

No habitats of moderate/high to high suitability for SRE invertebrate fauna were identified

in the area. Only a small portion of the Study Area was considered of moderate suitability

for SRE with the majority of the Study Area falling into a low/moderate suitability.

Generally, it appears that all the habitat zones extend outside of the Study Area with the

habitats appearing to be of lower complexity than those found in areas to the southwest,

such as the Corunna Downs area.

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1 INTRODUCTION

Calidus Resources Limited (Calidus) commissioned Biologic Environmental Survey

(Biologic) to undertake a short-range endemic (SRE) invertebrate fauna survey within the

Warrawoona Gold Project. The survey was undertaken within the ‘Previous Study Area’

and the ‘Additional Areas’ – hereafter defined as the Study Area, to determine the

presence and distribution for fauna of conservation significance to support environmental

impact assessments. The Warrawoona Gold Project is located 20 kilometres (km)

southeast of Marble Bar in the Pilbara region of Western Australia (Figure 1.1).

1.1 Short-range endemic fauna

Endemism refers to the restriction of a species to a particular area, whether it is at the

continental, national or local scale, the latter being commonly referred to as short-range

endemism (Allen et al., 2002). Harvey (2002) proposed a range criterion for terrestrial

short-range endemic (SRE) species at less than 10,000 km2 (or 100 km x 100 km), which

has been adopted by regulatory authorities in Western Australia (EPA, 2016d). Short-

range endemism in a species is determined by several factors including life history,

physiology, dispersal capabilities and opportunities as well as the tendency for

differentiation and speciation. Other biotic and abiotic interactions both historical and

current can also restrict the distribution of a species. (Ponder & Colgan, 2002).

Many vertebrate fauna have been identified as restricted in geographical distribution and

are often listed as species of conservation significance to be protected under state and

federal legislation. In recent years, however, a number of invertebrate taxa have been

discovered to contain a high proportion of species likely to be regarded as SRE (Harvey

2002). These taxa include freshwater snails (Ponder & Colgan, 2002), land snails

(Johnson et al., 2004) and mygalomorph spiders (Main et al., 2000). SRE invertebrate

species often share similar physiological, behavioural and life history characteristics that

influence their restricted distributions and limit their wider dispersal (Harvey, 2002). For

example, some specialised taxa can be limited by very specific habitat requirements (e.g.

selenopid spiders within fractured rocky outcrops), while for others, physiological

constraints limit their movement through drier habitats (e.g. snails).

This restriction in geographical distribution has led to SRE invertebrate fauna becoming

an important component of the environmental impact assessment process providing a

focal point for survey work aimed at protecting species of high conservation value.

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SRE Invertebrate Fauna Survey

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2 DESKTOP ASSESSMENT

A desktop assessment was carried out in a manner consistent with the Western Australian

(WA) Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) environmental surveying and reporting of

fauna, including the following documents:

• EPA Guidance No. 56, Terrestrial Fauna Surveys for Environmental Impact

Assessment in Western Australia (EPA, 2016c); and

• EPA Guidance Statement No. 20, Sampling of Short Range Endemic Invertebrate

Fauna for Environmental Impact Assessment in Western Australia (EPA, 2016d).

2.1 Review of databases

Three databases were searched for SRE invertebrate fauna records within and

surrounding the Study Area to determine the likely SRE fauna values (Table 2.1).

Table 2.1: Databases searched for the review of previous records

Database Date Accessed

Parameters

NatureMap (DBCA, 2017) 11 October 2017

40 km radius from point: -21.33556, 119.88778

WAM Arachnida/ Myriapoda (WAM, 2017a)

3 October 2017

Bounding Box (40,000km2) using points: Northwest -20.873353°S, 119.402942°E Southeast -21.759124°S, 120.383664°E

WAM Crustacea and Mollusca (WAM, 2017b, 2017c)

3 October 2017

Bounding Box (40,000km2) using points: Northwest -20.873353°S, 119.402942°E Southeast -21.759124°S, 120.383664°E

Within these databases, records of mygalomorph spiders, selenopid spiders,

pseudoscorpions, scorpions, millipedes, terrestrial snails, and isopods were targeted.

WAM databases were queried within a 40,000 km2 area bounding the Study Area, thereby

selecting species within these target groups known within the vicinity of the area.

Indeterminate records were excluded, except where generic level characters and

distribution information was sufficient to point to a high likelihood that the species could be

SRE.

2.2 Review of previous studies

No previous SRE surveys have been conducted in the Study Area.

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3 SURVEY METHODS

3.1 Field survey

3.1.1 Field team

The field team consisted of Principal Zoologist, Morgan O’Connell, Senior Zoologist, Mike

Brown and Zoologist, Courtney Brown.

3.1.2 Survey timing and weather

The Study Area is located within the Chichester (PIL 1) subregion of the Pilbara bioregion

(Kendrick & McKenzie, 2001). The region features a semi-desert to tropical climate, with

rainfall occurring sporadically within either summer or winter, but mostly during the former

season. Long-term climatic data is not available for the Study Area itself; however, long-

term climatic data is available from the Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) weather station at

Marble Bar located approximately 20 km north of the Study Area (BoM, 2018). The survey

was undertaken in two parts, first between 8th – 15th May (Trip 1) in conjunction with the

Subterranean Fauna Survey and from 8th – 15th July (Trip 2) 2018 in conjunction with the

Targeted Fauna Survey (Figure 3.1). The average minimum (16.1 °C) and maximum (32.2

°C) for the first survey period were similar to the long-term averages for May (17.1 °C and

31.1 °C). No rain was recorded during this survey period and the last recorded rainfall prior

to the survey was on April 1st (18.8 mm). The average minimum (10.88 °C) and maximum

(28.33 °C) for the second survey period were also proximate to the long-term averages for

July (11.7 °C and 29.1 °C). No rain was recorded during this survey period and the last

rainfall prior to the survey was in the middle of June (31.6 mm).

An additional survey was undertaken between the 5th and 10th of April 2019 (Trip 3) in

conjunction with the Warrawoona Bat Monitoring field survey. Local weather conditions

experienced during the survey, as recorded from the Marble Bar weather station (Station

004106) (BoM, 2018), were hot and dry and typical for the time of year. Maximum daytime

temperatures during the survey ranged from 37.8 °C to 39.3 °C with an average of 38.2

°C. Minimum overnight temperatures ranged from 19.1 °C to 27.2 °C (Figure 3.1). Relative

humidity averaged 35 % and 19 % for readings at 0900 and 1500, respectively. No rainfall

fell during the survey period.

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Figure 3.1 Long-term average (LTA) and recent climatic data for the Study Area.

Orange boxes show the three trips. LTA data is taken from the Marble Bar

Station 004106 (BOM, 2019).

3.1.3 Sampling site selection

Habitats considered suitable for SRE terrestrial invertebrates in the Pilbara were targeted

for the baseline SRE invertebrate fauna survey, namely gorges/ deep gullies, shallow/

open gullies, ridges/ breakaways and drainage foci. Sampling was also undertaken in less

suitable habitat types, including drainage lines, hillcrests and slopes, and minor rocky

outcropping. Twenty sites were selected for the SRE invertebrate fauna survey (Figure

3.2) for Trips 1 and 2 and an additional 40 sites were targeted in Trip 3.

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3.1.4 Habitat assessment

The habitat assessments were aimed at determining the significance of each site as

potential SRE habitat, and hence the likelihood that each site may contain SRE

invertebrate fauna. The habitat assessment was based on three major factors influencing

the significance of habitats for SRE species; isolation, protection and habitat complexity,

as briefly outlined below and illustrated in Figure 3.3.

Figure 3.3: Habitat assessment diagram.

Isolation: based on the level of connectivity between sites, which share similar habitat

characteristics. Isolation is the most important factor when it comes to the level of risk, as

any fauna with limited dispersal characteristics, regardless of the habitat preference, will

likely be, an isolated population. Examples include islands and mountaintops; in the

Pilbara, peaks like Mt Meharry have been shown to harbour significant SRE species

(Durrant, 2011).

