Warm-up Wednesday, August 29th

Warm-upWednesday, August 29th

• Why would it be important to know the location of a place when studying history?

Geography• Title your Sheet of Paper “Five Themes

of Geography”• What is it? Write this definition

– Geography: The scientific study of the Earth’s surface.

• The Five Themes:– Location– Place– Human-Environmental Interactions– Movement– Region

Theme 1: Location• Where is it?

– Relative location- where is it in relation to some other place (example- BLRA is behind the recreation center)?

– Absolute location- precise description of location –latitude and longitude

• Parallels of latitude measure distances north and south of the line called the Equator.

• Meridians of longitude measure distances east and west of the line called the Prime Meridian.

• Geographers use latitude and longitude to pinpoint a place’s absolute location.

• Latitude and longitude are like an imaginary grid across the globe and the coordinates on that grid tell us exactly where something is located.

City Name Latitude N/S Longitude E/W

1) Hungary

2) Anchorage, Alaska

3) Sao Paulo, Brazil

4) Cambodia

5) Tokyo, Japan

6) New York City,

New York

7) Lima, Peru

8) Hawaii

Use the Red Desk Atlas on page 10 to fill out the chart.

Theme 2: Place• Place: refers to the mix of human and nonhuman features at a given location.

• All places have characteristics that give them meaning and character and distinguish them from other places on Earth.

• Geographers describe places by their physical and human characteristics. – Physical characteristics- animal

life– Human characteristics-

architecture, land use, transportation networks.

– Languages, as well as religious and political ideologies, help shape the character of a place.

Place Activities• On a sheet of paper, write a description of a

place that is known without naming it. Think about the physical and human characteristics of this place. Trade with another student and see if they can name the place.

Theme 3: Region• Region- an area with at least

one unifying physical or human feature such as climate, landforms, population, or history.

• The theme of region is very similar, yet quite different, from the theme of Place. A region can include a place or be part of a place. A region can be as small as a school, or as large as an ocean or continent.

Write three different ways these two regions are different.

Colorado Springs, Colorado

New York City, New York

Theme 4: Human/Environment Interaction

• Human-environment interaction considers how people affect their environment, or their natural surroundings, and how their environment affects them.

• The environment means different things to different people, depending on their cultural backgrounds and technological resources. In studying human/environment interaction, geographers look at all the effects—positive and negative—that occur when people interact with their surroundings. Sometimes a human act, such as damming a river to prevent flooding or to provide irrigation, requires consideration of the potential consequences. The construction of Hoover Dam on the Colorado River, for example, changed the natural landscape, but it also created a reservoir that helps provide water and electric power for the arid Southwest. Studying the consequences of human/environment interaction helps people plan and manage the environment responsibly

Photo Fun

• Number your page 1-4. • Look at the next four photos and try to

identify where these dwellings might be built.

• Identify features that are advantages in the environment where these houses are located. Think about how the people living in these dwelling have adapted to their environment.

Photo 1

Photo 2

Photo 3

Photo 4

Theme 5: Movement• Movement explores how

people, goods, and ideas get from one place to another.

1. Write down your favorite food.

2. Write down another place that you have lived (if you have) or where your parents used to live.

3. Look at the tag in your shoes and write down where your shoes were made.

• Try to figure out where each food was first made. On a map, draw a line from where these food were made to Colorado Springs. This is an example of the movement of ideas. How to do something, or how to make something, is an idea.

• Draw lines in a different color from the places people have lived to Colorado Springs. This is an example of the movement of people.

• Draw lines in a different color from the places your shoes are made. This is an example of the movement of goods and products.

• END OF FIVE THEMES LESSON PROJECT• After an introduction to the five themes of geography,

divide the class into five cooperative groups. Allow each group to choose one of the five themes of geography. After all the themes of geography have been selected. Hand out copies of old magazines to each group. Instruct the group that they are to search through the magazines for pictures that depict their theme of geography. After selecting the pictures for their theme, they are to glue the pictures to the posterboard and make a collage. They are to write their theme at the top of the posterboard. After all groups have finished their theme posters, a spokesperson is selected from each group. Each cooperative group will take turns having their spokesperson present their group's poster to the rest of the class, explaining why they chose the pictures that are on their poster and how the pictures relate to their theme.

