Warning: This organization is solely for peacekeeping. So if you need peacemaking DO NOT ask this group.

Warning:Warning:

This organization is solely This organization is solely

for peacekeeping. So if you need for peacekeeping. So if you need

peacemaking peacemaking DO NOTDO NOT ask ask

this group. this group.

““The Peacekeepers”The Peacekeepers”A.K.A. the United NationsA.K.A. the United Nations

By:By:

Nate Falk & Aishwarya RajeNate Falk & Aishwarya Raje

What is the United Nations?What is the United Nations?

An internationalAn international

organization whose ultimateorganization whose ultimate

goal is to achieve world peacegoal is to achieve world peace

PurposePurpose Help countries cooperate with Help countries cooperate with

international law.international law. Promoting and ensuring human Promoting and ensuring human

rights.rights. Maintain friendly relations Maintain friendly relations

between countriesbetween countries Stopping environmental Stopping environmental

destruction.destruction.

What Else is it up to?What Else is it up to?

Has Has 66 official languages: official languages:-English-English

-Arabic-Arabic-Chinese-Chinese-Spanish-Spanish-French-French-Russian-Russian

193 193 MembersMembers

Founded in 1945 (67 Years Old). Replaced Founded in 1945 (67 Years Old). Replaced the League of Nations. the League of Nations.

The League of NationsThe League of Nations

Formed after WWI to prevent Formed after WWI to prevent another world war, obviously another world war, obviously worked because there was no worked because there was no WWII….Oh Wait.WWII….Oh Wait.

Never had U.S. membership, Never had U.S. membership, Germany was only a member Germany was only a member for 6 years, USSR member for for 6 years, USSR member for 5 years, Japan and Italy 5 years, Japan and Italy withdrew in the 1930’s.withdrew in the 1930’s.

Didn’t have support from Didn’t have support from powerful nations (‘merica).powerful nations (‘merica).

No military powerNo military power Members unwilling to place Members unwilling to place

sanctionssanctions

The “Big Four” talk The “Big Four” talk about all the successesabout all the successesof the League ofof the League ofNations. IT WILL ENDNations. IT WILL ENDALL WARS, FOREVER ALL WARS, FOREVER (As You Know)(As You Know)

Post WWIIPost WWII

There were talks between USA, UK, There were talks between USA, UK, China, and USSR to create another China, and USSR to create another International organization.International organization.

1944: Representatives from those four 1944: Representatives from those four Countries met in Washington D.C. to Countries met in Washington D.C. to prepare a new organization.prepare a new organization.

End of the War: Representatives of 50 End of the War: Representatives of 50 Countries met in San Francisco to sign the Countries met in San Francisco to sign the United Nations CharterUnited Nations Charter

Charter of the United NationsCharter of the United NationsTreaty ratified by most member states Treaty ratified by most member states (Except the Catholic Church)(Except the Catholic Church)

-All Members Bound By its Articles-All Members Bound By its Articles

July 1945: Signed and went into effect October of 1945 afterJuly 1945: Signed and went into effect October of 1945 afterapproved by Security Council.approved by Security Council.

-Security Council Members: USA, China, France, Russia, and UK.-Security Council Members: USA, China, France, Russia, and UK.

Meant to preserve peace, security, and human Meant to preserve peace, security, and human rights worldwide.rights worldwide.

29 Chapters29 Chapters

Can be Amended if approved by two thirds of General Assembly andCan be Amended if approved by two thirds of General Assembly andSecurity Council.Security Council.

UN kept many ideals and structure of the League of Nations, butUN kept many ideals and structure of the League of Nations, butthe goals of the UN were catered to a post war world.the goals of the UN were catered to a post war world.

League Council became the UN Security Council.League Council became the UN Security Council.

The UN is BornThe UN is Born

MembershipMembership

States are admittedStates are admittedto membership in to membership in the UN by decision ofthe UN by decision ofthe General Assemblythe General Assemblyupon recommendationupon recommendationof Security Council.of Security Council.

Procedure:Procedure: State submits an applicationState submits an applicationto Secretary-General and letter to Secretary-General and letter formally stating that it accepts formally stating that it accepts the obligations under the charterthe obligations under the charter

Security Council considers Security Council considers application. Recommendation application. Recommendation must receive votes from 9 0f 15 must receive votes from 9 0f 15 members of Security Council.members of Security Council.

US, China, France, Russia,US, China, France, Russia,and UK (Permanent Members) and UK (Permanent Members) must all approve. must all approve.

LeadershipLeadership

The Great Leaders of the United NationsThe Great Leaders of the United Nations

General Assembly General Assembly Main deliberative, policymaking andMain deliberative, policymaking andrepresentative organ of the UN. representative organ of the UN.

Provides unique forum for multilateralProvides unique forum for multilateraldiscussion of the full spectrum of discussion of the full spectrum of international issues covered by the international issues covered by the CharterCharter

Meets intensively from SeptemberMeets intensively from SeptemberDecember and whenever else required. December and whenever else required.