Protection: this primarily covers protection from exposure. With respect to the Pilbara

region however, protection from disturbance is also very important for the long-term

viability of SRE habitats and communities, i.e. protection from fire, flood and invasive

species.

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Protection is provided at two levels; the site level where the structural composition of the

site (aspect, slope etc.) can provide protection from exposure and disturbance by providing

physical barriers (e.g. gorges and gullies); and the habitat level where certain microhabitat

characteristics, associated with habitat complexity, provide more direct protection,

particularly from exposure (i.e. leaf litter, rocky substrates, canopy cover and soil depth).

Habitat complexity: this factor drives species richness and often abundance at a site, i.e.

the more complex a site is, the more species and individuals it is likely to contain. This is

particularly important, as a number of SRE groups are predators; therefore the richness

and abundance of prey species are critical to their survival.

Complexity, with respect to SREs, is based around a number of microhabitat types:

• Leaf litter: both depth and structural variation;

• Rocky substrates: loose rocks and crevices;

• Vegetation variation: flora richness and structural variation; and

• Soil: depth and structural variation.

Likewise, the complexity of the habitat is important to detritivore SRE taxa, such as

isopods, millipedes and some snails, which rely upon decaying leaf litter, woody debris

and organic matter for survival. Examples in the Pilbara include deep gullies and gorges,

where many of these areas contain most of the above microhabitat types, and therefore

tend to be the richest areas.

3.1.5 Sampling techniques

The sampling techniques employed for the baseline SRE invertebrate fauna sampling

included active foraging, leaf litter sifting, soil sifting and targeted searches for spider and

scorpion burrows. The target taxonomic groups were trapdoor spiders (Mygalomorphae),

selenopid spiders, scorpions, millipedes, pseudoscorpions, land snails, and isopods.

The sampling methods adopted were carried out in accordance with the following

documents:

• Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) Position Statement No. 3 ‘Terrestrial

Biological Surveys as an Element of Biodiversity Protection’ (EPA, 2002);

• Guidance Statement No. 56 ‘Terrestrial Fauna Surveys for Environmental Impact

Assessment in Western Australia’ (EPA, 2016b); and

• Guidance Statement No. 20 ‘Sampling of Short Range Endemic Fauna for

Environmental Impact Assessment in Western Australia’ No. 20 (EPA, 2016a).

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Active foraging

Active foraging was undertaken at each sampling site for 1.5 person hours and involved

various techniques relevant to the following microhabitats:

• Under rocks, within cracks and crevices: suitably sized rocks were over turned,

and rocky microhabitats were actively searched for rock dwelling species;

• Woody debris: larger logs and woody debris were investigated and over turned

searching for detritivores;

• Vegetation and tree bark: significant vegetation (e.g. Mulga, and fig trees) were

actively searched, including underneath sheets of bark; and

• Burrow searching: active searches were undertaken for mygalomorph spider and

scorpion burrows within suitable habitats. Note: searches for burrows are

undertaken during foraging time and also whilst walking through the Study Area,

but time taken to excavate burrows is additional to foraging time.

Leaf litter searching

Leaf litter, humus and soil (to approximately 15 cm below surface) was placed in a sieve

at the site and agitated to divide the sample into three grades (>7 mm, >3 mm, >1.4 mm).

Each grade was thoroughly searched for target SRE species such as pseudoscorpions,

millipedes, snails, and small scorpions. The maximum volume of litter in the sieve was

approximately 4808 cm3, and up to two sifts were conducted at each site, providing

sufficient leaf litter and humus was available.

Specimen preservation

All specimens were euthanised in 100% ethanol to preserve DNA for sequencing. Isopods

were transferred to 70% ethanol for storage at the request of Dr Simon Judd.

All isopods were sent directly to Dr Simon Judd for identification and Arachnida specimens

were identified by Dr Erich Volschenk.

3.2 Limitations of the survey

EPA Guidance Statement No. 56 (EPA, 2016b) outlines several potential limitations to

fauna surveys, which are presented and discussed in Table 3.1. It was considered that

there were no material limitations to the survey.

Table 3.1: Survey limitations and constraints

Potential limitation or constraint

Applicability to this survey

Experience of personnel. No constraint.

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Potential limitation or constraint

Applicability to this survey

Scope (what faunal groups were sampled and whether any constraints affect this).

No constraint.

Proportion of fauna identified. Some taxonomic constraints regarding juvenile specimens.

Sources of information (recent or historic) and availability of contextual information.

All previous surveys relevant to the planning of the survey were available and consulted.

Proportion of the task achieved. A SRE baseline invertebrate fauna survey was completed for the Study Area.

Disturbances (e.g. fire or flood). Historical mining of the Study Area, predominantly underground shafts though minor open pit/removal of habitat exists.

Intensity of survey. Sampling was supplemented with a second sampling round and intensity based on low-moderate habitat suitability of the Study Area

Completeness of survey. The Study Area, considering current survey effort and habitats covered has been adequately surveyed.

Resources (e.g. degree of expertise available).

All resources required to complete the survey were available.

Remoteness or access issues. No constraint.

Timing of survey, weather, seasonality

Conditions were moderately hot and dry, characteristic of Pilbara dry season (May-July).

3.3 Assessment of species’ conservation significance

The SRE status categories used in this report broadly follow the WAM’s revised

categorisation for SRE invertebrates (refer Appendices 2-3). This system is based upon

the 10,000 km2 range criterion proposed by Harvey (2002) and uses three broad

categories to deal with varying levels of taxonomic certainty that may apply to any given

taxon (Table 3.2).

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Table 3.2: SRE categorisation used by WAM taxonomists

Taxonomic Certainty Taxonomic Uncertainty

Distribution < 10 000km2

Confirmed SRE • A known distribution of

< 10,000 km2. • The taxonomy is well

known. • The group is well

represented in collections and/ or via comprehensive sampling.

Potential SRE • Patchy sampling has

resulted in incomplete knowledge of geographic distribution.

• Incomplete taxonomic knowledge.

• The group is not well represented in collections.

• Category applies where there are significant knowledge gaps.

SRE Sub-categories may apply:

A) Data Deficient B) Habitat Indicators C) Morphology Indicators D) Molecular Evidence E) Research & Expertise

Distribution > 10 000km2

Widespread (not an SRE) • A known distribution of

> 10,000 km2. • The taxonomy is well

known. • The group is well

represented in collections and/ or via comprehensive sampling.

Under this system, “Potential SRE” status is the default categorisation for species within

the typical SRE taxonomic groups including mygalomorph spiders, selenopid spiders, land

snails, pseudoscorpions, scorpions, and isopods, unless sufficient evidence exists to

confirm Widespread or Confirmed SRE status.

Potential SRE status is sub-categorised by what is currently known about the species in

question; i.e. whether there are B) habitat indicators, C) morphology indicators, D)

molecular evidence, or E) a weight of general knowledge and experience with the group

that suggests a reasonable likelihood that the species could be SRE. In terms of SRE

likelihood, the more evidence that exists under sub categories 'B', 'C', 'D', and 'E', the

greater the likelihood that further investigation would confirm that the species is a SRE;

however, the Potential SRE category 'A' - data deficient is unique. This category indicates

that the current information is insufficient to adequately assess the SRE status of the

species in question. In such cases, where the SRE status cannot be confirmed, a

conservative approach would be unable to consider the SRE risk to be higher than average

where the taxonomy of the genus (or family) requires significant review in order to make

any statement on SRE status, and/or the genus is not known to include any Confirmed

SRE species within the region (subject to the extent of prior sampling/ taxonomic effort).

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To avoid confusion with other Potential SRE species for which there is some certainty

and/or some precedent for their SRE status, this report represents the WAM’s "Potential

SRE - category 'A' - data deficient” only as "data deficient". The results from taxonomists

are also presented within the broader context of the results from habitat assessment,

habitat connectivity, and other ecological information collected during the survey. This

approach aims to provide a more holistic assessment of SRE likelihood at scales relevant

to the project, as well as the standard SRE range criterion of <10,000 km2 (Harvey, 2002).