Geography

•Scientific study of the Earth’s surface.

Location

•Where is it?–Relative location- where is it in

relation to some other place. Absolute location- precise description of location.

Place

• A location described by specific characteristics. Both natural and human, or cultural, characteristics.

Region• Geographers divide the world into

manageable units of study called regions. Some regions are defined in terms of a single characteristic, while others meet a complex set of criteria. The criteria for defining a region can be either natural or cultural and may change over time.

Human-Environment Interaction

• The ways different groups interact with their environments are affected by cultural background and technological resources. Geographers look at all effects- positive and negative- that occur when people interact with their surroundings.

Movement• People, products, information, and ideas

move in patterns. The theme of movement concerns human interactions; the ways we are linked with regions, cultures, and people beyond our immediate environment.

• Archipelago: a large group of islands

• Atoll: a ring of coral that encloses a pool of seawater

• Badlands: wasteland that has been carved into unusual shapes by wind and water

• Bay: a body of water that extends into the land

• Beach: a rocky or sandy edge of land along a body of water

• Butte: an isolated hill with sloping sides and a small, flat top

• Canyon: a deep valley with steep sides

• Cape: a point of land that juts out into water

• Cave: a hollow area in the earth with an opening to the outside

• Channel: a body of water that connects two larger bodies of water

• Cliff: a high, steep face of rock or earth.

• Continent: one of the seven great land masses on earth.

• Delta: a fan-shaped deposit of sand and mud at the mouth of a river.

• Desert: a region of little rainfall where few plants and animals live.

• Dune: a hill of sand formed by blowing wind

• Fjord: a long, narrow inlet of the sea between cliffs or slopes.

• Forest: a large area of land covered with trees and other plants

• Geyser: a spring that spouts hot water and steam from time to time

• Glacier: a large mass of ice that moves very slowly down a mountain or through a valley

• Gulf: a large body of salt water that is partly enclosed by land

• Hill: a raised part of the earth’s surface that is lower than a mountain

• Iceberg: a huge block of floating ice that has broken off a glacier

• Island: a piece of land that is surrounded by water

• Isthmus: a narrow strip of land that connects two larger land areas

• Jungle: an area of thick, tangled plants usually found near a river or swamp

• Lagoon: a shallow body of water that is partly cut off from the sea

• Lake: an inland body of fresh or salt water

• Marsh: a low, wet area where grasses, rushes, and cattails grow.

• Mesa: a raised area with steep sides and a large, flat top

• Mountain: a high area of land with steep sides and a sharp peak

• Ocean: the body of salt water that covers most of the earth.

• Peninsula: an area of land that is nearly surrounded by water

• Plain: a large, low area of flat or rolling land with few trees.

• Plateau: a flat area of land that is higher than the land around it

• Prairie: a region of flat or hilly land covered by tall grasses.

• River: a long body of water that flows over land.

• Sea: a body of salt water that is partly enclosed by land

• Sound: a long wide ocean inlet

• Strait: a narrow body of water that connects two larger bodies of water

• Swamp: a low, wet area where trees and high shrubs grow

• Tundra: a cold, dry, treeless region where mosses, grasses, and lichens grow

• Valley: an area of low land between mountains or hills.

• Volcano: a hole in the earth’s crust through which lava, gases, and ash are released

• Waterfall: a stream of water that falls from a high place

1) Marsh, Prairie, or Plain

• A low, wet area where grasses, rushes, and cattails grow.

5) Archipelago, Atoll, or Lagoon

4) Canyon, Cliff, or Badlands3) Isthmus, Delta, or Dune

2) Fjord, Delta, or Glacier

• A ring of coral that encloses a pool of seawater

• Wasteland that has been carved into unusual shapes by wind and water.

• A fan shaped deposit of sand and mud at the mouth of a river.

• A large mass of ice that moves very slowly down a mountain or through a valley.

6) Channel, Strait, or Peninsula• A narrow body of

water that connects two larger bodies of water.

7) Mesa, Butte, or Plateau

• A flat area of land that is higher than the land around it.

