Warm-Up “A major 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck southern Haiti in Jan 2010, knocking down buildings and power lines and inflicting a catastrophe for the Western Hemisphere's poorest nation.” …However, a 7.0 magnitude has also hit California without causing as much damage. Why do you think Haiti had more damage even though the earthquake was the same intensity? *Explain using a 5+ sentence paragraph
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Warm-Up “A major 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck southern Haiti in Jan 2010, knocking down buildings and power lines and inflicting a catastrophe for.
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Warm-Up“A major 7.0 magnitude earthquake struck southern Haiti in Jan 2010, knocking down buildings and power lines and inflicting a catastrophe for the Western Hemisphere's poorest nation.”
…However, a 7.0 magnitude has
also hit California without causing
as much damage.
Why do you think Haiti had more damage even though the earthquake was the same intensity?*Explain using a 5+ sentence paragraph
Haiti and Chile: A Tale of Two Earthquakes
“The 8.8-magnitude earthquake that hit Chile early on Feb. 27 was 500 times stronger than the 7.0 quake that killed an estimated 200,000 Haitians last month. And yet the number of casualties in Chile appears to be exponentially smaller, with the official death toll still in the hundreds. Far fewer people were rendered homeless than in Haiti, and much of the telephone service in Santiago and parts of central Chile had been restored within five hours”
What type of destruction occurs from Earthquakes?
LANDSLIDES
FIRES
TSUNAMIS
Destruction from Earthquakes• Tsunamis:
– A tsunami triggered by an earthquake occurs where a slab of the ocean floor is displaced vertically along a fault.
– It can also occur when the vibration of a quake sets an underwater landslide in motion.
• Landslides:– With many earthquakes, the
greatest damage to structures is from landslides and ground subsidence, or the sinking of the ground triggered by vibrations.
– Liquefaction occurs when soil loses its strength and behaves like a liquid, causing foundations to collapse.
• Fires:– The greatest destruction is often
caused by fires when gas and electrical lines are cut and water lines are also broken, so the fire can’t be stopped.
– More than 100,000 people died in fires from a 1923 earthquake in Japan.
Announcements
• Last opportunity to complete Unit 2 Test corrections (after finishing Unit 3 Test)
• Tutoring after-school today (Thursday) from 2:30-4:30pm– Unit 3 Test Preparation– Unit 1, 2, & 3 Make-up assignments & labs
• Be sure to complete all unfinished review assignments & study, study, study!!!
Test Overview-50 Questions
• Layers of the Earth & Convection (10 Qs)
• Plate Boundaries (10 Qs)
• Volcanoes (10 Qs)
• Earthquake Anatomy (10 Qs)
• Earthquake Waves (10 Qs)
• Must complete all Unit 3 Review Assignments before test
Review worksheetB LEVEL: (Choose one for 90pts) Cross-word, poster of Earth’s Layers,Rap/song/poem w/ vocabA LEVEL: (Choose one for 100pts)10 MC questions, Review sheet (w/
all important info), Review game10
Epicenter = S wave – P wave
• Read units carefully
(kilometers on top, miles on bottom)
• If the epicenter is 1500 miles away, the S wave and P wave are 4 minutes apart
• If the S wave and P wave are 5 minutes apart, the epicenter is 2000 miles away
• A = Continental Crust• B = Oceanic Crust• C = Lithosphere• D =Asthenosphere• E = Mantle• F = Outer Core• G = Inner Core• H = Crust
THIS
IS
With
Host...
Your
100 110 100 100 100
200 200 200 200 200
300 300 300 300 300
400 400 400 400 400
500 500 500 500 500
Layers of the Earth
Convergent Boundary
Divergent Boundaries
Transform Fault
Boundaries
Earthquakes
100
What is the thin, rocky, outermost layer of the Earth
Layers of the Earth 100 question
A 100
The Crust
A 100
Layers of the Earth 200 Question
A 200
Which layer of the Earth is solid and rocky but semi-solid in some areas due to high heat or low pressure?