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4 RESULTS

4.1 Desktop assessment

No fauna from target SRE invertebrate groups have been recorded within the Study Area

and only one record of a terrestrial invertebrate is known within the Study Area. This

highlights the lack of sampling conducted within the Study Area to date; however, it is likely

that groups prone to short-range endemism do occur within the Study Area based on the

occurrence of records within the vicinity of the area. The occurrence and endemic status

of these will; however, depend on the occurrence of suitable and restricted SRE habitats

within the Study Area.

4.1.1 Database fauna records

The WAM and NatureMap database searches have provided an up-to-date SRE

invertebrate fauna list for the Study Area and surrounds, containing records from all known

previous surveys within a 40 km radius (congruent with other databases).

The database searches identified 86 records of fauna from six target SRE invertebrate

groups which are prone to short-range endemism including selenopid spiders,

mygalomorph spiders, pseudoscorpions, scorpions, millipedes and land snails (Appendix

A). Of these, 36 records had higher level identifications only, partially due to poor

taxonomic resolution within certain groups and specimen collected being juveniles,

damaged or the wrong sex for species-level identifications. As such, these have not been

identified to species and therefore cannot be regarded further in this assessment.

The remaining 48 records have been identified to species (or species complexes), either

morphologically or genetically, comprising 25 scorpions, 10 pseudoscorpions, 7

mygalomorph spiders, 4 millipedes and single records of both selenopid spider and land

snail (Table 4.1). The single molluscan record, camaenid snail Rhagada convicta,

however, was recorded from NatureMap for which exact GPS coordinates are not publicly

available.

Largely due to the lack of sampling within the Study Area, no species considered SRE or

Potential SRE have been recorded within the Study Area; however, it is likely that groups

prone to short-range endemism (those listed above) do occur within the Study Area based

on the occurrence of records within the vicinity of the Study Area. The occurrence and

endemic status of these will, however, depend on the occurrence of suitable and restricted

SRE habitats within the Study Area.

Page 20 of 47


Table 4.1: Species from target SRE groups within 40 km of the Study Area

Higher Groups Family Lowest Species ID

Selenopid Spiders Selenopidae Karaops nyangumarta

Mygalomorph Spiders Actinopodidae Missulena melissae

Mygalomorph Spiders Actinopodidae Missulena rutraspina

Mygalomorph Spiders Barychelidae Idiommata sp. `MYG111` Mygalomorph Spiders Barychelidae Synothele sp. `MYG114` Mygalomorph Spiders Nemesiidae Aname sp. `MYG001 group` Mygalomorph Spiders Nemesiidae Aname sp. `MYG099` Mygalomorph Spiders Nemesiidae Aname mellosa

Pseudoscorpiones Feaellidae Feaella tealei

Pseudoscorpiones Garypidae Synsphyronus sp. `8/3 pilbara` Pseudoscorpiones Garypidae Synsphyronus sp. `paradoxus complex` Pseudoscorpiones Garypidae Synsphyronus sp. `PSE091, 7/3 short` Pseudoscorpiones Garypidae Synsphyronus sp. `PSE093, 8/1 Pilbara` Pseudoscorpiones Garypidae Synsphyronus `sp. nov. Spinifex Ridge` Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Olpiidae sp. `Genus 7/4` Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Beierolpium sp. `8/3` Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Beierolpium sp. `8/4 lge` Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Xenolpium sp. `PSE063` Scorpiones Bothriuridae Cercophonius granulosus

Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `bituberculatus?` Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `bituberculatus complex` Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `gracilimanus` Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `hairy tail complex` Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `hairy tail group` Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `hairy tail group` Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `harveyi` Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. 1 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. 2 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. 3 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. 4 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. 6 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas annulatus

Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas bituberculatus Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. `Pilbara 16` Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. `Pilbara 4` Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. `Pilbara 5` Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. `Pilbara sp. 5` Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. 2 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. 4 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. 5 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. `Pilbara 8` Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus butleri

Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus yaschenkoi

Millipedes Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. `DIP011?` Millipedes Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. `DIP026` Millipedes Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. `DIP034` Millipedes Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. `DIP038` Land Snails Camaenidae Rhagada convicta

In addition, we display the potential likelihood (shown as ‘risk’ in the figure) of SRE

invertebrate fauna occurring based on land systems in the Pilbara (Figure 4.1).

https://bie.ala.org.au/species/urn:lsid:biodiversity.org.au:afd.taxon:61200e4e-a3a7-4de6-af68-cbea01cc3b99#classification

76000

00

7610000

7620000

7630000

7640000

7650000

7660000

Page 22 of 47


This ‘risk’ system has been laid out in the report- Strategic Environmental Assessment:

Short-range Endemic Invertebrate Review and Risk Assessment (Biologic, 2015). It

demonstrates that the majority of specimens collected in the 40 km radius of the Study

Area are in ‘high’ risk zones whereas the Study Area itself falls into a generally low risk

zone for the region. Only a small portion of the Study Area contained any landform type

that had a higher likelihood of containing suitable habitat for SRE invertebrate fauna.

4.1.2 Previous survey effort

No previous surveys have been conducted in the Study Area. The closest area that has

been surveyed for SRE invertebrate fauna is Corunna Downs Station, approximately 35

km south-west of the Study Area.

4.2 Current survey habitat assessment

4.2.1 Habitat zones

Using the habitat assessments carried out at the 60 sites across the three field trips,

habitats within the Study Area (as discussed above) were classified into six habitat zones

based on differences in the major landform features, drainage features and vegetation

features that can influence SRE suitability. These zones were not intended to be strictly

uniform in habitat characteristics and each may contain several different SRE habitat types

(as outlined below) (Figure 4.2, Table 4.2).

Page 23 of 47


Table 4.2. Habitat Zones found in the Study Area and the kinds of habitat types commonly found in the zones.

Habitat Zone Habitat Type Habitat Suitability Rank*

Justification

Rocky Crests and Slopes

Gorge/Gully

5 – High (gorges and south-facing gullies) 4 – Moderate/ High (north-facing gullies)

These habitats are often the most suitable for SRE fauna owing to the high protection from exposure, high complexity and moisture retention, and inherent isolation due to discontinuous landforms. Gorges and south-facing gullies tend to have a higher degree of protection while north-facing gullies tend to be more exposed.

Hillcrests/ Hillslopes

4 – Moderate/ High

These habitats contain regular occurrences of rocky habitats, particularly ridges, gullies and outcropping not mapped in the Gorge/Gully habitat that can be important refuges for invertebrate taxa. Likewise, small microhabitats of deeper soils and leaf litter can be important for some species, as is the case with the Priority 1 species Antichiropus ‘DIP006’ and ‘DIP007’ at Mining Area C and South Flank (Biologic 2016c and 2018c). There is also the potential for these habitats to be isolated, acting as terrestrial islands for some species.

Drainage Areas

Medium and Minor Drainage

2 – Low/ Moderate As with drainage lines, isolation is generally low as drainage area and floodplain habitats form an interconnected network of vegetation-based habitats, providing dispersal corridors for some SRE fauna.

Eucalyptus woodland

2 – Low/ Moderate These kinds of habitats can be important for burrowing species as they often occur on patches of deeper clay-loam soils, and for detritivore species that rely on dense leaf litter; however, they are often widespread and continuous.

Rounded Hills Undulating low hills, outcropping

2 – Low/ Moderate These habitats are often comprised of small, discontinuous outcrops and boulder piles on plains or open hill slopes. These areas rarely feature dense vegetation and present limited complex sheltered habitats.

Plains

Sand Plain 1 – Low While moderately dense shrubland on the plains can provide patches of detrital microhabitats and deep soils suitable substrate for burrowing taxa, these habitats tend to provide very little protection and are often widespread and continuous.

Stony Plain 1 - Low The low levels of habitat complexity, protection and isolation generally make these areas unsuitable for SRE species.

Page 24 of 47


Habitat Zone Habitat Type Habitat Suitability Rank*

Justification

Claypan 1 - Low The low levels of habitat complexity, protection and isolation generally make these areas unsuitable for SRE species.

