Warm Up Match the following animals with their correct animal group: Animals: snake, squirrel, toad, eagle, rockfish Phylum: amphibian, bird, fish, mammal,

Warm Up

• Match the following animals with their correct animal group:

Animals: snake, squirrel, toad, eagle, rockfish

Phylum: amphibian, bird, fish, mammal,

reptile

Vertebrates• Vertebrates are animals with a

backbone• Body temperature

»Endotherms – are able to maintain their body temperature (warm blooded)»Ectotherms – are not able to

maintain their body temperature (cold blooded)

Fishy Fishy

• Fish characteristics:– Fins – to propel, balance,

and steer– Gills – an organ which

removes oxygen from water (used for breathing)

– Scales – protect the bodies of fish

– Most reproduce externally – female lays eggs which are then fertilized by the male

– Most are ectotherms (cold-blooded)

– 3 Fish Types-cartilaginous, bony, and jawless

• Jawless– That’s right…. no jaws– Includes hagfish and

lampreys– They eat dead fish or

live as parasites

Types of Fish

• Cartilaginous– Skeleton is not bone – it is

soft - cartilage– Includes sharks, rays,

skates– Excellent hunters– Must constantly swim

• Bony Fish– These are most of the fish – 95% of all fish – Contain a “swim bladder”. Helps them

maintain buoyancy.– Skeleton of bone

Types of Fish

Amphibians – “double life”

• Animals which can live on land and in water.

• They have lungs for breathing• Eggs must stay moist. Hatch in water. • Ectotherms (cold blooded) – water helps

maintain temperature.• Skin– is very thin. – They can absorb water through it….. And lose

water through it.– Some absorb oxygen through skin– Some have poisons in skin

• Different forms for young and adults – Metamorphosis – a change in form from

juvenile to adult

Amphibians – “double life”

• Salamanders– Live in woods– Much like prehistoric

amphibians

• Frogs and Toads– Make up 90% of all

amphibians– Well adapted for land –

strong legs, good ears, and strong vocal cords

Reptiles

• All have lungs• Water tight skin – helps prevent

dehydration. Skin very thick.• Body temperature– Ectotherms (cold-blooded)– Active when it is warm, less active

when cold.

Reptiles- alligators, crocodiles, tortoises, turtles, snakes, and lizards

• Eggs – have an amniotic egg–Hard shell – to protect and keep

moisture inside– Large yolk- to nourish embryo– (Eggs can be laid under rocks, in

the ground, in the desert)

• Turtles and Tortoises– Turtles live in water (mostly)– Tortoises live on land.– Both lay eggs on land.

• Crocodiles and Alligators– Live in water. Ferocious hunters.– Crocs – narrow head, pointed snout– Gators - broad head, round snout

Snakes and Lizards

Birds• Endotherms (warm-blooded)

• Feathers around their body, scales on their feet.– Down – fluffy feathers, trap

heat– Contour – stiff feathers,

provide shape and help flying

–Molting – shedding of old feathers

• Lay eggs

Birds• High energy – – Fast digestion; some birds eat constantly.– Efficient respiration

• Flying adaptations– Large eyes – see far distance– Rapid heart beat – to provide oxygen– Wing shape– Muscles – strong for flying– Hollow bones– Rigid skeleton – strong structure

4 Types of birds- flightless, water, prey, and perching (song)

Flightless birds

Water birds

Perching birds (song

birds) Birds of Prey

Mammals• Specialized teeth – enables mammals to

eat different types of food• Endotherms (warm-blooded)–Hair (or fur) helps trap heat– Fat – also helps insulate

• Produce and provide milk for young.• Have lungs and a diaphragm to breath

air.• Sexual reproduction – give birth to live

young• Large brains

• Placental mammals - young develop inside the mother’s body– Anteaters, moles, rodents, rabbits, bats,

carnivores, trunk nosed mammals, hoofed mammals, cetaceans (dolphins), primates

• Monotremes – lays eggs– Echidnas (pg 112) and platypus

• Marsupials – give birth but young develop in pouch– Opossum, koalas, kangaroos

Types of Mammals

• Create/fill in a concept map which shows the relationship between cold blooded vertebrates–Include these terms: reptiles, fish, amphibians, turtle ectotherms/cold blooded, alligator, frog, shark, metamorphosis, thick skin, gills, shell

Activity- Part 1

• Create/ fill in a concept map which shows the relationship between warm blooded vertebrates.–Include these terms: birds, mammals, milk, feathers, hair, monotremes, marsupials, placental mammals, platypus, endotherms/ warm-blooded, pouch, eggs, kangaroo, eagle, horse

Activity- Part 2