Warm-Up List as many steps as you can (in order) for the scientific Method. Get out your Dimensional Analysis WS. If you are not turning it in, fill out.

Warm-Up

List as many steps as you can (in order) for the scientific Method.

Get out your Dimensional Analysis WS.

If you are not turning it in, fill out a yellow sheet.

Once I check you off, you may turn in your paper.

Homework

Objective

Improve an experiment to obtain more meaningful results.

Agenda

Scientific Method Review Investigations & Experiments Lab

SCIENTIFIC METHOD

There are 7 steps to the scientific method:

1. Problem/Question

Develop a question or problem that can be solved through experimentation.

Example: – Does the amount of sugar used in a recipe

impact the size of the bread?

2. Observation/Research

Make observations and research your topic Make observations and research your topic of interest.of interest.

Example: Example: – Research baking, fermentation, and how bread Research baking, fermentation, and how bread

rises.rises.

3. Formulate a Hypothesis

Predict a possible answer to the problem or Predict a possible answer to the problem or question.question.

Example: Example: – If more sugar is added, then the bread will rise If more sugar is added, then the bread will rise

higher.higher.

4. Design Your Experiment

Develop and follow a procedure. Include a Develop and follow a procedure. Include a detailed materials list. The outcome must be detailed materials list. The outcome must be quantifiable (measurable).quantifiable (measurable).

Example: Example: – Bake several loaves of bread using the same Bake several loaves of bread using the same

recipe, but altering the amount of sugar. recipe, but altering the amount of sugar. – Generate a table to organize how much sugar Generate a table to organize how much sugar

was used and resulting bread size.was used and resulting bread size.

5. Collect & Analyze Data

Collect and Analyze Results: Modify the Collect and Analyze Results: Modify the procedure if needed.procedure if needed.

– Confirm the results by retesting. Include tables, Confirm the results by retesting. Include tables, graphs, and photographs.graphs, and photographs.

Example: Example: – Plot a graph or chart indicating sugar amount Plot a graph or chart indicating sugar amount

and bread rise.and bread rise.– Sample data – no significant change in size with Sample data – no significant change in size with

amount of sugar. amount of sugar.

6. Conclusion

Include a statement that accepts or rejects Include a statement that accepts or rejects the hypothesis. Make recommendations for the hypothesis. Make recommendations for further study and possible improvements to further study and possible improvements to the procedure.the procedure.

Example:Example:– Reject hypothesis that more sugar increases Reject hypothesis that more sugar increases

bread size.bread size.– Further testing – alter amount of yeast or flour. Further testing – alter amount of yeast or flour.

7. Communicate the Results

Be prepared to present the project to an Be prepared to present the project to an audience. Expect questions from the audience. Expect questions from the audience. audience.

Example:Example:– Present your findings in class as a presentation.Present your findings in class as a presentation.– Create a poster and present at scientific Create a poster and present at scientific

convention.convention.– Publish an article in a scientific journal. Publish an article in a scientific journal.

SCIENTIFIC INVESTIGATIONS AND EXPERIMENTS LAB

What makes an experiment “good”?

Background

You will be testing the speed of your car at different speeds.

Materials:– Wooden car– Stand with ramp– 2 photogates – A and B– Timer

Ramp Setup

When you get to your station, you will place your ramp at the hole indicated by the station sign.– Station 1 – you will screw your ramp into the first

hole.– Station 2 – you will screw your ramp into the

second hole.

Photogates

Place one photogate towards the top of the ramp, and the other somewhere below it.

The photogate at the top is Photogate A. The photogate at the bottom is Photogate B

Once you have completed this step. Stop what you are doing and wait for other groups to be setup.

Cars

Make sure the bolt is underneath the ramp, and the “wing” will pass through the photogate.

DO NOT UNSCREW THE BOLT FROM THE CAR. The bolt is designed to catch on a stopper on the ramp to prevent it from falling off.

Other Notes

Read all of the information on your lab protocol.

Follow the directions carefully. In the space below SECTION 1 B, create a

table indicating the ramp angle and the speed you recorded.

YOU MUST COMPARE YOUR DATA IN PART 1 QUESTION C.

Findings

Which group had the fastest time? Was that the result you expected? Why/Why

Not? Was the speed of their car a direct result of

the ramp angle?

Review of Significant Figures

How many significant figures are there in each of the following examples?– 3.4– 0.056– 1.0000– 120000– 120000.

PART 2 & PART 3Work with your group through Parts 2 & 3 of the lab

Lab Discussion

What is a variable? Why is it important to only change 1 variable

at a time in an experiment? How did we utilize the scientific method?

– Did we use all 7 steps?

Addition/Subtraction

Key Idea: Look for term with the fewest digits AFTER the decimal

Examples:– 2.7+3.566 = ________– 5.06 – 1.0 = ________– 5.555 + 1.02 = ______

Multiplication/Division

Key Idea: Look for the term with the fewest number of significant figures:

Examples: – 5.6 x 1 = _____– 2.98 x 5.6 = _____– 90/5.6 = ______

Sig Fig WS

You have the rest of class to work on the Sig Fig WS or correct it if you turned it in last class.