Disturbed Disturbed 1 - Low The low levels of habitat complexity, shelter, and isolation generally make these areas unsuitable for SRE species.

Page 25 of 47


Rocky Crests and Slopes

This habitat zone comprises low to high slopes and crests with rocky, mountainous

habitats such as extensive ridges, breakaways, gullies and cliff faces. The larger, steeper

faces and features of these rocky habitats generally provide more shelter and habitat

complexity than surrounding areas. Within the Study Area, this habitat zone is part of a

largely continuous system that continues to the east, west and north of the Study Area.

Within the Study Area, this habitat zone is regarded as moderately suitable for SRE fauna

as there are no significant, protected landform features such as major gorges or gullies

and the Study Area is part of a system that extends well beyond its boundaries (Figure

4.2).

Drainage areas (Medium Drainage and Minor Drainage)

This habitat zone comprises both Medium and Minor Drainage areas. These areas are

dominated by dense shrubland and groves/ thickets of Acacia (Mulga and other Acacia

species) and Eucalyptus/ Corymbia species. Slope and aspect are more or less irrelevant

to SRE suitability here; instead, the density and structure of vegetation influences

complexity of detrital microhabitats, and amount of shelter available. These features tend

to be well connected as the groves and drainage line habitats form an interconnected

network of vegetation-based habitats along the course of the drainage line and flood

plains, which can also act as a corridor for SRE invertebrate dispersal. As such, this habitat

zone is regarded as low to moderately suitable for SRE fauna.

Rounded Hills

This habitat zone comprises the stony hill tops and sloping habitats that do not commonly

feature major outcrops, ridges or gullies. Such areas feature skeletal gravelly soils and

sparse vegetation that provides little if any shelter. Generally, these types of habitats are

considered of low suitability for SRE fauna unless there are additional habitat features

which provide patches of more complex, protected microhabitats (such as isolated

outcrops, ridges or certain types of vegetation), as is the case with some Antichiropus

millipede species in the central Pilbara which are only associated with Corymbia on stony

hilltops. Within the Study Area, this habitat zone is regarded as being of low suitability for

SRE fauna as these rounded hills do not appear to be conducive to these types of

microhabitats compare to the higher, mountainous crests found elsewhere.

Plains

This habitat zone comprises the open, flat habitats on detrital plains or on heavy, alluvial

soils that do not feature significant vegetation groves/ thickets, drainage features, or rocky

Page 26 of 47


outcrops. Moderately dense shrubland on the plains can provide patches of detrital

microhabitats throughout; however, the low levels of habitat complexity, shelter, and

isolation generally make these areas unsuitable for SRE species. The SRE suitability of

this habitat zone is low; however, they can contain patches of suitable microhabitat.

Disturbed Areas

These are areas that have been cleared and remain disturbed. These are regarded as

being of low suitability for SRE fauna.

4.2.2 Habitat types

At the site level, the 60 sites were assessed as representing the following seven habitat

types:

• Gorge/ Gullies - rocky landforms usually offering moderate to moderate/high

levels of shade and shelter, complex rocky microhabitats, and patches of dense

vegetation. However, the gorge/gully sites in the Study Area were assessed as

only moderate/low suitability for SRE fauna.

• Breakaway/ Cliff - complex rocky/ mountainous habitats featuring extensive

breakaway/ rock face.

• Hillcrest and Hillslope - open (exposed) habitats on the slopes or tops of high

hills and mountains that are not highly complex and generally sparsely vegetated.

These are not usually considered to be suitable for SRE invertebrate fauna, unless

there is another landform or vegetation feature providing a more protected

microhabitat within this habitat type.

• Drainage Lines/Drainage Area – medium and minor drainage areas that can be

densely vegetated, and extensive, but tend to be prone to disturbances from

flooding. These types of habitats are generally considered to provide dispersal

opportunities for some SRE invertebrate fauna.

• Outcropping – small outcrops in undulating low hills are unlikely to support SRE

species due to high exposure, low complexity, and low isolation.

• Eucalyptus Woodland – dense patches of tall vegetation (various Eucalyptus or

sometimes Mulga species) that are structurally distinct from the surrounding

landscape and provide a high degree of shelter and detrital microhabitats, as well

as deep clay-loam soils.

• Sandy/Stony Plains – mostly flat, extensive, open areas that may feature pockets

of shrubland or open woodland and limited detrital microhabitats, however these

are unlikely to support SRE species due to high exposure, low complexity, and low

isolation.

CREEK

770230 776230 782230 788230 794230 800230 806230 81223076

2782

776

3182

776

3582

776

3982

776

4382

776

4782

776

5182

7



Figure 4.2: Extrapolated SRE Invertebrate Fauna Habitat Zones1:150,000


0 3.5 71.75km


SRE Habitat ZonesDisturbedDrainage AreasPlainsRocky Crests and Slopes

Extrapolated Habitat MappingRocky Crests and SlopesRounded Hills

Plains

¯

LegendStudy Area SRE Habitat Zones

DisturbedDrainage Areas

PlainsRocky Crests and SlopesRounded Hills

Extrapolated Habitat MappingRocky Crests and SlopesRounded HillsPlains

Page 28 of 47


Figure 4.3 shows the location and habitat types of the sites visited. Figure 4.3 also shows

the habitat types used in the Vertebrate Fauna Survey as a reference. The important

physical characteristics of these habitat types were used to inform the classification of

SRE habitat zones discussed above in section 4.2.1. Appendix B provides further details

regarding the key habitat and microhabitat characteristics of each site visited during the

habitat assessment survey.

!(

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#* #*

!(!(!(!( !(!(

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!(!(!(!(

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!(

!(

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785231 791231 797231 80323176

3259

376

3659

376

4059

3



Figure 4.3: SRE Invertebrate Survey Sites and Habitat Mapping1:66,102


0 1.5 30.75km

Greater ParaburdooStudy Area ¯

LegendStudy Area SRE Habitat Zones

Rocky Crests and SlopesRounded Hills

Drainage AreasPlainsDisturbed

SRE Sites!( SRE Sample Sites#* Habitat Assessment Only Sites

Page 30 of 47


4.3 Current SRE invertebrate fauna results

From Trip 1 and 2, 20 sites were selected within the Study Area for habitat assessment,

19 of which were surveyed for SRE specimens. Of the 19 sites surveyed for SRE fauna,

only 13 yielded invertebrate specimens. In Trip 3, 40 sites were selected in the extended

Survey Area for habitat assessment of which 12 sites were successfully sampled for SRE

specimens. From these 31 sites, 70 specimens were identified as belonging to groups

containing known SRE species. These groups were Araneomorphae, Pseudoscorpiones,

Gastropoda and Isopoda (Table 4.2, Figure 4.3).

Araneomorphae: Selenopidae

Karaops sp. indet.

Three specimens of this taxon were recorded from three sites (T2SRE-CA05, T2SRE-

CA15, and T2SRE-CA17) in Trip 2 all under rocks within Outcropping, Medium Drainage

Line habitats and Hillcrest/ Hillslope. Selenopidae has been listed as a family with known

SRE species and all species from WA are currently regarded as belonging to the genus

Karaops. The specimens from this study could not be identified past genus as they were

either female or juvenile and adult male specimens are required for positive species

identification.

This taxon is regarded as a Potential SRE (WAM Categories ‘A’ Data deficient, ‘B’ Habitat

Indicators and ‘E’ Research and Expertise) and further molecular work would be required

to resolve this deficiency.

Pseudoscorpiones: Olpiidae

Pseudoscorpions were represented by three Olpiidae genera, Austrohorus, Euryolpium

and Indolpium. Only Austrohorus and Indolpium are known to contain Potential SRE

species and as such the species collected are listed as Potential SRE. The Austrohorus

specimens appear to belong to two species and the Indolpium specimens appear to

represent three separate taxa. Only one Euryolpium specimen was collected in Trip 3.