Subsidiary Bodies:Subsidiary Bodies:Boards, Commissions, Committees, Councils/Panels, andBoards, Commissions, Committees, Councils/Panels, andWorking Groups.Working Groups.

Led by President Nassir Aboulaziz Al-Nasser (Picked by Led by President Nassir Aboulaziz Al-Nasser (Picked by Assembly).Assembly).

-Has 21 Vice Presidents -Has 21 Vice Presidents

Security CouncilSecurity Council

Maintenance of international peace of security. Maintenance of international peace of security.

Ways they “Ways they “TRY”TRY” to bring peace: to bring peace:

Threat: Recommend the parties to try to reach Threat: Recommend the parties to try to reach

agreement by peaceful means.agreement by peaceful means. Can appoint Can appoint

special representatives. special representatives.

Fighting: Attempt to bring to end ASAP. Sends Fighting: Attempt to bring to end ASAP. Sends

in UN Peace Keeping forces to help reduce tensions. in UN Peace Keeping forces to help reduce tensions.

Keep opposing forces apart and create conditions of Keep opposing forces apart and create conditions of

calm in which peace can be sought.calm in which peace can be sought.

And We Continue With More And We Continue With More Security Council FunSecurity Council Fun

Currently the UK is the PresidentCurrently the UK is the Presidentof Security council.of Security council.

Rotates once a month Rotates once a month and country is chosenand country is chosenthrough English alphabeticalthrough English alphabeticalorder. order.

Feb 2012: TogoFeb 2012: TogoMarch 2012: UKMarch 2012: UKApril 2012: USApril 2012: USMay 2012: Azerbaijan May 2012: Azerbaijan

Subsidiary BodiesSubsidiary Bodies Peacebuilding CommissionPeacebuilding Commission Sanctions CommissionSanctions Commission Office of the OmbudsmanOffice of the Ombudsman Counter Terrorism CommitteeCounter Terrorism Committee 1540 Committee1540 Committee UN Compensation UN Compensation

CommissionCommission International Criminal International Criminal

Tribunal/ YugoslaviaTribunal/ Yugoslavia International Criminal International Criminal

Tribunal/ RwandaTribunal/ Rwanda Working Group on Children Working Group on Children

and Armed Conflictand Armed Conflict Working Group on Working Group on

DocumentationDocumentation

Economic and Social CouncilEconomic and Social Council

President: Milos KoterecPresident: Milos Koterec(Elected for 1 Year Term)(Elected for 1 Year Term)

Where economic, social, and Where economic, social, and environmental issues areenvironmental issues arediscussed and debated. discussed and debated.

Policy recommendationsPolicy recommendationsissued issued

54 Member States elected 54 Member States elected by General Assembly for by General Assembly for 3 year terms.3 year terms.

Functional CommissionsFunctional Commissions Statistical CommissionStatistical Commission Commission on PopulationCommission on Population and Developmentand Development Commission for SocialCommission for Social DevelopmentDevelopment Commission on Status of WomenCommission on Status of Women Commission on Narcotic DrugsCommission on Narcotic Drugs Commission on Crime Prevention Commission on Crime Prevention

and Criminal Justiceand Criminal Justice Commission on Science and Commission on Science and

Technology for DevelopmentTechnology for Development Commission on Sustainable Commission on Sustainable

DevelopmentDevelopment UN Forum on Forests UN Forum on Forests

Trusteeship CouncilTrusteeship Council

President: Michel DuclosPresident: Michel Duclos

Authorized to examine and discuss Authorized to examine and discuss reports from the Administeringreports from the AdministeringAuthority on politics, economics, Authority on politics, economics, social, and educational advancementsocial, and educational advancementof peoples Trust Territories. of peoples Trust Territories.

Suspended operation on November 1Suspended operation on November 1stst 1994 1994-These days only meets when President asks-These days only meets when President asks

International Court of JusticeInternational Court of Justice

Based out of Hague, NetherlandsBased out of Hague, Netherlands

Principal Judicial organ in the UNPrincipal Judicial organ in the UN

Settles disputes between statesSettles disputes between statesand gives advisory opinions to and gives advisory opinions to UN and its specialized agencies UN and its specialized agencies

SecretariatSecretariat

Headed by Ban Ki-Moon Headed by Ban Ki-Moon -Selected by General Assembly, -Selected by General Assembly, recommended by Security Council. recommended by Security Council.

Can be vetoed by permanent members.Can be vetoed by permanent members.

Carries out day to dayCarries out day to day

work of organizationwork of organization-Administering peacekeeping -Administering peacekeeping operationsoperations

-Surveying economic and social trends-Surveying economic and social trends

-Preparing studies on human rights-Preparing studies on human rights

Repertory of Practice of UN OrgansRepertory of Practice of UN Organs

Legal publication containing Legal publication containing analytical studies of the decisions of analytical studies of the decisions of the principal organs of the UN. the principal organs of the UN.

Comprehensive summary of the Comprehensive summary of the decisions UN organs made and decisions UN organs made and serves to throw light on questions of serves to throw light on questions of application and interpretation of the application and interpretation of the UN charter in practice. UN charter in practice.