10) Beach, Archipelago, or Bay9) Fjord, Canyon, or Sound

8) Canyon, Valley, or Hill

• A large group of islands.

• a long, narrow inlet of the sea between cliffs or slopes.

• An area of low land between mountains or hills.

2) Choose One

• Glacier• Fjord• Delta

3) Choose One

• Dune• Isthmus• Delta

4) Choose One

• Canyon• Badlands• Cliff

5) Choose One

• Cape• Fjord• Peninsula

6) Choose One

• Hill• Mountain• Valley

7) Choose One

• Atoll• Archipelago• Lagoon

8) Choose One

• Waterfall• Geyser• River

9) Choose One

• Hill• Isthmus• Dune

10) Choose One

• Mesa• Butte• Plateau

What does a geographer do?

• Urban Planner/Community Development

• Geography is a natural tie-in with urban or city planning. City planners work on zoning, land use, and new developments, from a gas station renovation to the development of whole new sections of urban area. You'll work with individual property owners, developers, and other officials. If you're interested in this area, be sure to take urban geography and urban planning classes. An internship with a city planning agency is essential experience for this type of work.

• Transportation management• Like urban and city planning,

there are opportunities in local government but regional transit authorities or shipping, logistics, and transportation companies look kindly to someone with transportation geography in their background and good computer and analytical skills.

• Cartographer• For those with cartography

course backgrounds may enjoy work as a cartographer. The news media, book publishers, atlas publishers, government agencies and others are looking for cartographers to help produce maps. This would likely require relocation.

• Climatologist• Agencies like the National

Weather Service, news media, the Weather Channel, and other government entities occasionally need climatologist. Admittedly, these jobs usually go to those with meteorology degrees, a geographer with experience and vast coursework in meteorology and climatology would definitely be an asset.

• GIS Specialist• City governments, county

agencies, and other government agencies and private groups are often in need of experienced GIS professionals. Coursework and internships in GIS are especially important. Computer programming or engineering skills are very helpful in this arena - the more about computers and languages you know, the better off you are.

• Environmental Management• A plethora of environmental

assessment, cleanup, and management companies exist throughout the world today. A geographer brings excellent skills for project management and the development of reports like environmental impact reports. It's often a wide-open field with tremendous growth opportunities.

• Teaching/Faculty

• Becoming a high school or university geography instructor requires additional education beyond your undergraduate degree but it would certainly be rewarding to instill your love of geography with future geographers. Becoming a geography professor will allow you to research the world of geography and add to the body of knowledge developed by geographers

• Emergency Management• Emergency management is an under-

explored field for geographers. Geography majors make great emergency managers. They understand the interactions between humans and the environment, know about hazards and earth processes, and can understand maps. Add in a bit of political acumen and leadership skills and you have a great emergency manager. Get started in this field by taking hazard courses in geography, geology, and sociology and intern with a local emergency management agency or the Red Cross.

• Demographer• For the population geographer

who loves demographic data, what can be more rewarding than becoming a demographer and working for state or federal agencies to help develop population estimates and present data? The U.S. Census Bureau is one of the few entities that actually has a position titled "Geographer." Interning in a local planning agency will help in this area.

• Marketing• Along a similar vein of demography,

marketing is a good career for those interested in taking demographic information and getting the word out to those who match the demographics you're searching for. This is one of the more glamorous arenas a geographer can get involved in.

• Librarian/Information Scientist• Your research skills as a

geographer apply particularly well to work as a librarian. If you want to help people navigate the world of information, this is a potential career for you.

• National Park Service Ranger• Are you a physical geographer who needs to be outside and

couldn't even consider working in an office? Perhaps a career in the National Park Service is right up your alley?

• Real Estate Appraisal

• Real estate appraisers develop an opinion of value for a specific piece of property. The work involves research into appropriate market areas, the assemblage of pertinent data, and the use of various analytical techniques to provide an opinion that reflects all pertinent market evidence. This multidisciplinary field incorporates aspects from geography, economics, finance, environmental planning, and law. A solid foundation in geography is essential to a real estate appraiser’s success and typical appraisal tools include

aerial photos, topographic maps, GIS, and GPS.