Austrohorus sp. CAL1 and CAL 2

Four specimens of Austrohorus were collected from four sites (T1SRE-CA02,

T2SRE_CA18, SRE-CA07 and SRE-CA15) in rock and leaf litter microhabitats within

Gorge/ Gully and Hillcrest/Hillslope sites respectively, and both types categorised within

the Rocky Crests and Slopes habitat zone. The specimens could not be identified to

species as the genus requires revision. Molecular work would be necessary to provide

further taxonomic clarity.

Page 31 of 47


This taxon is regarded as a Potential SRE (WAM Category ‘A’ Data Deficient, ‘B’ Habitat

Indicators and ‘E’ Research and Expertise).

Euryolpium sp. indet.

One specimen of this genus was collected in a Hillcrest hillslope site SRE-CA09 in Trip 3.

The members of this genus are generally known to be widespread across the Pilbara and

even though the species collected in the Study Area is indeterminate, we will also consider

it as Widespread.

Indolpium sp. CAL 3 ‘long chela’

A number of specimens, from the species complex Indolpium ‘long chela’, were collected

from four sites (T1SRE-CA02, T2SRE-CA06, T2SRE-CA10 and T2SRE-CA20). Two

females, two males and one juvenile were collected from Gorge/Gully, Outcropping and

Hillcrest/Hillslope sites.

This taxon is regarded as a Potential SRE (WAM Category ‘A’ Data Deficient, ‘B’ Habitat

Indicators and ‘E’ Research and Expertise).

Indolpium sp. indet.

One juvenile specimen was collected from T2SRE-CA13, an Outcropping site within the

Stony Plain habitat zone. This specimen appeared morphologically distinct from I. sp. CAL

3 ‘long chela’. Another juvenile specimen was collected from Site 1, a Medium Drainage

Line habitat within the Drainage Line habitat zone (T1SRE-CA01). This specimen did not

align with either of the other two Indolpium species identified above. A third unidentified

Indolpium species was collected in Trip 3 from hillcrest/hillslope site SRE-CA09. Molecular

work would be necessary to determine further taxonomic clarity.

This taxon is regarded as a Potential SRE (WAM Category ‘A’ Data Deficient and ‘E’

Research and Expertise).

Gastropoda Camaenidae

Four snail shells from the family Camaenidae, genus Rhagada, were collected in the Study

Area from three sites in Trip 2. A further 20 shells from seven sites were collected in Trip

3. Rhagada is the most speciose genus of Camaenidae in the Pilbara region with some

species demonstrating short-range endemism; however, as these specimens were only

empty shells, the WA Museum taxonomist was only able to provide a tentative

identification.

Page 32 of 47


Rhagada cf. richardsonii

Four shells were collected from three sites in Trip 2 (T2SRE-CA06, T2SRE-CA10 and

T2SRE-CA11). Trip 3 yielded a further 20 shells from seven sites (SRE-CA01, SRE-CA06,

SRE-CA07, SRE-CA15, SRE-CA18, SRE-CA20, SRE-CA32). Almost all of these sites

were Hillcrest/Hillslope sites except for site T2SRE-CA06 which was an Outcropping

habitat type. All shells were found under rocks.

Rhagada cf richardsonii is known from several areas in the Pilbara, including Pardoo and

Millstream and is therefore regarded as Widespread; however, there is still some potential

that these specimens represent a different taxon. A live specimen examined by the WA

Museum would confirm the identification.

Isopoda: Armadillidae

All Isopoda were identified as belonging to the Armadillidae genus Buddelundia. Nine of

the ten specimens were positively identified to known morphospecies occurring in the

area, Buddelundia sp. 11 and Buddelundia sp. 14.

Buddelundia sp. ‘11’

Six specimens were collected from four sites (T1SRE-CA01, T2SRE-CA05, T2SRE-CA15

and T2SRE_CA20) in Medium Drainage and Outcropping habitats.

This taxon is regarded as a Potential SRE (‘E’ Research and Expertise) but is also known

from Corunna Downs, 25 km from the Study Area.

Buddelundia sp. ‘14’

One specimen was collected from under rocks at T2SRE-CA15, a Medium Drainage Line

habitat and a second within Minor Drainage site SRE-CA30. Another juvenile specimen

that is regarded as likely to be this taxon was collected from T1SRE-CA01, another

Medium Drainage Line habitat within the Drainage Line habitat zone.

This taxon is regarded as Widespread.

Buddelundia sp. indet.

One juvenile specimen of Buddelundia was identified as distinct from the other two

species. This was collected at T2SRE_CA17, a Hillcrest/ Hillslope habitat site. Molecular

work would be necessary to gain further taxonomic clarity.

This taxon is regarded as a Potential SRE (WAM Category ‘A’ Data Deficient and ‘E’

Research and Expertise).

Page 33 of 47


Table 4.3: Potential SRE taxa recorded during the SRE Invertebrate Fauna Survey. The habitat type of each site where the specimens were

collected is also displayed.

Higher Taxon Group Lowest taxonomic

identification

Gorge/ Gully Hillcrest/

Hillslope

Medium Drainage

Line

Outcropping Grand

Total

ARANEAE

Selenopidae Karaops sp. indet.

1 1 1 3

ISOPODA

Armadillidae Buddelundia sp. 11

2 2 4

Buddelundia sp. indet.

1

1

PSEUDOSCORPIONES

Olpiidae Austrohorus sp. CAL1 1 3

4

Indolpium sp. CAL3 'long chela' 1 1

2 4

Indolpium sp. indet1

1

1

Indolpium sp. indet2

1 1

Indolpium sp. Indet3

1

1

Grand Total

2 7 4 6 19

XY

XY

XY

XY

")

")

")

")")

XYXY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XYkk

k

785501 791501 797501 80350176

3271

976

3671

976

4071

9



Figure 4.4: Current Survey Potential SRE Invertebrate Fauna Records1:65,741


0 1.5 30.75km


SRE Habitat ZonesRocky Crests and SlopesRounded HillsDrainage AreasPlainsDisturbed

¯

LegendStudy Area

Potential SRE Speciesk Karaops sp. indet.

XYAustrohorus sp. CAL1

XY Indolpium sp. CAL3 'long chela'

XY Indolpium sp. indet1



") Buddelundia sp. 11") Buddelundia sp. indet.

Page 35 of 47


5 DISCUSSION

5.1 SRE Invertebrate Fauna

No specimens collected in the Study Area were considered Confirmed SRE invertebrate

fauna. There were four groups of taxa that could be considered Potential SRE based on

generic identification. The three Karaops specimens occurred in hillcrest/ hillslope,

outcropping and medium drainage line sites. If they are all representative of the same

species, it could be extrapolated that the species is spread through the Study Area. The

specimens could also potentially be aligned with the one species known from the Corunna

Downs area. One record of widespread species Karaops nyangumarta is known from

approximately 35 km southwest of the current survey records. Based on the land systems,

it can be regarded as likely that the habitats of the Study Area are connected to the

Corunna Downs area to the southwest and therefore these specimens could possibly

represent this species (Figure 4.2).

Pseudoscorpion genera Austrohorus and Indolpium collected in this survey contain known

SRE species; however, the taxonomy of these genera requires revision and as such the

specimens collected in the proximate area to the Study Area have not been identified

further than genus. Again, as with the Karaops species, there is a high potential for the

Austrohorus and Indolpium species to be distributed beyond the footprint of the Study

Area. Austrohorus sp. CAL1 was collected throughout in the Rocky Crests and Slopes

habitat zone which extends out of the Study Area to the northwest and southeast (Figure

4.2). The same can be applied to Indolpium sp. CAL3 ‘long chela’. The three indeterminate

Indolpium species were found in three different habitat zones and without further

taxonomic clarification it would be hard to say

The camaenid snail shells were identified as Rhagada cf. richardsonii; confirmation of

species was not possible as live material was not collected. Rhagada richardsonii is well-

distributed across the northern Pilbara and the Study Area specimen would fit into the

locality spread of the species. The database search for the Study Area and surrounds

showed that another wide-ranging species Rhagada convicta has also been previously

collected 28 km to the west southwest of the Study Area in Corunna Downs. As such, it

appears likely that whichever species of Rhagada has been collected from this survey will

occur well beyond the Study Area.