The Mantle
A 200
This is the major source of heat in the center of Earth, made
up of iron-nickel
A 300
Layers of the Earth 300 question
The Core
A 300
Layers of the Earth 400 Question
A 400
Which layer of Earth is semi-solid, where convection occurs,
allowing the plates to move?
Asthenosphere
A 400
This specific layer is made up
of both the crust and uppermost
mantle
A 500
Layers of the Earth 500 Question
Lithosphere
A 500
Convergent Boundaries100 question
B 100
What plate motion do we see at convergent boundaries?
Plates collide/come together
B 100
What 3 major geological features
are associated
with Convergent Boundaries?
B 200
Convergent Boundary 200 Question
1) Mountains
2) Volcanoes
3) Ocean Trenches
B 200
What affect do Convergent
Boundaries have on the
Lithosphere/plate?
B 300
Convergent Boundaries300 Question
Lithosphere is destroyed
B 300
What is the specific name of the convergent boundary
where oceanic crust is forced beneath continental
crust, and lithosphere is destroyed?
B 400
Convergent Boundaries 400 Question
Subduction Zone
B 400
Name at least one real world example of a convergent boundary.
B 500
Convergent Boundary500 Question
Hawaiian Islands
Himalayan Mountains
Appalachian Mountains
B 500
Divergent Boundaries100 Question
C 100
Describe the movement of plates at a divergent boundary.
Plates divide, split apart, separate
C 100
Divergent Boundaries200 Question
C 200
What is at least one major geologic feature that you would find at a divergent
boundary?
Oceanic Ridge
Rift Valley
C 200
SURPRISE JEOPARDY!What type of volcano typically has a shorter
lifespan with only 1 major eruption.This volcano is smaller with steeper sides.
Divergent Boundary 300 Question
C 300
Cinder Cone Volcano
C 300
C 400
Divergent Boundary 400 Question
How is new lithosphere created at a divergent boundary?
C 400
Rising magma cools and hardens into rock
C 500
Divergent Boundaries 500 Question
JEOPARDY SURPRISE:
How does viscosity effect the size of a volcanic eruption?
(How does a more viscous and less viscous lava behave?)
More viscous lava will have amore violent eruption, exploding upwards.
Less viscous lava will simply flow over the volcano’s edge, producing no
major eruption
C 500
Transform Fault Boundaries100 Question
What plate movement do we see at transform fault boundaries?
D 100
D 100
Plates slide/grind past each other
Transform Fault Boundary 200 Question
Is lithosphere created or destroyed at a Transform Fault boundary?
D 200
D 200
NIETHER!!
It is neither created nor destroyed
Transform Fault Boundary300
What geologic process do we see at Transform Fault Boundaries?
D 300
D 300
Earthquakes!
Transform Fault Boundary 400
What is the name of the large transform fault boundary in
California?
D 400
The San Andreas Fault
D 400
Transform Fault Boundary 500
SURPRISE JEOPARDY:
What three ways do Earthquakes result in major damage, apart from the
actual shaking of the ground?
D 500
Fires, landslides, and tsunamis
D 500
How do the travel times of S waves and P waves compare?
E 100
Earthquakes100
P waves travel faster than S waves
OR
P waves arrive first, S waves arrive second
E 100
What are three other names for a P wave?
E 200
Earthquakes 200
Push-Pull Wave
Compressional Wave
Primary Wave
E 200
E 300
Earthquakes 300
What is the SP Time interval on the seismograph reading below?
5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50
15-20 seconds
E 300
What is the theory that describes the reasons why earthquakes occur?
(What is the main cause of earthquakes?)
E 400
Earthquakes 400
Elastic Rebound Hypothesis
E 400
What is the difference in travel times (the S-P Interval) if the seismic station is 3000 kilometers from the epicenter of an earthquake?