The Advantages and The Advantages and

DisadvantagesDisadvantages

Advantages of MembershipAdvantages of Membership

Provides government officials to meet, Provides government officials to meet, share ideas, and consult on international share ideas, and consult on international problemsproblems

Ability to create potential for peaceful Ability to create potential for peaceful solutionssolutions

Help establish norms that many countries Help establish norms that many countries would like to live bywould like to live by

Ability to provide critical services that are Ability to provide critical services that are essential to international peace, security, essential to international peace, security, stability, and prosperitystability, and prosperity

Disadvantages: Now it Gets FunDisadvantages: Now it Gets Fun Plagued with bureaucracy so tough to have to a Plagued with bureaucracy so tough to have to a

voice if you have opposing views.voice if you have opposing views. Many of the UN Security Council/ Permanent Many of the UN Security Council/ Permanent

Members are not democratic, tough to enforce Members are not democratic, tough to enforce democracy when two of the countries are not.democracy when two of the countries are not.

Member nations owe billions of dollars to UN. Cost Member nations owe billions of dollars to UN. Cost a lot of money to join, money go towards a lot of money to join, money go towards missions and paying for employees.missions and paying for employees.

Many peacekeeping missions cannot be effective Many peacekeeping missions cannot be effective because they are NEUTRALbecause they are NEUTRAL

Tough to make executive order because countries Tough to make executive order because countries federal governments could go against the orders. federal governments could go against the orders.

UN International Impact UN International Impact

United KingdomUnited Kingdom Permanent Security Permanent Security

Council member Council member Has United Nations Has United Nations

Association of the UK; Association of the UK; meant to educate meant to educate citizens about UN citizens about UN CharterCharter

Typically vote to get Typically vote to get involved in foreign involved in foreign issuesissues-US and UK send the -US and UK send the most peacekeepers most peacekeepers out of all in the out of all in the Security CouncilSecurity Council Talking like the UK Talking like the UK

is still an empire to fearis still an empire to fear

ChinaChina

PermanentPermanent Security Council Security Council Member, original memberMember, original member

Usually doesn’t want to get Usually doesn’t want to get involved in other countries, involved in other countries, abstains from resolutions abstains from resolutions not concerning china not concerning china

Recently vetoed decision Recently vetoed decision to call for Syrian president to call for Syrian president to step downto step down

Hu Jintao giving a Hu Jintao giving a legitimate reason why legitimate reason why Assad should stay President Assad should stay President

RussiaRussia

The band is having a The band is having a

reunion tour. MUST SEEreunion tour. MUST SEE

Permanent Security Permanent Security Council member, Council member, original memberoriginal member

Very supportive of UN Very supportive of UN involvement in Africainvolvement in Africa

Active in Middle East Active in Middle East peace resolutionpeace resolution

Against Iraq war and Against Iraq war and vetoed for Syrian vetoed for Syrian President, Assad, to President, Assad, to step downstep down

IranIran UN has placed 6 sanctions UN has placed 6 sanctions

banning nuclear exports to banning nuclear exports to IranIran

Member since 1945Member since 1945 Supported UN resolution Supported UN resolution

on Syriaon Syria Has accused UN of being Has accused UN of being

too pro west and anti Iran, too pro west and anti Iran, calling it “politicized” calling it “politicized”

Ahmadinejad at General Ahmadinejad at General Assembly meetings has Assembly meetings has been controversial , been controversial , causing diplomats to walk causing diplomats to walk out during his speeches, out during his speeches, calling 9/11 “mysterious”. calling 9/11 “mysterious”. Also said NATO sanctions Also said NATO sanctions drug traffickingdrug trafficking

The speech Ahmadinejad just The speech Ahmadinejad just made is too accurate for made is too accurate for them to handle. Those sillythem to handle. Those sillyWesternersWesterners

MexicoMexico

The master of articulatingThe master of articulatinghis points: Presidente Felipehis points: Presidente FelipeCalderonCalderon

Member since 1945Member since 1945 One of the largest One of the largest

contributors to UNcontributors to UN Become more active in Become more active in

peacekeeping missionspeacekeeping missions Part of “Uniting for Part of “Uniting for

Consensus” or better Consensus” or better known as “Coffee Club”, known as “Coffee Club”, which opposes the which opposes the expansion of the Security expansion of the Security Council and expand the Council and expand the non permanent seats non permanent seats insteadinstead

NigeriaNigeria

Member since 1960Member since 1960 UN building in UN building in

Abuja bombed, Abuja bombed, Boko Haram Boko Haram claimed claimed responsibilityresponsibility

UN formally asked UN formally asked Nigeria to work Nigeria to work harder in fighting harder in fighting corruption in order corruption in order for them to for them to developdevelop

How can their be a conflict inHow can their be a conflict inNigeria with a President with thatNigeria with a President with thatmuch hat swag?much hat swag?

Syria and Rwanda actually wish that.Syria and Rwanda actually wish that.

Along with many other nations that you’ve Along with many other nations that you’ve

brought “peace” to!brought “peace” to!

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