Within the Isopoda, the genus Buddelundia is very speciose within the Pilbara with some

species highly restricted and others wide-ranging. The species Buddelundia sp. 11 is

considered a Potential SRE; however, this species has been collected in the Corunna

Downs area (** km to the south west) and so is known to not be restricted to the Study

Page 36 of 47


Area. The other Buddelundia specimen (B. sp. indet.) collected in the Study Area (apart

from Buddelundia sp. 14 which is Widespread) requires further taxonomic work to

determine the likelihood that it represents SRE species.

5.2 SRE Habitat Zones

No habitat zone within the Study Area was regarded to be of high suitability for SRE fauna

with all six habitat zones regarded as moderate to low suitability. Despite the presence of

some gorge/ gully habitats within the Rocky Crests and Slopes habitat zone, none of these

were regarded as significant enough to warrant a moderate/high or high suitability. All the

gorges/ gullies were relatively shallow and lacked the high degree of protection that major

gorges and gullies provide. Given the relatively low suitability of the habitat zones within

the Study Area and the extent of those habitat zones well beyond the Study Area, it can

be regarded as highly unlikely that any SRE invertebrate species would be restricted to

the Study Area.

Page 37 of 47


6 REFERENCES

Allen, G. R., Midgley, S. H., & Allen, M. (2002). Field Guide to the Freshwater Fishes of Australia. CSIRO Publishing, Melbourne, Vic. pp.

Biologic, Biologic Environmental Survey. (2015). Strategic Environmental Assessment: Short-range Endemic Invertebrate Review and Risk Assessment. Perth, WA.

BoM, Bureau of Meteorology. (2018). Climate Data Online. Retrieved 2018 http://www.bom.gov.au./climate/data/index.shtml

DBCA, Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions. (2017). NatureMap: Mapping Western Australia's Biodiversity (custom search). Retrieved 2018 http://naturemap.dec.wa.gov.au./default.aspx

Durrant, B. J. (2011). Short-range endemism in the Central Pilbara. Unpublished report to BHP Billiton Iron Ore. Perth, WA.

EPA, Environmenal Protection Agency. (2016a). Guidance for the Assessment of Environmental Factors (in accordance with the Environmental Protection Act 1986). No. 20. Western Australia.

EPA, Environmenal Protection Agency. (2016b). Guidance for the Assessment of Environmental Factors (in accordance with the Environmental Protection Act 1986). Terrestrial Fauna Surveys for Environmental Impact Assessment in Western Australia. No. 56. Western Australia.

EPA, Environmental Protection Authority. (2002). Terrestrial Biological Surveys as an Element of Biodiversity Protection. Position Statement No 3. Perth, Western Australia.

EPA, Environmental Protection Authority. (2016c). Technical Guidance: Sampling Methods for Terretsrial Vertebrate Fauna. Environmental Protection Authority, Perth, Western Australia. pp.

EPA, Environmental Protection Authority. (2016d). Technical Guidance: Sampling of Short-range Endemic Invertebrate Fauna, Perth, Western Australia. pp.

Harvey, M. S. (2002). Short range endemism in the Australian fauna: some examples from non-marine environments. Invertebrate Systematics, 16: 555-570.

Johnson, M. S., Hamilton, Z. R., Murphy, C. E., MacLeay, C. A., Roberts, B., & Kendrick, P. G. (2004). Evolutionary genetics of island and mainland species of Rhagada (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) in the Pilbara Region, Western Australia. Australian Journal of Zoology, 52(4): 341-355. doi:https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO04027

Main, B. Y., Samprey, A., & West, P. J. (2000). Mygalomorph spiders of the southern Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum Supplement, 61: 281-294.

Ponder, W. F., & Colgan, D. J. (2002). What makes a narrow range taxon? Insights from Australian fresh-water snails. Invertebrate Systematics, 16(5): 571-582.

WAM, Western Australian Museum. (2017a). Arachnid and Myriapod Collection Database (custom search). Retrieved Retrieved 2017 http://www.museum.wa.gov.au

WAM, Western Australian Museum. (2017b). Crustacea Collection Database (custom search). Retrieved 2017 http://www.museum.wa.gov.au.

WAM, Western Australian Museum. (2017c). Mollusc Collection Database (custom search). Retrieved 2017 http://www.museum.wa.gov.au.

http://www.bom.gov.au./climate/data/index.shtml

http://naturemap.dec.wa.gov.au./default.aspx

https://doi.org/10.1071/ZO04027

http://www.museum.wa.gov.au/



Page 38 of 47


Appendix A: Database SRE Fauna Records

Order Infraorder Family Lowest id Comment / status Latitude Longitude

Collection method

Year

Araneae Araneomorphae Selenopidae Selenopidae sp. indet. species indeterminate (moulted skin) -21.38 119.688 searching 2016

Araneae Araneomorphae Selenopidae Karaops sp. indet. species indeterminate (juvenille) -21.47 119.635 pitfall trap 2016

Araneae Araneomorphae Selenopidae Karaops sp. indet. species indeterminate (juvenille) -21.48 120.091 wet pit, ethy. glyc. 2011

Araneae Araneomorphae Selenopidae Karaops nyangumarta -21.45 119.654 Wet Pitfall Trap 2015 Araneae Araneomorphae Selenopidae Selenopidae sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.47 119.671 wet pitfall trap 2015 Araneae Mygalomorphae Actinopodidae Missulena melissae -21.41 120.071 wet pit (eth.gyl) 2010 Araneae Mygalomorphae Actinopodidae Missulena rutraspina -21.46 120.014 wet pit (eth.gyl) 2010 Araneae Mygalomorphae Barychelidae Aurecocrypta sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.47 119.635 Dry Pitfall Trap 2015 Araneae Mygalomorphae Barychelidae Barychelidae sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.5 120.109 wet pit (eth. glycol 2012 Araneae Mygalomorphae Barychelidae Idiommata sp. `MYG111` -21.59 120.094 dry pitfall 2012 Araneae Mygalomorphae Barychelidae Synothele sp. `MYG114` -21.68 120.088 ethylene glycol pits 2009 Araneae Mygalomorphae Idiopidae Idiopidae sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.47 120.007 wet pit (eth. glycol 2012 Araneae Mygalomorphae Nemesiidae Aname sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.28 119.412 wet pitfall 2010 Araneae Mygalomorphae Nemesiidae Aname sp. `MYG001 group` -21.68 120.088 ethylene glycol pits 2010 Araneae Mygalomorphae Nemesiidae Aname sp. `MYG099` -21.41 120.071 ethylene glycol pits 2010 Araneae Mygalomorphae Nemesiidae Aname sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.62 120.082 hand collected 2012

Araneae Mygalomorphae Nemesiidae Aname sp. indet. species indeterminate (juvenille) -21.39 119.652 Wet Pitfall Trap 2015

Araneae Mygalomorphae Nemesiidae Aname mellosa -21.66 119.976 targeted searching 2014 Araneae Mygalomorphae Nemesiidae Nemesiidae sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.68 120.088 wet pit (eth. glycol 2012 Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Chernetidae Haplochernes sp. species indeterminate -20.93 119.854 by hand 2012

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Feaellidae Feaella tealei -21.39 119.619 Targeted Searching 2014

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Garypidae Synsphyronus sp. `8/3 pilbara` -21.39 119.619 Wet Pitfall Trap 2014

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Garypidae Synsphyronus sp. `paradoxus complex` -21.69 119.679 dry pitfall 2014

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Garypidae Synsphyronus sp. `PSE091, 7/3 short` -21.68 119.654 dry pitfall 2014

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Garypidae Synsphyronus sp. `PSE093, 8/1 Pilbara` -21.14 119.889 2006

Page 39 of 47



Collection method

Year

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Garypidae Synsphyronus `sp. nov. Spinifex Ridge` -20.88 120.116 2008

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Olpiidae sp. `Genus 7/4` -21.6 120.098 wet pitfall 2012 Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Olpiidae sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.58 120.15 wet pitfall 2012 Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Olpiidae sp. indet. species indeterminate -20.88 120.104 2008 Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Austrohorus sp. indet. species indeterminate -20.88 120.104 2008

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Austrohorus sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.42 119.622 Targeted Searching 2014

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Beierolpium sp. `8/3` -21.49 119.636 Wet Pitfall Trap 2015 Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Beierolpium sp. `8/4 lge` -21.58 120.15 wet pitfall 2012

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Beierolpium sp. indet. species indeterminate (juvenille) -21.39 119.652 Targeted

Searching 2014

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Euryolpium sp. indet. species indeterminate -20.88 120.104 2008 Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Indolpium sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.16 119.836 wet pitfall 2010

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Indolpium sp. indet. species indeterminate (juvenille) -21.49 119.636 Targeted

Searching 2014

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Indolpium sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.49 119.668 Targeted Searching 2014

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Olpiidae sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.39 120.071 wet pitfall 2006 Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Xenolpium sp. `PSE063` -21.57 120.131 hand collected 2012

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Xenolpium sp. indet. species indeterminate (juvenille) -21.47 119.648 Targeted

Searching 2014

Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Olpiidae Xenolpium sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.47 119.671 wet pitfall trap 2014 Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Sternophoridae Afrosternophorus sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.69 119.674 Targeted searching 2014 Pseudoscorpiones Panctenata Panctenata sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.17 119.763 by hand 2014 Scorpiones Bothriuridae Cercophonius granulosus -20.89 120.116 2005 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `bituberculatus?` juvenille -20.88 120.121 2008

Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `bituberculatus complex` -21.49 119.669 wet pitfall trap 2014

Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `gracilimanus` -21.7 119.691 Targeted searching 2014 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `hairy tail complex` -21.42 119.682 wet pitfall trap 2014 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `hairy tail group` -20.89 120.08 2008 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `hairy tail group` -21.6 120.078 wet pitfall 2012 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. `harveyi` -21.68 119.687 Targeted searching 2014 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. 1 -20.9 119.591 Ethylene Glycol Pit 2007 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. 2 -21.68 120.155 Ethylene Glycol Pit 2007 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. 3 -21.68 120.155 Ethylene Glycol Pit 2007

Page 40 of 47



Collection method

Year

Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. 4 -21.47 120.007 Ethylene Glycol Pit 0 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. 6 -21.77 120.092 Ethylene Glycol Pit 2007 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.58 120.141 wet pitfall 2012 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas annulatus -21.5 120.109 wet pitfall (ethylen 0 Scorpiones Buthidae Lychas bituberculatus -21.7 119.691 Targeted searching 2014 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.62 120.103 dry pitfall 2012 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. `Pilbara 16` -21.47 119.636 dry pitfall trap 2014 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. `Pilbara 4` -21.47 119.636 dry pitfall trap 2014 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. `Pilbara 5` -21.69 119.679 dry pitfall 2014 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. `Pilbara sp. 5` -21.68 120.155 Ethylene Glycol Pit 0 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. 2 -21.41 120.071 Ethylene Glycol Pit 0 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. 4 -21.77 120.092 Ethylene Glycol Pit 0 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. 5 -20.94 119.858 Ethylene Glycol Pit 0 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.66 119.976 dry pitfall 2014 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. `Pilbara 8` -21.22 119.402 Ethylene Glycol Pit 0 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus sp. indet. species indeterminate -20.91 119.65 wet pitfall (ethylen 0 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus butleri -21.69 119.679 dry pitfall 2014 Scorpiones Urodacidae Urodacus yaschenkoi -20.87 119.783 by hand 1938 Polydesmida Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. `DIP011?` Confirmed SRE -20.9 119.603 ethylene glycol pitf 2006 Polydesmida Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. `DIP026` Confirmed SRE -21.77 120.092 2006 Polydesmida Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. `DIP034` Confirmed SRE -21.17 119.745 hand collected 2012 Polydesmida Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. `DIP038` Confirmed SRE -21.43 119.553 ethylene glycol pitf 2006

Polydesmida Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. indet. species indeterminate (male - check) -21.39 120.071 2006

Polydesmida Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. indet. species indeterminate (damaged) -21.62 120.082 wet pitfall 2012

Polydesmida Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. Indet. species indeterminate (female) -21.47 120.006 2006

Polydesmida Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. indet. species indeterminate (juvenille) -21.58 120.119 wet pitfall 2012

Polydesmida Paradoxosomatidae Antichiropus sp. indet. species indeterminate (juvenille) -21.47 120.006 wet pitfall traps 2004

Polydesmida Paradoxosomatidae Paradoxosomatidae sp. indet. species indeterminate -21.39 119.619 Targeted Searching 2015

Stylommatophora Camaenidae Rhagada convicta NatureMap - No Coords

https://bie.ala.org.au/species/urn:lsid:biodiversity.org.au:afd.taxon:61200e4e-a3a7-4de6-af68-cbea01cc3b99#classification

Page 41 of 47


Appendix B: Site Data

Site Latitude Longitude Date of assessment

Habitat Type

SRE Suitability

Slope Aspect Outcropping Leaf Litter Availability

Soil Type

Drainage Shade Availability

T1SRE-CA01 -21.3487 119.9134 14/05/2018 Medium Drainage Line

Low Low South Minor Outcropping

Few Large Patches

Sandy Loam

Low to Med 20-40%

T1SRE-CA02 -21.3490 119.9229 14/05/2018 Gorge/ Gully Mod/Low Moderate West Moderate

Outcropping Few Small Patches

Sandy Loam Gully

Med to High 60-80%

T1SRE-CA03 -21.3393 119.9001 14/05/2018 Breakaway/ Cliff Low Steep West Major

Outcropping Few Small Patches Sand Gully Low to Med

20-40%

T1SRE-CA04 -21.3356 119.8877 14/05/2018 Gully Low Low South Moderate Outcropping

Few Large Patches

Silty Loam Other

Med to High 60-80%

T2SRE-CA05 -21.3359 119.8866 10/07/2018 Outcropping Low Steep South Major Outcropping Scarce Clay

Loam Negligible Negligible <5%

T2SRE-CA06 -21.3362 119.8853 10/07/2018 Outcropping Low Steep South Major Outcropping Scarce Clay


T2SRE-CA07 -21.3433 119.9047 10/07/2018 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Steep South/

East Moderate Outcropping Scarce Clay


T2SRE-CA08 -21.3418 119.9013 10/07/2018 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Steep South/

East Moderate Outcropping Scarce Clay


T2SRE-CA09 -21.3383 119.8956 10/07/2018 Minor Drainage Line

Low Low South/ East

Limited Outcropping Scarce Clay

Loam Gully Low 5-20%

T2SRE-CA10 -21.3512 119.9179 11/07/2018 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Moderate South Minor

Outcropping Scarce Clay Loam Negligible Negligible

<5%

T2SRE-CA11 -21.3513 119.9183 11/07/2018 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Moderate South Minor


<5%

T2SRE-CA12 -21.3538 119.9105 11/07/2018 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Low South Negligible Scarce Clay

Loam Gully Negligible <5%

Page 42 of 47



Habitat Type

SRE Suitability


Soil Type


T2SRE-CA13 -21.3566 119.9076 11/07/2018 Outcropping Mod Flat Flat Limited Outcropping Scarce Sand Other Low 5-20%

T2SRE-CA14 -21.3437 119.8975 12/07/2018 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Low West Limited

Outcropping Scarce Clay Loam Other Negligible

<5%

T2SRE-CA15 -21.3382 119.8848 13/07/2018 Medium Drainage Line

Mod/Low Low South Minor Outcropping

Many Small Patches Sand Creek Low 5-20%

T2SRE-CA16 -21.3059 119.7612 14/07/2018 Outcropping Mod/Low Moderate South Major Outcropping

Many Small Patches

Clay Loam Negligible Low to Med

20-40%

T2SRE-CA17 -21.3380 119.8922 14/07/2018 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Steep South Minor


Clay Loam Negligible Low 5-20%







T2SRE-CA20 -21.3423 119.8991 14/07/2018 Outcropping Mod Moderate South Moderate Outcropping

Many Small Patches Sand Gully Low to Med

20-40%

SRE-CA01 -21.3419 119.9018 6/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Moderate/Low Moderate East Moderate


Clay Loam Gully Negligible

<5%

SRE-CA02 -21.3281 119.8604 6/04/2019 Eucalypt Woodland Low Flat South Negligible Few Small

Patches Sand River Low 5-20%

SRE-CA03 -21.3262 119.8550 6/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Flat Flat Limited

Outcropping Scarce Clay Loam Gully Negligible

<5%

SRE-CA04 -21.3224 119.8529 6/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Low South Limited

Outcropping Scarce Light Clay

Negligible <5%

SRE-CA05 -21.3323 119.8696 6/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Moderate/Low Moderate North Moderate

Outcropping Scarce Clay Loam Negligible Low 5-20%

SRE-CA06 -21.3354 119.8740 6/04/2019 Medium Drainage Line

Low Flat East Negligible Many Small Patches Sand River Low 5-20%

Page 43 of 47



Habitat Type

SRE Suitability


Soil Type


SRE-CA07 -21.3358 119.8737 6/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Moderate/Low Moderate North Major


Clay Loam Negligible Negligible

<5%

SRE-CA08 -21.3352 119.8805 6/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Low South Negligible Scarce Clay


SRE-CA09 -21.3413 119.8868 7/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Low North Limited

Outcropping None Discernible


<5%

SRE-CA10 -21.3363 119.8393 7/04/2019 Stony Plain Low Flat Flat Negligible Scarce Clay Loam Gully Negligible

<5%

SRE-CA11 -21.3412 119.8405 7/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Moderate North Limited

Outcropping Scarce Clay Loam Gully Negligible

<5%

SRE-CA12 -21.3462 119.8428 7/04/2019 Sand Plain Low Flat Flat Limited Outcropping

Few Small Patches


<5%

SRE-CA12duplicate -21.34746078 119.843479 7/04/2019 Sand Plain Low Flat Flat Limited



<5%


Few Small Patches


<5%

SRE-CA15 -21.30609341 119.7641554 7/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Moderate South/

East Major Outcropping Scarce Clay

Loam Gully Negligible <5%

SRE-CA17 -21.30665294 119.761988 7/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Moderate North/

East Moderate Outcropping

Few Small Patches

Sandy Clay Loam

Gully Negligible <5%

SRE-CA18 -21.2997434 119.7743793 7/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Low South Minor


<5%

SRE-CA20 -21.29976343 119.7833698 7/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Moderate South Moderate


<5%

SRE-CA21 -21.30322575 119.7889864 7/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Moderate South Minor


<5%

SRE-CA22 -21.30528353 119.8111717 7/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Moderate South Minor


<5%

Page 44 of 47



Habitat Type

SRE Suitability


Soil Type



Low Flat Flat Negligible Few Small Patches

Sandy Loam River Low to Med

20-40%

SRE-CA25 -21.3667533 119.909872 8/04/2019 Drainage Area/ Floodplain


Sandy Clay Loam

Gully Low 5-20%

SRE-CA26 -21.35507974 119.9214722 8/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Moderate/Low Moderate South Moderate


<5%



<5%


Low Low South Negligible Few Small Patches Sand River Low to Med

20-40%



<5%

SRE-CA30A -21.35798776 119.9051375 8/04/2019 Drainage Area/ Floodplain


Sandy Clay Loam

Gully Low 5-20%

SRE-CA30 -21.34911289 119.9055472 8/04/2019 Minor Drainage Line

Low Flat Flat Limited Outcropping

Many Small Patches

Sandy Clay Loam

Gully Low 5-20%

SRE-CA31 -21.32990476 119.8809826 8/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Moderate South Major

Outcropping Scarce Clay Loam Gully Low 5-20%



SRE-CA33 -21.32513307 119.8723415 8/04/2019 Minor Drainage Line

Low Flat Flat Limited Outcropping Scarce Sandy

Loam Creek Low 5-20%



SRE-CA35 -21.31512562 119.857301 8/04/2019 Outcropping Moderate Steep South Major Outcropping

Many Small Patches

Clay Loam Negligible

Med to High 60-80%


Few Small Patches


<5%

Page 45 of 47



Habitat Type

SRE Suitability


Soil Type



Few Small Patches Sand Negligible Negligible

<5%



<5%

SRE-CA39 -21.35914415 119.8499849 9/04/2019 Drainage Area/ Floodplain

Moderate/Low Flat Flat Negligible Few Small Patches

Sandy Clay Loam

Sheet Flow Low 5-20%



<5%

SRE-CA41 -21.35467316 119.8723714 7/04/2019 Sandy/ Stony Plain Low Flat Flat Negligible Few Small

Patches Sand Negligible Negligible <5%

SRE-CA42 -21.3574588 119.8831424 9/04/2019 Hillcrest/ Hillslope Low Low South Negligible Few Small

Patches Clay Loam Negligible Negligible

<5%

Page 46 of 47


Appendix C: Fauna Data

Site Collection Date Higher Taxon Family Species SRE status Specimens

T1SRE-CA01 14/05/2018 Isopoda Armadillidae Buddelundia nr sp. 14 Widespread 1

T1SRE-CA01 14/05/2018 Isopoda Armadillidae Buddelundia sp. 11 Potential SRE 1

T1SRE-CA01 14/05/2018 Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Indolpium sp. indet1 Potential SRE 1

T1SRE-CA02 14/05/2018 Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Austrohorus sp. CAL1 Potential SRE 1

T1SRE-CA02 14/05/2018 Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Indolpium sp. CAL3 'long chela' Potential SRE 1

T2SRE_CA17 14/07/2018 Araneae Selenopidae Karaops sp. indet. Potential SRE 1

T2SRE_CA17 14/07/2018 Isopoda Armadillidae Buddelundia sp. indet. Potential SRE 1

T2SRE_CA18 14/07/2018 Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Austrohorus sp. CAL1 Potential SRE 1

T2SRE_CA19 14/07/2018 Opiliones Assamiidae Dampetrus sp. indet Potential SRE 1

T2SRE_CA20 14/07/2018 Isopoda Armadillidae Buddelundia sp. 11 Potential SRE 3

T2SRE_CA20 14/07/2018 Opiliones Assamiidae Dampetrus sp. indet Potential SRE 1

T2SRE_CA20 14/07/2018 Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Indolpium sp. CAL3 'long chela' Potential SRE 2

T2SRE-CA05 10/07/2018 Araneae Selenopidae Karaops sp. indet. Potential SRE 1


T2SRE-CA06 10/07/2018 Gastropoda Camaenidae Rhagada cf. richardsonii Widespread 1





Page 47 of 47


Site Collection Date Higher Taxon Family Species SRE status Specimens

T2SRE-CA13 11/07/2018 Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Indolpium sp. indet2 Potential SRE 1

T2SRE-CA15 13/07/2018 Araneae Selenopidae Karaops sp. indet. Potential SRE 1


T2SRE-CA15 13/07/2018 Isopoda Armadillidae Buddelundia sp. 14 Widespread 1

SRE-CA01 6/04/2019 Gastropoda Camaenidae Rhagada cf. richardsonii Widespread 1



SRE-CA07 6/04/2019 Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Austrohorus sp. CAL1 Potential SRE 1

SRE-CA09 7/04/2019 Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Euryolpium sp. indet. Widespread 1

SRE-CA09 7/04/2019 Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Indolpium sp. Indet3 Potential SRE 1


SRE-CA15 7/04/2019 Pseudoscorpiones Olpiidae Austrohorus sp. CAL1 Potential SRE 1



SRE-CA30 8/04/2019 Isopoda Armadillidae Buddelundia sp. 14 Widespread 1


Warrawoona Gold Project SRE Invertebrate Fauna Survey · 2021. 1. 4. · Page 2 of 47 Warrawoona Gold Project SRE Invertebrate Fauna Survey DOCUMENT STATUS Revision No. Author Review

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